用户名: 密码: 验证码:
冻干羊胎免疫调节因子及其稳定性初步研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
羊胎免疫调节因子(goat embryo immunoregulatory factor, GEIF),是以羊胎为原料经超滤等工艺制成的生物活性物质。利用羊胎免疫调节因子超滤液作为原料研发保健品符合现代食品科学的发展趋势,但羊胎免疫调节因子的稳定性是其应用中存在的问题。因此,如何提高其活性物质的稳定性、改进质量,使产品利于质量控制,已成为亟待解决的问题。
     本文利用添加保护剂和真空冷冻干燥技术,将GEIF超滤液(分子量<3000道尔顿)制成冻干GEIF,以期增加产品稳定性、提高质量、延长货架期,并在一定程度上解决贮存和运输条件较为严格的问题,使产品利于质量控制。本试验筛选了最优冻干配方和冻干工艺参数,并将冻干GEIF与GEIF超滤液比较分析,进而对冻干GEIF的稳定性作了初步研究。本试验研究为冻干羊胎免疫调节因子保健品的研发提供了一定的实验依据,也可为相关的以多肽类为功效成分的保健食品的研发提供一定参考。试验结果表明:
     1.甘露醇、蔗糖均可赋予冻干GEIF一定的外观性状,但因各自理化性质的不同,使得冻干GEIF的外观性状存在差异,主要表现为粗糙度不同。
     2.甘露醇、蔗糖对GEIF的免疫活性具有不同冻干保护作用和贮存稳定性作用。作为缓冲剂的柠檬酸钠表现出相对较差的稳定性作用。从冻干保护效果和冻干稳定性效果综合考虑,选取4%(g/ml)甘露醇配比1%(g/ml)蔗糖的配方为最优配方。
     3.以外观性状、免疫活性、水分含量为主要指标,从冻干和稳定效果考察,通过正交试验选得真空冷冻干燥的最佳工艺参数为第一阶段干燥温度-10℃、干燥时间25h;第二阶段干燥温度20℃、干燥时间10h。保护剂的配比为影响冻干效果的主要因素,对稳定效果则保护剂的配比和第一阶段干燥时间同为主要因素。根据最优组合得到的冻干曲线可作为放大生产的有效参考。
     4.用紫外扫描和高效液相色谱对GEIF超滤液和冻干GEIF进行分析比较。两者的最大紫外吸收波长为250±1nm,紫外吸收峰值<1.5;GEIF超滤液和冻干GEIF均分离出20个峰,两者图谱的相对峰面积在2%以上的峰,其保留时间和各组分相对百分含量这两个特征指标无显著性差异(P>0.05),图谱有相当好的吻合性。这初步表明GEIF超滤液经添加保护剂和真空冷冻干燥后,其主要成分没有发生显著性改变,保护剂的选择在理论和实际上均符合原则,添加的保护剂不影响冻干GEIF质量标准
    
    冻于羊胎免疫调节因子及其稳定性初步研究
    中紫外扫描和色谱指标的检测。
     5.在4’C、20’C、37C下,经30天留样考察,GEIF超滤液受温度影响较大,而
    冻干GEIF受温度影响较小。4℃、30天,两者均能保持良好活性;20℃、30天,GEIF
    超滤液的免疫活性较冻干GEIF有所降低;37oC、30天,冻干GEIF的免疫活性极显
    著高于GE F超滤液的免疫活性0功*人*mF超滤液应在2~8℃保存。
     6.在相对湿度900土50和75O土50下,经30天留样考察,冻干GEIF因其特有
    的多孔疏松结构极易吸潮,导致外观性状的改变和活性的丧失。若采用优质包村并包
    装良好,可明显减轻在贮存和运输中环境相对湿度对产品的影响。
     7.对冻干GEIF稳定性的初步研究表明,添加保护剂和采用真空冷冻干燥能在一
    定程度上提高GEIF的稳定性。
Goat embryo immunoregulatory factor (GEIF) was the biological product developed from goat embryo with the ultrafiltration. In this paper, ultrafiltrated GEIF(molecular weight<3000dalton) was transformed into freeze-dried GEIF using vacuum freeze-drying technology and adding protectants or excipients. Freeze-dying formulation and parameters were optimized. Comparisons of ultrafiltrated GEIF and freeze-dried GEIF, stability of freeze-dried GEIF had also been studied. The results indicated:
    Mannitol and sucrose could give the appearance to freeze-dried GEIF. The appearance of freeze-dried GEIF varied with the different physical and chemical characters of the protectants. The main difference was shown by the degree of crystalline particles and coarseness.
