阀调节泵系统特性研究及计算
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摘要
阀调节是泵系统运行过程中不可缺少的环节，在一定条件下，调节会使系统发生瞬变流动。本文以泵系统为研究对象，通过实验和计算的方法研究阀调节引起的全系统的瞬变特性及影响因素。主要研究方法和结论如下：
1 实验研究。对系统在三种初始流量、三种管长情况下进行三种阀的关闭实验和在三种初始流量、三种管长情况下进行管路切换实验，对这些条下阀调节引起的系统瞬变进行实验研究。如此全面的阀调节全系统瞬变实验研究在国内尚属首次。
2 计算研究。用特征线法对三种初始流量、三种管长关阀实验时泵系统瞬变计算，得到系统的瞬变工况特性。
3 系统瞬变特性和影响因素。阀调节会引起系统发生瞬变。阀的特性、初始工况、管长和调节方式对泵的瞬变特性有影响，而且影响各不相同。
Valve adjustment is a indispensably sector for pump system running, and it will bring transient flow to the system under some conditions. Aimed at pump system, this article investigates the transient characteristics and the influencing factors of the whole system by means of experiment and numerical calculation. The main method and conclusions go as following:
1 Experimental investigation. Experiments were carried with under the conditions that involve three initial rates of flow, three kinds of conduit lengths jnd three sorts of valve, and the transient characteristics brought by valve adjusting were studied. For the first time does there have such an overall transient flow investigation of the whole system under valve adjusting condition.
2 Numerical calculation. The article calculates the transient of the pump system with three initial rates of flow and three kinds of pipe length by use of the characteristic method, and obtains the system's transient characteristics.
3 Transient characteristics and factor. Valve adjusting will bring transient flow to the system. Valves in the system, initial conditions, the length of the conduits and the adjusting method all affect the transient characteristics of the pump system, and the
influences differ form each other.
1 实验研究。对系统在三种初始流量、三种管长情况下进行三种阀的关闭实验和在三种初始流量、三种管长情况下进行管路切换实验，对这些条下阀调节引起的系统瞬变进行实验研究。如此全面的阀调节全系统瞬变实验研究在国内尚属首次。
2 计算研究。用特征线法对三种初始流量、三种管长关阀实验时泵系统瞬变计算，得到系统的瞬变工况特性。
3 系统瞬变特性和影响因素。阀调节会引起系统发生瞬变。阀的特性、初始工况、管长和调节方式对泵的瞬变特性有影响，而且影响各不相同。
Valve adjustment is a indispensably sector for pump system running, and it will bring transient flow to the system under some conditions. Aimed at pump system, this article investigates the transient characteristics and the influencing factors of the whole system by means of experiment and numerical calculation. The main method and conclusions go as following:
1 Experimental investigation. Experiments were carried with under the conditions that involve three initial rates of flow, three kinds of conduit lengths jnd three sorts of valve, and the transient characteristics brought by valve adjusting were studied. For the first time does there have such an overall transient flow investigation of the whole system under valve adjusting condition.
2 Numerical calculation. The article calculates the transient of the pump system with three initial rates of flow and three kinds of pipe length by use of the characteristic method, and obtains the system's transient characteristics.
3 Transient characteristics and factor. Valve adjusting will bring transient flow to the system. Valves in the system, initial conditions, the length of the conduits and the adjusting method all affect the transient characteristics of the pump system, and the
influences differ form each other.
