小琴丝竹特性和园林应用研究
|
摘要
本研究以湛江、桂林、海口、益阳、韶关、南宁、长沙七个地区的小琴丝竹为研究材料,从其生理学特性入手,进行分析对比,揭示出各地的小琴丝竹在生理学特性上的差异,分析小琴丝竹的主要园林应用形式。主要研究结果如下：
1、生理学特性分析所调查的七个地区的小琴丝竹叶片中,叶绿素含量与游离氨基酸含量均呈现夏季较高、冬季较低的变化规律,各调查地小琴丝竹叶片中叶绿素的月均含量随调查地不同在4.91-5.47mg/g范围间变化,游离氨基酸的月均含量随调查地不同在3.5-4.18(mg·FW·(100g)-1)范围间变化,二者在受地理位置的影响变化方面基本上呈现由北往南逐渐升高的趋势；经过与气候因子进行相关分析,小琴丝竹叶片中的叶绿素、游离氨基酸含量与气候因子中的温度因子的相关性较为显著。β-胡萝卜素含量的月均值变化则随着调查地地理位置由北往南的改变呈下降趋势；小琴丝竹叶片的内硝酸还原酶活性随着地理位置由北往南的改变,呈现出一定程度的减弱；经Pearson分析,β-胡萝卜素含量的月均值变化与叶片硝酸还原酶活性显著性相关,相关系数为0.809。
2、园林应用形式研究对于不同地区的小琴丝竹生理学特性差异研究表明,小琴丝竹在长江以南地区的光合作用虽然随纬度降低而增强,但同时β-胡萝卜素含量减少、硝酸还原酶的活性减弱,而表征抗逆性的指标游离氨基酸含量上升,因此可能小琴丝竹并不适于引种至纬度过低的地区。通过对小琴丝竹在园林景观中应用效果的研究和分析比较,小琴丝竹被多数的园林景观设计选择为配景材料,使园林景观呈现多元化；其次是作为盆景,广泛应用于盆栽构建中；较少作为主景应用。
The research is about the Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr which inhabit in Haikou, Zhanjiang, Nanning, Guilin, Shaoguan, Changsha and Yiyang. The research inquire the difference of Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr's physiology characteristic among the seven city and the correlation between the difference and climatic factors. On the basis of this research, we can find the right way for Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr's landscape application. Improvements of the research in this paper are as follows:
1. Physiology characteristics research. For the leaves of Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr in each region, the content of chlorophyll are more in summer and less in winter, as well as the content of free amino acids. And we found the content of chlorophyll in the leaves of Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr changed between4.91-5.47mg/g, while the content of free amino acid changed between3.5-4.18(mg· FW·(100g)-1). The leaves in south have more chlorophyll and free amino acids than which in north. On the contrary, we found the content of β-carotene and the activities of nitrate reeducates in the leaves reduced from north to south in this reaserch. As the Pearson analysis has indicated, the variation of the content of β-carotene is significantly related to the activities of nitrate reeducates, and the correlation coefficient is0.809. Among all climate factors, temperature is the most significant factor, which can make great influence on the physiology characteristic of Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr.
2. Landscape application research. By the reaserch on the physiology characteristic of Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr, we can draw a conclusion that Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr adapt to the climate in north more than in south between the region from20°01'N to28°53' N. We should pay attention to this point in landscape application. As a good landscape material, Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr can be used for not only main features but also subordinate plants. What's more, it even can be used in potted landscape.