    The immunoregulation activity of ultrafiltrated GEIF could be protected by mannitol and sucrose during vacuum freeze-drying. But the effects of each formulation were different. As buffer, sodium citrate did not bring about satisfied stable effect. Considered with the effect of protection and stabilization, 4%(g/ml) mannitol plus 1%(g/ml)sucrose was selected as the optimal formulation.
    According to the cake appearance , immunoregulation activity and moisture content, the best vacuum freeze-drying parameters were -10 , 25h at the first freeze-drying phase; 20 , 10h at the second freeze-drying phase. The ratio of protectants was the main affecting factor to the protective effect. Both the ratio of protectants and the time of the first freeze-drying phase were the main affecting factors to the stable effect. Amplified manufacture could be on the base of the freeze-drying curve.
    Ultrafiltrated GEIF and freeze-dried GEIF were compared by ultra-violet scan and HPLC. Both of them had the maximum absorb wavelength around 250 1nm, the absorb
    
    
    
    value<1.5; The HPLC fingerprint of ultrafiltrated GEIF was consistent with that of freeze-dried GEIF. Ret time and relative peak area of the both HPLC fingerprints did not achieved the level of significance (P>0.05). The main ingredients of ultrafiltrated GEIF were not changed by addition of the protectants and lyophilization. The choice of protectants conformed with the theoretic and practical principles. The added excipients did not affect the detections of ultra-violet scan and HPLC of freeze-dried GEIF.
    Stored at 4 , 20 , 37 for 30d, freeze-dried GEIF was less sensitive to temperature than ultrafiltrated GEIF was. Both of them could keep activity at 4 after 30d;Stored at 20 for 30d, the activity of ultrafiltrated GEIF was worse than that of freeze-dried GEIF; At 37 for 30d, the activity of freeze-dried GEIF was better than that of ultrafiltrated GEIF and the distinction achieved extremely remarkable level(P<0.01). Ultrafiltrated GEIF should store at 2~8 .
    After storage at RH 90% 5% and RH 75% 5% for 30d, we concluded: freeze-dried GEIF easily absorbed water because of it 's polyporous and rarefaction structure, which caused to lose the good appearance and activity. Freeze-dried GEIF was used qualified package material and packaged well, which could decrease the influence of relative humidity during transport and storage.
    Primary studies on the stability of freeze-dried GEIF indicated: addition of the protectants and vacuum freeze-drying technology could improve the stability of ultrafiltrated GEIF to some extent.
引文
1. Klerk, H.C. and Smith, J. A. Properties of lactobacillas Bacteriocin, J. Gen. Microbiol, 1978,133(2):3.9~314
    2. Nettle, P. M. and Barefoot, S. F. bacteriocin of food associated lactic acid bacteria. J. Food Prot, 1993, 56(1):56~58
