DC1500V三轨供电系统直流馈线保护研究
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摘要
随着国民经济的快速发展,城市交通问题日益突出,发展以地铁为代表的城市轨道交通系统成为解决城市交通拥堵问题的最佳方案。地铁牵引供电系统采用DC1500V三轨供电方式,既可节约建设资金,又可降低运营维护成本,成为了地铁发展的新方向。继电保护是供电系统组成和保障供电系统安全可靠运行的重要组成部分,目前,我国使用的DC1500V三轨供电保护系统主要依赖于国外厂家,因此在分析直流牵引供电系统短路故障的基础上,研究其保护策略和配置整定,具有十分重要的实际意义。
本文分析了DC1500V三轨牵引供电系统的基本原理与结构以及接地系统组成,分析了系统运行过程中可能发生的直流短路故障—金属性短路故障和非金属性短路故障,讨论了地铁直流牵引供电系统常用主保护以及后备保护的基本原理及动作特性。基于对整流机组外特性以及轴向分裂式整流变压器特性的分析,以实际算例阐述了如何运用整流机组的外特性曲线计算直流短路故障稳态短路电流的方法。
利用Matlab/Simulink工具,建立了地铁直流牵引变电所24脉波整流机组仿真模型,在此基础上,对某条实际运行的采用DC1500V三轨供电方式的地铁线路进行了不同故障工况下的短路故障仿真分析。对采用直线牵引电机的地铁机车起动、过三轨断口两种工况时的暂态电流加以仿真,结合给出的大电流脱扣保护与di/dt+△I保护这两种主保护的整定原则,对其中某段运行区间的大电流脱扣保护与di/dt+△I保护参数予以整定,并验证了保护配置的正确性与合理性。
With the rapid development of China's economy, the situation of urban traffic jam has been a more and more serious problem; therefore, the best way to resolve the urban traffic jam is developing the city railway greatly, for instance, metro. The power supply form of DC1500V third rail has been a new direction of metro development for its advantages of decreasing construction investment as well as operation & maintenance cost. The relay protection system plays an important role of metro traction power supply in assuring its safe operation. At present, the protection equipments for domestic DC1500V third rail traction power system are mainly imported from foreign countries, therefore, it is necessary to research protection ways and parameters based on the analysis of DC short circuit faults in traction power supply system.
In this paper, the basic principle, structure and grounding of DC1500V third rail traction power supply system are analyzed, and the DC short circuit faults including metallic faults and nonmetallic faults which are probably occurred during its operation process are also analyzed Then the fundamental and characteristic of main protections and backup protections in common use for metro traction power system are discussed in the thesis. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of rectifier and traction rectifier transformer with axial split structure, the calculation method of DC stable short circuit current depending on rectifier characteristic is given through project example.
24-Pulse traction rectifiers in metro DC traction substations and short circuit faults under different work conditions of a certain metro project adopting DC1500V third rail power supply form are simulated by Matlab/Simulink. Then the transient starting and passing third rail fracture currents of metro locomotive equipping with line motors are simulated in the thesis. Associating with the setting principles of IDS and DDL protections, IDS and DDL parameters are set in a certain operation section and the results show the setting is correct and rational.
本文分析了DC1500V三轨牵引供电系统的基本原理与结构以及接地系统组成,分析了系统运行过程中可能发生的直流短路故障—金属性短路故障和非金属性短路故障,讨论了地铁直流牵引供电系统常用主保护以及后备保护的基本原理及动作特性。基于对整流机组外特性以及轴向分裂式整流变压器特性的分析,以实际算例阐述了如何运用整流机组的外特性曲线计算直流短路故障稳态短路电流的方法。
利用Matlab/Simulink工具,建立了地铁直流牵引变电所24脉波整流机组仿真模型,在此基础上,对某条实际运行的采用DC1500V三轨供电方式的地铁线路进行了不同故障工况下的短路故障仿真分析。对采用直线牵引电机的地铁机车起动、过三轨断口两种工况时的暂态电流加以仿真,结合给出的大电流脱扣保护与di/dt+△I保护这两种主保护的整定原则,对其中某段运行区间的大电流脱扣保护与di/dt+△I保护参数予以整定,并验证了保护配置的正确性与合理性。
With the rapid development of China's economy, the situation of urban traffic jam has been a more and more serious problem; therefore, the best way to resolve the urban traffic jam is developing the city railway greatly, for instance, metro. The power supply form of DC1500V third rail has been a new direction of metro development for its advantages of decreasing construction investment as well as operation & maintenance cost. The relay protection system plays an important role of metro traction power supply in assuring its safe operation. At present, the protection equipments for domestic DC1500V third rail traction power system are mainly imported from foreign countries, therefore, it is necessary to research protection ways and parameters based on the analysis of DC short circuit faults in traction power supply system.