1、生理学特性分析所调查的七个地区的小琴丝竹叶片中,叶绿素含量与游离氨基酸含量均呈现夏季较高、冬季较低的变化规律,各调查地小琴丝竹叶片中叶绿素的月均含量随调查地不同在4.91-5.47mg/g范围间变化,游离氨基酸的月均含量随调查地不同在3.5-4.18(mg·FW·(100g)-1)范围间变化,二者在受地理位置的影响变化方面基本上呈现由北往南逐渐升高的趋势；经过与气候因子进行相关分析,小琴丝竹叶片中的叶绿素、游离氨基酸含量与气候因子中的温度因子的相关性较为显著。β-胡萝卜素含量的月均值变化则随着调查地地理位置由北往南的改变呈下降趋势；小琴丝竹叶片的内硝酸还原酶活性随着地理位置由北往南的改变,呈现出一定程度的减弱；经Pearson分析,β-胡萝卜素含量的月均值变化与叶片硝酸还原酶活性显著性相关,相关系数为0.809。
2、园林应用形式研究对于不同地区的小琴丝竹生理学特性差异研究表明,小琴丝竹在长江以南地区的光合作用虽然随纬度降低而增强,但同时β-胡萝卜素含量减少、硝酸还原酶的活性减弱,而表征抗逆性的指标游离氨基酸含量上升,因此可能小琴丝竹并不适于引种至纬度过低的地区。通过对小琴丝竹在园林景观中应用效果的研究和分析比较,小琴丝竹被多数的园林景观设计选择为配景材料,使园林景观呈现多元化；其次是作为盆景,广泛应用于盆栽构建中；较少作为主景应用。
The research is about the Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr which inhabit in Haikou, Zhanjiang, Nanning, Guilin, Shaoguan, Changsha and Yiyang. The research inquire the difference of Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr's physiology characteristic among the seven city and the correlation between the difference and climatic factors. On the basis of this research, we can find the right way for Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr's landscape application. Improvements of the research in this paper are as follows:
1. Physiology characteristics research. For the leaves of Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr in each region, the content of chlorophyll are more in summer and less in winter, as well as the content of free amino acids. And we found the content of chlorophyll in the leaves of Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr changed between4.91-5.47mg/g, while the content of free amino acid changed between3.5-4.18(mg· FW·(100g)-1). The leaves in south have more chlorophyll and free amino acids than which in north. On the contrary, we found the content of β-carotene and the activities of nitrate reeducates in the leaves reduced from north to south in this reaserch. As the Pearson analysis has indicated, the variation of the content of β-carotene is significantly related to the activities of nitrate reeducates, and the correlation coefficient is0.809. Among all climate factors, temperature is the most significant factor, which can make great influence on the physiology characteristic of Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr.
2. Landscape application research. By the reaserch on the physiology characteristic of Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr, we can draw a conclusion that Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr adapt to the climate in north more than in south between the region from20°01'N to28°53' N. We should pay attention to this point in landscape application. As a good landscape material, Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr can be used for not only main features but also subordinate plants. What's more, it even can be used in potted landscape.
引文
[1]中科院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志9(1)[M].北京：科学出版社,1996：108-112.
[2]郑清芳,郑蓉,连巧霞,等.观赏竹的特征检索及用途分类[J].竹子研究汇刊,2002,21(3)：25-32.
[3]周芳纯.竹林培育学[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1998.
[4]朱石麟,马乃训,傅懋毅.中国竹类植物图志[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1994.
[5]方伟,黄坚钦,卢敏,等.17种丛生竹竹材的比较解剖研究[J].浙江林学院学报,1998,15(3)：225-231.
[6]李煊星.湖南主要竹资源纤维形态的比较研究[D].湖南农业大学,2006.
[7]钱领元,方伟.国产16种竹叶的比较解剖研究[J].竹子研究汇刊,1986,5(2)：78-86.
[8]李秀兰,林汝顺,冯学琳,等.中国部分丛生竹类染色体数目报道[J].植物分类学报,2001,39(5)：433-442.
[9]张志欣.簕竹属部分竹种间亲缘关系的RAPD标记研究[D].福州：福建农林大学,2008.
[10]潘瑞炽,董愚得.植物生理学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,1999.
[11]Chapman G.. The bamboos[M]. London:Academic Press, 1997.
[12]Gene McAvoy. Physiology of Bamboo[M]. Madison: Crop Science, 2003.
[13]Shanmughavel P, Francis K. Physiology of bamboo[M].Valencia: Scientific Publishers, 2001.