    3. Daechel, M. A. and Mormine, R.E. Stability of the bacteriocin and its effect on growth of pediococcus pentosaceus. Abstr. Ammu. Meet. Am, Soc. Microbiol, 1987, (87):343~351
    4. Sawai K, R. Kanagasunteeram, M. Ramsbotham, et al. Develoopment of the human nasopharyngeal epithelium. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995,50:1449~1452
    5. Goldin B R and L Gorbach. Am. Neoplastic transformation of human embryonic nasopharyngeal epithelial cells induced by DNP in vitro. J. Clin., 1984, (39):756~762
    6. Puban Z. Transplantation of fetal mesencephalic tissue in Parkinson's. Bulletin of the IDF, 1998, (71):267~271
    7. Dellaglio F. Are there really alternatives to the use of fetal tissue from elective abortions in transplantation research? Bulletin of the IDF, 1998, (227):75~79
    8. Gottschalk G. The SCID-humouse: murine model for the analysis of human hematolymphoid differentiation and function. Bacterial metabolishk, p.214. New York, 1985
    9. Michko W. et al,. Debittering of a tryptic hydrolysates of casein by incubating with the ice nucleation-active bacterium. Erwinia anans and its aminoprptidases at low temperature. Agric. Bioc. Chem., 1990,54(12):3351~3353
    10. K. D. Lee et al,. Debittering mechanism of bitter peptides extracted from cheddar cheese with peptidases from Lactoccus lactis ssp. Cremoris Skll. J. Dairy Sci., 1996,7+(9):1521~1528
    11. Manning MC, Patel K, Borchardt RT. Stability of protein pharmaceutics. Pharmaceutics Research, 1989,6:903
    12. Powel MF. Peptide stability in aqueous parenteral formulations: prediction of chemical stability based on primary sequence. ACS Symp Ser, 1994, 567:100
    13. LiS, Schoneich C. Borchardt RT. Chemical instability of protein pharmaceuticals: mechanisms of oxidation and strategies for stabilization. Biotechnol Bioeng, 1995,48:490
    14. Matsushima A, Kodera Y, Inada Y. Chemical modification of protein drugs with PEG derivatives. Drug Delivery System, 1995, 10:5
    15. Manning MC, Matsuura JE, Kendrick BS, et al, Approaches for increasing the solution stability of proteins. Biotechnol Bioeng, 1995,48:506
    16. Izutsu K, Yoshioka S. Stabilization of protein pharmaceuticals in freeze dried formulations. Drug Stability, 1995, 1:11
    17. Ross H.M. Hatley, Julian A. Blair. Stabilisation and delivery of labile materials by amorphous carbohydrates and their derivatives. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 1999, (7): 11~19
    18. Xian Ming Zeng, Gary P. Martin, et al. Effects of molecular weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone on the
    
    glass transition and crystallization of co-lyophilized sucrose. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2001, (218):63~73
    19. Manning MC, et al,. Approaches for increasing the solution stability of proteins. Biotechnol Bioeng, 1995, 48:506