引文
[1] Anderson A, Menabrea's Note on Waterhammer, 1958, ASCE Journal of the Hydraulics Division, 1976, 102(HY1)
[2] Allievi L, the Theory of Waterhammer, English Translation by Halmos E E, ASME, New York, 1925
[3] Bergeron L, Study on the steady-state Variation in Water-filled conduits , General Graphical Solution , Revue General de L'Hydraulique, 1935, 1(1)
[4] Evangelisti G, Waterhammer Analysis by the Method of Characteristics, Li Energ.Elec, VolXLVI, No 10,11, Milan, 1969
[5] Steeter V L, Waterhammer Analysis, ASCE,Journal of the Hydralics Division, 1969, 95(HY6)
[6] Tijsseling A S,Vardy AE&Fan D,Fluid Structure Interaction in a T-pipe, Journal of Fluids and Structure, 1996,10
[7] Tijsseling A S,Vardy AE&Fan D,Fluid Structure Interation and Caviation in a Single-elbow Pipe System, Journal of Fluids and Structure, 1996,10
[8] Lavooij C S W&Tijsseling A S,Fluid-structure Interraction Liquid-filled Piping Systems, Journal of fluids and Structure, 1991,5
[9] Kruisbrink A C H&Heinxbroek A G JFluid-structure Interaction in Non-rigid Pipeline System-large Scale Validation Test,Proc.of the Int. Louf. on Pipeline SystemsBHRG,Manchester,March,1992
[10] 张立翔等，弱约束管道系统水锤研究与进展，水动力学研究与
进展，A辑，Vol 14，No．1，1999．3
[11] 蒋劲，刘光临等，气穴瞬变基本方程特征根问题研究，华中理工大学报，Vol 25，No 8，1997．8
[12] 于永海等，有压瞬变流反问题研究综述，水利水电科技进展，Vol 20，NO 5，2000．10
[13] 金玲琴，水锤特征线法的一种等距计算格式，水动力学研究与进展，Vol 12，NO 2，1997．6
[14] 马素霞，阎庆绂等，截留在管道中气体引起的瞬变流动，第十三届全国水动力学研究与进展研讨会，贵阳，1999．10
[15] Ma Su Xia, Li Xin, Yah QingFu, Transient Characteristics of Condensate System of a Power Plant, ACFM-8 December 6—10, 1999, Shen Zhen, China.
[17] Marchal M G Flesh and P Suter, The calculation of Waterhammer Problems by Means of the Digital Computer, Proc. int. symp, waterhammer pumped storage projects, ASME, Chicago, Nov. 1965
[18] Steeter V L and E B Wylie, Transient Analysis of Offshore Loading System, J. of Eng. For industry, Trans, ASME, Vol 97, See.B, No 1, Feb. 1975
[19] Donsky Benjamin, Complete Pump Characteristics and the Effects of Specific Speeds on Hydraulic Transients, J. Basic Eng. ASME, Dec. 1961
[20] Linton P, Note on Pressure Surge Calcalation by the Graphical Method Pump Stoppage after Power Failure, K. J. Enver. BHRA. Fluid Eng. TN447, Aug. 1972
[21] Sheer T J, R J Baasch and M S Gibbs, Computer Analysis of Waterhammer in pumping Systems, the south African Mech.Eng, Vol 23, No 7, July 1973
[22] 李欣，火电厂凝结水系统瞬变工况特性研究，太原理工大学硕士学位论文，2001．3
[23] 蒋劲，确定泵系统阀门最优关闭程序的 VS 方法研究，武汉水利水电大学学报，1994(5)
[24] 刘光临等，泵系统水锤最优阀调节研究，流体工程，1992．5
[25] 靳思宇，阎庆绂等，自激振荡流动的基本模式形态，太原理工大学学报，Vol 32，NO 6，2001
[26] 吴望一，流体力学，北京大学出版社，1983
[27] 孔珑，工程流体力学，中国电力出版社，1995
[28] 吴持恭，水力学，高等教育出版社，1998
[29] 郭立君，泵与风机，水利电力出版社，1986
[30] [美]E B怀利，V L斯特里特，瞬变流，水利电力出版社
[31] 陈材侃，计算流体力学，重庆出版社，1992
[32] 苏铭德等，计算流体力学基础，清华大学出版社，1997
[33] 孙祥海等，计算流体力学导论，上海交通大学出版社，1987