[14]陈松河.园林竹类植物叶绿素含量的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2007,22(5)：37-41.
[15]顾大形,陈双林,郑炜曼,等.竹子生态适应性研究综述[J].竹子研究汇刊,2010,29(1)：17-23.
[16]姜慧芳,任小平.干旱胁迫对花生叶片SOD活性和蛋白质的影响[J].作物学报,2004,30(2)：169-174.
[17]林萍,齐力旺,汪阳东,等.植物耐寒工程中脂肪酸去饱和酶研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2006,4(3)：404-410.
[18]王晓洁,刘西岭,辛华.青岛引种的5种观赏丛生竹的抗旱性研究[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(22)：248-251.
[19]Demiral T, Trkan I. Does exogenous glycinebetaine affect antioxidative system of rice seedlings under NaCl treatment [J]. J Plant Physiol,2004,161:1089-1100.
[20]郭圣茂,彭仁,杜天真,等.森林植物叶中p-胡萝卜素含量分析[J].江西农业大学学报,2006,28(2)：258-263.
[21]郭圣茂,赖晓莲,邱业先,等.179种植物叶中p-胡萝卜素含量分析[J].林产化学与工业,2007,27(2)：92-96.
[22]Mauro Guida Santos, Carlos Pimentel. Daily balance of leaf sugars and amino acids as indicators of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) metabolic response and drought intensity [J]. Physiol Mol Biol Plants, 2009,15(1):23-30.
[23]马宗艳,陈建华.四种观赏竹形态特征与生理特性研究[J].经济林研究,2007,25(1)：6-10.
[24]胡尚连,曹颖,段宁,等.不同类型竹种抗寒性的灰色关联与聚类分析[J].福建林学院学报,2010,30(4)：327-332.
[25]Janda T, K6sa E, Szalai G, et al. Investigation of antioxidant activity in maize during low temperature stress[J]. Acta Biologica Szegediensis,2005,49 (1-2): 53-54.
[26]Wallis F G, Wang H, Guerra D J. Expression of a synthetic antifreeze protein in potato reduces electrolyte release at freezing temperatures[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 1997,35(3):323-330.
[27]Alison H. Kingston-Smith, Jeremy Harbinson, Janet Williams, et al. Effect of Chilling on Corbon Assimilation, Enzyme Activiltion, and Photosynthetic Electron Transport in the Absence of Photoinhibit ion in Maize Leaves[J]. Plant Physiology, 1997, 114:1039-1046.
[28]Albert C. Purvis, George Yelenosky. Translocation of Carbohydrates and Proline in Young Grapefruit Trees at Low Temperatures[J]. Plant Physiology, 1983, 73:877-880.
[29]Kunihiro Kasamo, Fumiko Kagita, Hiroyasu Yamanishi, et al. Low Temperature-Induced Changes in the Thermotropic Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of the Plasma Membrane and Tonoplast of Cultured Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cells[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology,1992,33:609-616.
[30]Judith B. St. John, Merryl N. Christiansen. Inhibition of Linolenic Acid Synthesis and Modification of Chilling Resistance in Cotton Seedings[J]. Plant Physiology, 1976,57: 257-259.
[31]J. Cyril, G. L. Powell, R. R. Duncan, et al. Changes in Membrane Polar Lipid Fatty Acids of Seashore Paspalum in Response to Low Temperature Exposure[J]. Crop Science, 2002, 42:2031-2037.
[32]Shizou Yoshida. Chemical and Biophysical Changes in the Plasma Membrane during Cola Acclimation of Mulberry Bark Cells (Morus bombycis Koidz. cv Goroji)[J]. Plant Physiology, 1984, 76:257-265.
[33]James M. Lyons, T.A. Wheaton, Harlan K. Pratt. Relationship between the Physical Nature of Mitochondrial Membranes and Chilling Sensitivity in Plants [J]. Plant Physiology, 1964, 39:262-268.