    20. Davidson P, Sun WQ. Effect of sucrose/raffinose mass ratios on the stability of co-lyophilized protein during storage above the Tg. Pharmaceutics Research, 2001,18(4):474~479
    21. Yoshioka S, et al,. Effect of polymer excipients on the enzyme activity of lyophilized bilirubin oxidase and beta-galactosidase formulations. Chemical Pharmaceutics Bullitin(Tokyo), 2000,48(2):283~285
    22. Millqvist-Fureby A, et al,. Surface characterization of freeze-dried protein/carbohydrate mixtures. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 1999,191(2):103~114
    23. Costantino HR, et al,. Effect of excipients on the stability and structure of lyophilized recombinant human growth hormone. Journal of Pharmaceutics Science, 1998,87(11): 1412~1420
    24. Lueckel B, et al,. Effects of formulation and process variables on the aggregation of freeze-dried interleukin-6(IL-6)after lyophilization and on storage. Pharmaceutics Development Technology, 1998,3(3):337~346
    25. Lis, et al,. Effects of reduing sugars on the chemical stability of human relaxin in the lyophilized state. Pharmaceutics Science, 1996,85(8):873~877
    26. Hora Ms, et al,. Development of a lyophilized formulation of interleukin-2. Development Biology Stand, 1192,74:295-303: discussion:303~306
    27. F. Castelli, et al,. Thermoanalytical characterization of high molecular weight glutenin subunits water effect on their glass transition. Thermochimica Acta, 2000, (346): 153~160
    28. Willem F, Wolker, et alDehydration-induced conformational changes of poly-L-lysine as influenced by drying rate and carbohydrates. Biochimica er Biophysica Acta, 1998, (1425):127~136
    29. Thomas Osterberg. Tommy Wadsten. Physical state of L-histidine after freeze-drying and long term storage. European Journal of Pharmaceutics Science, 1998, (8):301~308
    30. Manning MC, et al,. Approaches for increasing the solution stability of proteins. Biotechno Bioeng, 1995, 48:506
    31. Cleland JL, et al,. A specific molar ratio of stabilizer to protein is required for storage stability of a lyophilized monoclonal antibody. J, Pharm. Sci, 2001,90(3):310~321
    32.于守洋主编.中国保健食品的进展.北京:人民卫生出版社,2001
    33.苏晔.羊胎素及其免疫调节功能的研究(硕士学位论文).重庆:西南农业大学,2001
    34.陆晖,闫晓梅.羊胎盘活细胞素微量元素和氨基酸组成的分析.南京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2001,24(1):79~82
    35.杨秀芳,许牡丹等.活化羊胎素的提取与应用开发.宝鸡文理学院学报(自然科学版),1999,19(1):40~41,80
    36.(?)士山,张子周等.羊胚胎盘肽功能测试.中国生化药物杂志,2002,23(5):236~238
    
    
    37.李恩善,董邦全等.胎盘免疫调节因子理化性质及生物学活性的实验研究.上海免疫学杂志,1993,13(4):204~206
    38.许代娣,李琪等.胎盘免疫调节因子的制备.广西医学,2001,23(4):798~799
    39.陆晖,李东霞等.羊胎盘活细胞素对小鼠机体功能的影响.南京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,23(4):85~87
    40.严宜明.人胎盘免疫调节因子对精神分裂症患者红细胞C3B受体的影响.赣南医学院学报,1994,14(2):105~107
    41.严宜明,董竟亚.人胎盘免疫调节因子对亲细胞抗体产生的影响.赣南医学院学报,1995,15(2):81~83
    42.姜训等.胎盘转移因子的研究和应用[M].见:张光曙主编.中国科学技术出版社,1992:48
    43.刘月新等.一种新的免疫调节剂[J].中国免疫学杂志,1985,1(5):51
    44.陈水亲,严宜明.冻干人胎盘免疫调节因子对白细胞移动的影响.赣南医学院学报,2001,21(3):233~235