[34] 华中工学院数学教研室，工程数学、算法语言、计算方法，高等教育出版社，1985
[2] Allievi L, the Theory of Waterhammer, English Translation by Halmos E E, ASME, New York, 1925
[3] Bergeron L, Study on the steady-state Variation in Water-filled conduits , General Graphical Solution , Revue General de L'Hydraulique, 1935, 1(1)
[4] Evangelisti G, Waterhammer Analysis by the Method of Characteristics, Li Energ.Elec, VolXLVI, No 10,11, Milan, 1969
[5] Steeter V L, Waterhammer Analysis, ASCE,Journal of the Hydralics Division, 1969, 95(HY6)
[6] Tijsseling A S,Vardy AE&Fan D,Fluid Structure Interaction in a T-pipe, Journal of Fluids and Structure, 1996,10
[7] Tijsseling A S,Vardy AE&Fan D,Fluid Structure Interation and Caviation in a Single-elbow Pipe System, Journal of Fluids and Structure, 1996,10
[8] Lavooij C S W&Tijsseling A S,Fluid-structure Interraction Liquid-filled Piping Systems, Journal of fluids and Structure, 1991,5
[9] Kruisbrink A C H&Heinxbroek A G JFluid-structure Interaction in Non-rigid Pipeline System-large Scale Validation Test,Proc.of the Int. Louf. on Pipeline SystemsBHRG,Manchester,March,1992
[10] 张立翔等，弱约束管道系统水锤研究与进展，水动力学研究与
进展，A辑，Vol 14，No．1，1999．3
[11] 蒋劲，刘光临等，气穴瞬变基本方程特征根问题研究，华中理工大学报，Vol 25，No 8，1997．8
[12] 于永海等，有压瞬变流反问题研究综述，水利水电科技进展，Vol 20，NO 5，2000．10
[13] 金玲琴，水锤特征线法的一种等距计算格式，水动力学研究与进展，Vol 12，NO 2，1997．6
[14] 马素霞，阎庆绂等，截留在管道中气体引起的瞬变流动，第十三届全国水动力学研究与进展研讨会，贵阳，1999．10
[15] Ma Su Xia, Li Xin, Yah QingFu, Transient Characteristics of Condensate System of a Power Plant, ACFM-8 December 6—10, 1999, Shen Zhen, China.
[17] Marchal M G Flesh and P Suter, The calculation of Waterhammer Problems by Means of the Digital Computer, Proc. int. symp, waterhammer pumped storage projects, ASME, Chicago, Nov. 1965
[18] Steeter V L and E B Wylie, Transient Analysis of Offshore Loading System, J. of Eng. For industry, Trans, ASME, Vol 97, See.B, No 1, Feb. 1975
[19] Donsky Benjamin, Complete Pump Characteristics and the Effects of Specific Speeds on Hydraulic Transients, J. Basic Eng. ASME, Dec. 1961
[20] Linton P, Note on Pressure Surge Calcalation by the Graphical Method Pump Stoppage after Power Failure, K. J. Enver. BHRA. Fluid Eng. TN447, Aug. 1972
[21] Sheer T J, R J Baasch and M S Gibbs, Computer Analysis of Waterhammer in pumping Systems, the south African Mech.Eng, Vol 23, No 7, July 1973
[22] 李欣，火电厂凝结水系统瞬变工况特性研究，太原理工大学硕士学位论文，2001．3
[23] 蒋劲，确定泵系统阀门最优关闭程序的 VS 方法研究，武汉水利水电大学学报，1994(5)
[24] 刘光临等，泵系统水锤最优阀调节研究，流体工程，1992．5
[25] 靳思宇，阎庆绂等，自激振荡流动的基本模式形态，太原理工大学学报，Vol 32，NO 6，2001
[26] 吴望一，流体力学，北京大学出版社，1983
[27] 孔珑，工程流体力学，中国电力出版社，1995
[28] 吴持恭，水力学，高等教育出版社，1998
[29] 郭立君，泵与风机，水利电力出版社，1986
[30] [美]E B怀利，V L斯特里特，瞬变流，水利电力出版社
[31] 陈材侃，计算流体力学，重庆出版社，1992
[32] 苏铭德等，计算流体力学基础，清华大学出版社，1997
[33] 孙祥海等，计算流体力学导论，上海交通大学出版社，1987
[34] 华中工学院数学教研室，工程数学、算法语言、计算方法，高等教育出版社，1985