[34]吴继林.大湖竹种园丛生竹种的收集及其耐寒性评价研究[J].竹子研究汇刊,2008,2008,27(1)：19-26.
[35]蒋俊明,李本祥,蒋南青,等.2008年南方雪灾对川南丛生竹的影响[J].林业科学,2008,44(11)：141-144.
[36]白德志,吴义成,陈海兵,等.观赏丛生竹在常州地区的耐寒性观察[J].江苏林业科技,2007,34(3)：26-28.
[37]Kuk Y I, Shin J S, Burgos NR, et al. Antioxidative enzymes offer protection from chilling damage in rice plants [J]. Crop Sci, 2003,43:2109-2117.
[38]谷涛,武雪炜,刘锦荣,等.济南市竹类引种与筛选[J].园林科技,2006,1：1-12.
[39]邱尔发,彭镇华,王成,等.城市绿化竹子生态适应性评价[J].生态学报,2006,26(9)：2896-2904.
[40]Trkan I, Bor M, Koca H, Differential responses of lipid-peroxidation and antioxidants in the leaves of drought-tolerant P. acutifolius Gray and drought-sensitive P. vulgaris L. subjected to polyethylene glycol mediated water stress [J]. Plant Sci,2005,168:23-231.
[41]李建欣,葛桂民,张淑敏.竹子的特性及在风景园林中的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(4)：659-660.
[42]邹宽生.论竹子的观赏价值与园林应用[J].林业调查规划,2005,5：82-85.
[43]黄永高.竹影扶疏自清幽—观赏竹与园林造景[J].花木盆景：花卉园艺,2001,05A：47.
[44]Yang Feng. Bamboo and Chinese culture[J]. Culture, 2003,5:30-33.
[45]Arun K. Bansal, S. S. Zoolagud. Bamboo composites:Material of the future[J]. Journal of Bamboo and Rattan,2002,2:119-130.
[46]Daniel T C, Michael M M. Representational validity of landscape visualizations: the effects of graphical realism perceived scenic beauty of forest vistas[J]. Environ Psychol, 2001,21:61-72.
[47]R. C. Sundriyal, T. C. Upreti, R. Varuni. Bamboo and cane resource utilization and conservation in the Apatani plateau, Arunachal Pradesh, India: implications for management[J]. Journal of Bamboo and Rattan, 2002,3:205-246.
[48]E. Bretsehneider. History of European Botanical Discoveries in China[M]. London:Ganesha Pub.,2002.
[49]Gobster P. H. An ecological aesthestic for forest landscape management[J]. Landscape, 1999, 18(1):54-64.
[50]Pu Yingshan, Zhang Zhiyi. Study on Ethnical Bamboo Culture Ecotourisam in Yunnan Province[J]. Forestry Studies in China, 2001,3(1):37-49.
[51]Liisa Tyrvainen. Property price and urban forest amenities[J]. Journal of Enviromental Economics and Management, 2000, 39:205-223.
[52]李宝昌,韩炳越,张涵.古典园林竹子造景的形成与发展[J].广东园林,2000,1：38-39.
[53]孙英,高光林,丁志敏.试述竹在园林意境创造中的作用[J].农业考古,2008,3：239-241.
[54]蔡建国,韩春,舒美英,等.观赏竹盆景艺术创作研究[J].河北林果研究,2006,21(1)：88-91.
[55]刘金,谢孝福.观赏竹[M].北京：中国农业出版社,1999：145-149.
[56]王月英,金川.盆栽观赏竹上盆技术研究[J].浙江亚热带作物通讯,1998,20(2)：8-11.
[57]张露.竹类盆景的制作[J].江西林业科技,1998,6：36-40.
[58]韩春,何奇江,蔡建国.竹盆景制作技术[J].农村新技术,2008,22：65-67.
[59]吴晶晶,管家庆.园林景观设计中以竹造景的意境表达及手法应用[J].中国园艺文摘,2010,6：75-77.