    45.陈新霞,石根勇等.羊胎素抗氧化作用的研究.中国生化药物杂志,2002,23(6):291~293
    46.史永亮,张子周等.羊胎盘冻干粉.专利,申请号95109067.4
    47.姚炳坤,石晶瑜.一种制作冻干羊胎素的方法.专利,申请号98101188.8
    48.黄楚华,殷学伦.胎盘肽制剂的理化性质及免疫活性研究.药物生物技术,1995,2(2):40~42
    49.许代娣,李琪,何树生.胎盘免疫调节因子的制备.广西医学,2001,23(4):798~799
    50.毕殿洲主编.药剂学(第四版).北京:人民卫生出版社,2001
    51.方宏清.多肽类药物制剂研究现状.药学进展,1998,22(1):16~20
    52.倪春.医用生物制品的真空冷冻干燥技术.广西机械,1999(1):15~18
    53.郭玺权等.冻干制剂工艺的探索.药学进展,1999,23(4):234~236
    54.曾军.冷冻干燥的设备性能选择以及配方研究、冻干工艺经验.海峡药学,2001,13(1):99~100
    55.鲁勤舫.食品冷冻干燥技术的发展与应用.食品工业,1998(5):43~45
    56.武华丽,胡一桥.冷冻干燥制剂的稳定性研究进展.中国药学杂志,2001,36(7):436~438
    57.刘占杰,华泽钊.蛋白质药品冷冻干燥过程中变性机理的研究进展冲国生化药物杂志,2000,21(5):263~265
    58.刘占杰等.药品冷冻干燥过程中的玻璃化作用.中国医药工业杂志,2000,31(8):80~383
    59.秦华明等.糖在蛋白质药物冷冻干燥过程中保护作用的分子机制.广东药学院学报,2001,17(4):305~306
    60.中国生物制品标准化委员会编.中国生物制品规程(2000年版).北京:化学工业出版社,2000
    61.程远霞,王国华.食品共晶、共熔温度测定试验研究.淮海工学院学报,2001,10(4):44~46
    62.王惠珍等.高效液相色谱法分析转移因子多肽分布.山西医科大学学报,2000,31(1):95~96
    63.陈柏林等.HPLC Pico-Tag法分析人胎盘的氨基酸成分.营养学报,1996,13(4):480~482
    64.程雅琴,杨鹏云.人胎盘组织液HPLC指纹图分析.中国生化制品学杂志,2001,14(4):238~
    
    240
    65.周如真,张修健.高效液相色谱法研究透析法制备的胸腺多肽组分.中国药学杂志,1993,28(12):736~738
    66.付丽娟等.脑活素注射液中肽分析方法的研究.中国医药工业杂志,2000,31(10):463~465
    67.于洪儒.促细胞代谢素注射液中多肽的分析及其与稳定性的关系.药物生物技术,2000,7(2):116~119
    68.严宜明,童竞亚.用E花环试验检测人胎盘免疫调节因子活性的研究.中国生化药物杂志,1996,17(5):205~208
    69.杨汉民主编.细胞生物学实验(第三版).北京:高等教育出版社,2001
    70.张均田主编.现代药理实验方法.北京:北京医科大学,中国协和医科大学联合出版社,1998
    71.王俊华,施产甫等.脑活素的制备和检定规程.海军高专学报,1996,18(4):241~242
    72.陆彬主编.药剂学实验.北京:人民卫生出版社,1994
    73.中国生物制品标准化委员会编中国生物制品主要原辅料质控标准(2000年版).北京:化学工业出版社,2000
    74.李捷玮,刘吉祥主编.常用药物辅料手册.第二军医大学出版社,2000
    75.祁蕴瑗.冻干精制人白细胞干扰素保护剂的筛选及冻干工艺探讨.南京医科大学学报(中文版),1997,17(3):284~286
    76.方志正,何建中.应用正交试验研究麻疹疫苗保护剂和冻干条件.中国生物制品学杂志,1997,10(2):104~107
    77.高福成主编,刘志胜,李修渠编著.冻干食品.北京:中国轻工业出版社,1998
    78.天津轻工业学院,无锡轻工业学院合编.食品工艺学(上册).北京:中国轻工业出版社,1993
    79.唐素苏等.赋形剂对头孢噻吩钠稳定性影响的研究.天津药学,1997,9(2):73~76
    80.徐书显.时华富等.真空冷冻干燥技术对生物制品质量的影响.河北医科大学学报,1998,(3):180
    81.王言,苏显英等.缩短生化制品的干燥时间.沈阳化工学院学报,1997,11(3):234~237
    82.包春杰.生物制剂冻干品萎缩原因的探讨.中国生化药物杂志,1997,18(4):207~208
    83.宣松林等.冻干静脉注射人血丙种球蛋白的研制.微生物学免疫学进展.,1994,22(3):25~28
    84.上海市教育委员会组编,华泽钊等编著.食品冷冻冷藏原理与设备.机械工业出版社,1999
    85.张颜民,徐光,童建民.食品真空冷冻干燥过程工艺参数分析.真空与低温,1999,5(3):180~185
    86.刘占杰,华泽钊,陶乐仁等.影响食品冷冻干燥过程的因素分析.青岛大学学报,2000,15(1):42~45
    87.包建强,缪松,杨迎春.香蕉真空冷冻升华干燥技术探讨.冷藏技术,2000,1:1~4
    88.姚开,何强,贾冬英等.牦牛肉冷冻干燥过程的研究.食品与发酵工业,2001,27(10):46~48
    89.李蔚,陈民.番茄冻干过程的传热传质研究.西安公路交通大学学报,1999,19(1):112~115
    90.邱学青,侯瑞宏,张红梅等胡萝卜冷冻干燥过程的研究.食品科学,1996,17(5):30~33
    
    
    91.林军,黄湘兰等.人胎盘免疫调节因子稳定性试验.中国生化药物杂志,1998,19(2):101~102
    92.沈心亮等.冻干神经生长因子活性稳定性试验研究.微生物学免疫学进展.,1998,26(3):54~56
    93.王弘,吴梧桐等.重组L-天冬酰胺酶制剂稳定性研究.药物生物技术,1997,4(2):93~97
    94.王彦宏、冷南等.转移因子的贮存条件与其活性的关系.中国免疫学杂志,1996,12(5):311
    95.周文丽,姚新芝等,冻干鼠2.5S神经生长因子的稳定性考察.中国生化药物杂志,2000,21(6):299~300
    96.王国华,程往太,胎盘提取物促淋巴细胞增殖活性及稳定性实验初探.中国生化药物杂志,2001,22(3):137~139

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700