In this paper, the basic principle, structure and grounding of DC1500V third rail traction power supply system are analyzed, and the DC short circuit faults including metallic faults and nonmetallic faults which are probably occurred during its operation process are also analyzed Then the fundamental and characteristic of main protections and backup protections in common use for metro traction power system are discussed in the thesis. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of rectifier and traction rectifier transformer with axial split structure, the calculation method of DC stable short circuit current depending on rectifier characteristic is given through project example.
24-Pulse traction rectifiers in metro DC traction substations and short circuit faults under different work conditions of a certain metro project adopting DC1500V third rail power supply form are simulated by Matlab/Simulink. Then the transient starting and passing third rail fracture currents of metro locomotive equipping with line motors are simulated in the thesis. Associating with the setting principles of IDS and DDL protections, IDS and DDL parameters are set in a certain operation section and the results show the setting is correct and rational.
引文
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[2]王艇.地铁直流牵引供电保护技术与系统实现[D].江苏大学硕士学位论文.2006:2.
[3]贺家李.电力系统继电保护技术的现状与发展[J].中国电力.1999,32(10):38-40.
[4]王宏.地铁牵引供电系统直流馈线保护[J].电气化铁道.2002(4).
[5]张华英.地铁直流牵引供电系统配合的探讨[J].电气化铁道.2001(3).
[6]刘臻,丁光发.直流馈线DDL保护参数的设定[J].城市快轨交通.2005,18(4).
[7]于喜林.DDL保护在直流牵引供电系统中的应用[J].电气化铁道.2004(3).
[8]王晓红.地铁直流馈线保护研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2002.
[9]王立天.关于地铁系统地网接地电阻值的分析[J].电气化铁道.2002(2):42.
[10]李玉萍.浅谈地铁施工中再生制动能量消耗装置的作用[J].建筑与工程.2007(16):126.
[11]徐劲松,高劲,江平等.浅析地铁直流牵引变电所的保护原理[J].电气化铁道.2003(6):44.
[12]王晓保.钢轨电位限制装置与框架保护关系的分析[J].城市轨道交通研究.2003(6):56-58.
[13]丘玉蓉,田胜利.地铁直流1500V开关柜框架泄漏保护探讨[J].电力系统自动化.2001(7):64-65.
[14]王景涛,谢伟梁,刘平.城市轨道直流系统双边联跳装置的原理与调试[J].电气化铁道.2001(1):16-17.
[15]范巧莲.直流电缆绝缘监察保护原理及在地铁中的应用[J].电气化铁道.2004(4):30-32.
[16]田胜利.城市轨道交通1500V 24脉波整流器整流管配置分析[J].现代城市轨道交通.2005(1):18.
[17]Paolo Pozzobon.Transient and Steady-State Short-Circuit Currents in Rectifiers for DC Traction Supply[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.1998,47(4).1393-1396.
[18]李良威,李群湛,刘炜.24脉波整流器外特性仿真及其在城市轨道交通中的应用[J].城市轨道交通研究.2007(10):54.
[19]王念同,魏雪亮.轴向双分列式12脉波牵引整流变压器均衡电流的分析计算(上)[J].变压器.2000,37(3):2.
[20]贺威俊,高仕斌,张淑群等.电力牵引供变电技术[M].西南交通大学出版社,1998:262.