[60]卫现刚.园林意境的感知时空变化与创造[J].城市建设与商业网点2009,6：462-463.
[61]陈从周.园林清议[M].南京：江苏文艺出版社,2005.
[62]吕慧,段渊古.竹石配景在园林景观设计中的应用研究[J].安徽农业科学, 2006,34(18)：4574-4576.
[63]田英翠,杨柳青.竹类植物在园林造景中的应用[J].北方园艺,2007,3：139-140.
[64]周武忠.心境的栖园——中国园林文化[M].济南：济南出版社,2004.
[65]金学智.中国园林美学[M].北京中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[66]何云晓,周斯建,赵印泉,甘廷江.竹子在中国园林中的应用研究[J].安徽农业科学,2007,(18)：5391-5392.
[67]张党省.园林竹子造景[J].价值工程,2010,(21)：225.
[68]迟金颖,段邦毅.竹韵芬芳：竹子在现代园林景观设计中的运用[J].中国园艺文摘,2012,(1)：80-81.
[69]张远文,佘美萱.小议竹子在现代园林中的应用[J].技术与市场(园林工程),2006,(6)：50-53.
[70]马军山,鲍滨福,余学军.竹子在现代园林景观中的应用[A]《中国园林》杂志社,2005：83-88.
[71]蔡宝珍,金荷仙.竹子的生物学特性及其在风景园林中的应用[J].世界竹藤通讯,2010,(4)：39-43.
[72]刘静怡,王云.竹在现代园林中的应用与发展[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2006,(1)：94-98.
[73]赵芸.竹类植物造景研究[D].南京林业大学,2011.
[74]张伏虎.竹在园林设计中的审美效应[J].安徽农业科学,2012,(8)：4648-4670.
[75]纳绍敏,杨葵玲,陈贤.探讨竹子在现代园林景观中的应用[J].安徽农学通报(上半月刊),2009,(11)：159-160.
[76]刘海燕.我国南方建筑环境中的竹文化研究[D].湖南大学,2007.
[77]陈飞平,李华,廖为明.浅谈中国园林中竹子的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2006,(21)：5553-5569.
[78]徐传保.部分竹子抗寒性研究[D].山东农业大学,2009.
[79]陈淑贤,陆振江.竹子在园林景观中的应用[J].科技信息,2006,(6)：76-134.
[80]练敏,陈敏玲,陈伟生.竹文化在园林设计中的应用[J].科技风,2010,(11)：46.
[81]周之瑶,赵雅青.竹子在景观环境中的设计运用[J].北方环境,2011,(5)：166.
[82]程红艳.竹子在景观园林中的设计与应用[J].技术与市场园林工程,2005,(3)：46-47.
[83]邱文昌.竹子在现代公园园林中的应用[J].科学之友,2010,(18)：136-137.
[84]张蕾.竹子在现代园林中的应用研究[D].浙江林学院,2008.
[85]尹五元,王昌命.竹类植物在园林中的应用[J].植物杂志,1994,(4)：30.
[86]金荷仙,华海镜,方伟.竹文化在中国古典园林中的运用[J].竹子研究汇刊,1998,(3)：66-69.
[87]陈飞平,李华.浅谈中国园林中竹子的应用[J].现代园林,2006,(7)：52-54.
[2]郑清芳,郑蓉,连巧霞,等.观赏竹的特征检索及用途分类[J].竹子研究汇刊,2002,21(3)：25-32.
[3]周芳纯.竹林培育学[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1998.
[4]朱石麟,马乃训,傅懋毅.中国竹类植物图志[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1994.
[5]方伟,黄坚钦,卢敏,等.17种丛生竹竹材的比较解剖研究[J].浙江林学院学报,1998,15(3)：225-231.
[6]李煊星.湖南主要竹资源纤维形态的比较研究[D].湖南农业大学,2006.
[7]钱领元,方伟.国产16种竹叶的比较解剖研究[J].竹子研究汇刊,1986,5(2)：78-86.
[8]李秀兰,林汝顺,冯学琳,等.中国部分丛生竹类染色体数目报道[J].植物分类学报,2001,39(5)：433-442.
[9]张志欣.簕竹属部分竹种间亲缘关系的RAPD标记研究[D].福州：福建农林大学,2008.
[10]潘瑞炽,董愚得.植物生理学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,1999.
[11]Chapman G.. The bamboos[M]. London:Academic Press, 1997.
[12]Gene McAvoy. Physiology of Bamboo[M]. Madison: Crop Science, 2003.
[13]Shanmughavel P, Francis K. Physiology of bamboo[M].Valencia: Scientific Publishers, 2001.
[14]陈松河.园林竹类植物叶绿素含量的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2007,22(5)：37-41.
[15]顾大形,陈双林,郑炜曼,等.竹子生态适应性研究综述[J].竹子研究汇刊,2010,29(1)：17-23.
[16]姜慧芳,任小平.干旱胁迫对花生叶片SOD活性和蛋白质的影响[J].作物学报,2004,30(2)：169-174.
[17]林萍,齐力旺,汪阳东,等.植物耐寒工程中脂肪酸去饱和酶研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2006,4(3)：404-410.
[18]王晓洁,刘西岭,辛华.青岛引种的5种观赏丛生竹的抗旱性研究[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(22)：248-251.
[19]Demiral T, Trkan I. Does exogenous glycinebetaine affect antioxidative system of rice seedlings under NaCl treatment [J]. J Plant Physiol,2004,161:1089-1100.
[20]郭圣茂,彭仁,杜天真,等.森林植物叶中p-胡萝卜素含量分析[J].江西农业大学学报,2006,28(2)：258-263.
[21]郭圣茂,赖晓莲,邱业先,等.179种植物叶中p-胡萝卜素含量分析[J].林产化学与工业,2007,27(2)：92-96.
[22]Mauro Guida Santos, Carlos Pimentel. Daily balance of leaf sugars and amino acids as indicators of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) metabolic response and drought intensity [J]. Physiol Mol Biol Plants, 2009,15(1):23-30.
[23]马宗艳,陈建华.四种观赏竹形态特征与生理特性研究[J].经济林研究,2007,25(1)：6-10.
[24]胡尚连,曹颖,段宁,等.不同类型竹种抗寒性的灰色关联与聚类分析[J].福建林学院学报,2010,30(4)：327-332.
[25]Janda T, K6sa E, Szalai G, et al. Investigation of antioxidant activity in maize during low temperature stress[J]. Acta Biologica Szegediensis,2005,49 (1-2): 53-54.
[26]Wallis F G, Wang H, Guerra D J. Expression of a synthetic antifreeze protein in potato reduces electrolyte release at freezing temperatures[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 1997,35(3):323-330.
[27]Alison H. Kingston-Smith, Jeremy Harbinson, Janet Williams, et al. Effect of Chilling on Corbon Assimilation, Enzyme Activiltion, and Photosynthetic Electron Transport in the Absence of Photoinhibit ion in Maize Leaves[J]. Plant Physiology, 1997, 114:1039-1046.
[28]Albert C. Purvis, George Yelenosky. Translocation of Carbohydrates and Proline in Young Grapefruit Trees at Low Temperatures[J]. Plant Physiology, 1983, 73:877-880.
[29]Kunihiro Kasamo, Fumiko Kagita, Hiroyasu Yamanishi, et al. Low Temperature-Induced Changes in the Thermotropic Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of the Plasma Membrane and Tonoplast of Cultured Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cells[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology,1992,33:609-616.
[30]Judith B. St. John, Merryl N. Christiansen. Inhibition of Linolenic Acid Synthesis and Modification of Chilling Resistance in Cotton Seedings[J]. Plant Physiology, 1976,57: 257-259.