[21]孔玮.城市轨道交通直流牵引系统故障分析及若干问题的研究[D].华北电力大学工学博士学位论文.2005:45-46.
[22]李良威.城市轨道交通直流侧短路故障研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2007:61.
[23]叶云岳.直线电机原理与应用[M].机械工业出版社,2002:59.
[24]吴守箴.电气传动的脉宽调制控制技术[M].机械工业出版社,1995:45-50.
[25]马沂文,白秀梅.城市轨道交通供电接触网类型的比较[J].城市轨道交通研究.2003(1).
[26]黄德胜.地铁牵引供电系统保护[J].城市快轨交通.2005,18(6).
[27]丁丽娜,韩红彬.地铁直流牵引供电馈线保护方法研究[J].现代电子技术.2005(5).
[28]董斌.地铁直流牵引供电系统中的di/dt+ΔI保护[J].机车电传动.2003(3).
[29]朱德敏,王纯伟,赵明.框架泄漏保护装置的应用与分析[J].电气化铁道.2004(3).
[30]王景涛,谢伟梁,刘平.城市轨道直流系统双边联跳装置的原理与调试[J].电气化铁道.2001(1).
[31]陈穗九.广州地铁车辆的技术特点[J].电力机车与城轨车辆.2006,29(3).
[32]Bih-Yuan Ku.Simulation and Emulation of Rapid Transit DC Short Circuit Current[C].Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE/ASME Joint Rail Conference,2003.
[33]Wang Xiaohong,Li Qunzhan,Chen Xiaochuan.The Research on Main Protection for DC Feeder Line of Subway[C].Proceedings of the 2nd Internation Workshop on Autonomous Decentralized System,2002.
[34]J.C Brown,J.Allan,B.Mellitt.Calculation of remote short circuit fault currents for DC railways[J].IEE Proceedings-B.1992,139(4).
[35]Kongwei,Qinlijun,Yangqixun.DC Side Short Circuit Transient Simulation of DC Traction Power Supply System[C].2004 International Conference on Power System Technology,Singapore,2004.
[36]C.S.Chang,A.Khambadkone,Zhao Xu.Modelilng and Simulation of DC Transit System with VSI-fed Induction Motor Driven Train Using PSB/MATLAB[C].IEEE PEDS,Indonesia,2001.
[37]J.C.Brown,J.Allan,B.Mellitt.Six-pulse Three-phase Rectifier Bridge Models for Calculating Closeup and Remote Short Circuit Transients on DC Supplied Railways[J].IEE PROCEDINGS-B.1991,138(6).
[38]J.C Brown,J.Allan,B.Mellitt.Calculation and Measurement of Rail Impedances Applicable to Remote Short-circuit Fault Currents[J].IEE Proc.B,Electr.Power Appl.1992,139(4).
[39]郑沃奇.广州地铁四号线直线电机车辆牵引系统[J].电力机车与城轨车辆.2007,30(1).
[40]吴天明,谢小竹,彭彬.MATLAB电力系统设计与分析[M].国防工业出版社,2004.
[41]王曰凡.上海地铁车辆[J].电力机车技术.2001,24(3).
[42]谢昌富.深圳地铁牵引供电系统抗短路性能研究[J].机车电传动.2007(1).
[43]丁光发.线路测试及自动重合闸原理[J].城市公共交通.2004(5).
[44]王忠礼,段慧达,高玉峰.MATLAB应用技术-在电气工程与自动化专业中的应用[M].清华大学出版社,2007.
[45]Kyung Suk Oh.Accurate Transient Simulation of Transmission Lines with the Skin Effect[J].IEEE Transactions.2000,19(3).
[46]Yii-shen Tzeng,Nanming Chen,Ruan-nan Wu.Models of Parallel-connected 12-pulse Uncontrolled Bridge Rectifiers without an Interphase Transformer[J].IEEE Transactions on Industria Electronics.1997,44(3).
[47]李群湛.城市轨道交通供电[M].西南交通大学出版社,2005.
[48]Wilsun Xu,John E.Drakos,Yakout Mansour.A Three-phase Converter Model for Harmonic Analysis of HVDC Systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.1994,9(3).
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