[31]J. Cyril, G. L. Powell, R. R. Duncan, et al. Changes in Membrane Polar Lipid Fatty Acids of Seashore Paspalum in Response to Low Temperature Exposure[J]. Crop Science, 2002, 42:2031-2037.
[32]Shizou Yoshida. Chemical and Biophysical Changes in the Plasma Membrane during Cola Acclimation of Mulberry Bark Cells (Morus bombycis Koidz. cv Goroji)[J]. Plant Physiology, 1984, 76:257-265.
[33]James M. Lyons, T.A. Wheaton, Harlan K. Pratt. Relationship between the Physical Nature of Mitochondrial Membranes and Chilling Sensitivity in Plants [J]. Plant Physiology, 1964, 39:262-268.
[34]吴继林.大湖竹种园丛生竹种的收集及其耐寒性评价研究[J].竹子研究汇刊,2008,2008,27(1)：19-26.
[35]蒋俊明,李本祥,蒋南青,等.2008年南方雪灾对川南丛生竹的影响[J].林业科学,2008,44(11)：141-144.
[36]白德志,吴义成,陈海兵,等.观赏丛生竹在常州地区的耐寒性观察[J].江苏林业科技,2007,34(3)：26-28.
[37]Kuk Y I, Shin J S, Burgos NR, et al. Antioxidative enzymes offer protection from chilling damage in rice plants [J]. Crop Sci, 2003,43:2109-2117.
[38]谷涛,武雪炜,刘锦荣,等.济南市竹类引种与筛选[J].园林科技,2006,1：1-12.
[39]邱尔发,彭镇华,王成,等.城市绿化竹子生态适应性评价[J].生态学报,2006,26(9)：2896-2904.
[40]Trkan I, Bor M, Koca H, Differential responses of lipid-peroxidation and antioxidants in the leaves of drought-tolerant P. acutifolius Gray and drought-sensitive P. vulgaris L. subjected to polyethylene glycol mediated water stress [J]. Plant Sci,2005,168:23-231.
[41]李建欣,葛桂民,张淑敏.竹子的特性及在风景园林中的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(4)：659-660.
[42]邹宽生.论竹子的观赏价值与园林应用[J].林业调查规划,2005,5：82-85.
[43]黄永高.竹影扶疏自清幽—观赏竹与园林造景[J].花木盆景：花卉园艺,2001,05A：47.
[44]Yang Feng. Bamboo and Chinese culture[J]. Culture, 2003,5:30-33.
[45]Arun K. Bansal, S. S. Zoolagud. Bamboo composites:Material of the future[J]. Journal of Bamboo and Rattan,2002,2:119-130.
[46]Daniel T C, Michael M M. Representational validity of landscape visualizations: the effects of graphical realism perceived scenic beauty of forest vistas[J]. Environ Psychol, 2001,21:61-72.
[47]R. C. Sundriyal, T. C. Upreti, R. Varuni. Bamboo and cane resource utilization and conservation in the Apatani plateau, Arunachal Pradesh, India: implications for management[J]. Journal of Bamboo and Rattan, 2002,3:205-246.
[48]E. Bretsehneider. History of European Botanical Discoveries in China[M]. London:Ganesha Pub.,2002.
[49]Gobster P. H. An ecological aesthestic for forest landscape management[J]. Landscape, 1999, 18(1):54-64.
[50]Pu Yingshan, Zhang Zhiyi. Study on Ethnical Bamboo Culture Ecotourisam in Yunnan Province[J]. Forestry Studies in China, 2001,3(1):37-49.
[51]Liisa Tyrvainen. Property price and urban forest amenities[J]. Journal of Enviromental Economics and Management, 2000, 39:205-223.
[52]李宝昌,韩炳越,张涵.古典园林竹子造景的形成与发展[J].广东园林,2000,1：38-39.
[53]孙英,高光林,丁志敏.试述竹在园林意境创造中的作用[J].农业考古,2008,3：239-241.
[54]蔡建国,韩春,舒美英,等.观赏竹盆景艺术创作研究[J].河北林果研究,2006,21(1)：88-91.
[55]刘金,谢孝福.观赏竹[M].北京：中国农业出版社,1999：145-149.
[56]王月英,金川.盆栽观赏竹上盆技术研究[J].浙江亚热带作物通讯,1998,20(2)：8-11.
[57]张露.竹类盆景的制作[J].江西林业科技,1998,6：36-40.
[58]韩春,何奇江,蔡建国.竹盆景制作技术[J].农村新技术,2008,22：65-67.
[59]吴晶晶,管家庆.园林景观设计中以竹造景的意境表达及手法应用[J].中国园艺文摘,2010,6：75-77.
[60]卫现刚.园林意境的感知时空变化与创造[J].城市建设与商业网点2009,6：462-463.
[61]陈从周.园林清议[M].南京：江苏文艺出版社,2005.
[62]吕慧,段渊古.竹石配景在园林景观设计中的应用研究[J].安徽农业科学, 2006,34(18)：4574-4576.
[63]田英翠,杨柳青.竹类植物在园林造景中的应用[J].北方园艺,2007,3：139-140.
[64]周武忠.心境的栖园——中国园林文化[M].济南：济南出版社,2004.
[65]金学智.中国园林美学[M].北京中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[66]何云晓,周斯建,赵印泉,甘廷江.竹子在中国园林中的应用研究[J].安徽农业科学,2007,(18)：5391-5392.
[67]张党省.园林竹子造景[J].价值工程,2010,(21)：225.
[68]迟金颖,段邦毅.竹韵芬芳：竹子在现代园林景观设计中的运用[J].中国园艺文摘,2012,(1)：80-81.
[69]张远文,佘美萱.小议竹子在现代园林中的应用[J].技术与市场(园林工程),2006,(6)：50-53.
[70]马军山,鲍滨福,余学军.竹子在现代园林景观中的应用[A]《中国园林》杂志社,2005：83-88.
[71]蔡宝珍,金荷仙.竹子的生物学特性及其在风景园林中的应用[J].世界竹藤通讯,2010,(4)：39-43.
[72]刘静怡,王云.竹在现代园林中的应用与发展[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2006,(1)：94-98.
[73]赵芸.竹类植物造景研究[D].南京林业大学,2011.
[74]张伏虎.竹在园林设计中的审美效应[J].安徽农业科学,2012,(8)：4648-4670.
[75]纳绍敏,杨葵玲,陈贤.探讨竹子在现代园林景观中的应用[J].安徽农学通报(上半月刊),2009,(11)：159-160.
[76]刘海燕.我国南方建筑环境中的竹文化研究[D].湖南大学,2007.
[77]陈飞平,李华,廖为明.浅谈中国园林中竹子的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2006,(21)：5553-5569.
[78]徐传保.部分竹子抗寒性研究[D].山东农业大学,2009.
[79]陈淑贤,陆振江.竹子在园林景观中的应用[J].科技信息,2006,(6)：76-134.
[80]练敏,陈敏玲,陈伟生.竹文化在园林设计中的应用[J].科技风,2010,(11)：46.
[81]周之瑶,赵雅青.竹子在景观环境中的设计运用[J].北方环境,2011,(5)：166.
[82]程红艳.竹子在景观园林中的设计与应用[J].技术与市场园林工程,2005,(3)：46-47.
[83]邱文昌.竹子在现代公园园林中的应用[J].科学之友,2010,(18)：136-137.
[84]张蕾.竹子在现代园林中的应用研究[D].浙江林学院,2008.
[85]尹五元,王昌命.竹类植物在园林中的应用[J].植物杂志,1994,(4)：30.
[86]金荷仙,华海镜,方伟.竹文化在中国古典园林中的运用[J].竹子研究汇刊,1998,(3)：66-69.
[87]陈飞平,李华.浅谈中国园林中竹子的应用[J].现代园林,2006,(7)：52-54.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |