喇嘛甸油田北东块后续水驱调整方法研究
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摘要
喇嘛甸油田北东块聚合物区，2001年1月，全区聚合物用量已达方案设计的570PV·mg／L，但由于该区块葡I1-2油层厚度大，渗透率高，油层平面发育和空间展布变化较大，且经过二十多年水驱开发后再经过聚驱开发，油层平面和纵向的非均质更为严重，如采用常规方法进行后续水驱，区块含水上升速度较快，部分剩余储量将未得到较好的动用。因此，开展该区块后续水驱的时机以及后续水驱的方法方面的研究，具有重要意义。
本文对北东块聚合物驱后续水驱前开发效果进行了评价，对后续水驱前剩余油分布进行了分析，在此基础上，确定了后续水驱开展时机进行，并提出了有效的后续水驱方法，并对后续水驱效果进行了技术经济评价。
在研究成果基础上，开展了后续水驱时机及后续水驱方法的研究，认为，北东块聚合物驱转入后续水驱时机应该是在油井含水率大于92％以后，后续水驱应该按照油井含水率高低分批进行。提出的后续水驱方法主要包括：后续水驱前，适当增加聚合物用量；在注聚后期，对含水相对降低的井组，在最佳经济效益的基础上，开展不同浓度段塞的注入；后续水驱阶段，低速注入以控制无效注采；对注采井间隔层稳定的注入井分层，采油井封培特高含水层，有效控制无效注采循环；对层内剩余油，注入井深度“堵、调”和油井“深堵、深调”措施，提高差油层的动用程度；利用压力高的条件，后续水驱阶段可进行周期注水，挖掘层内剩余油；进行注采系统调整，抽稀井网，挖掘井网滞留剩余油。同时确定了分层注入、调剖、周期注水、抽稀井网注采系统调整、降低注入速度和油井堵水等调整方法的实施时机。经济评价表明，总投入产出比为1：8.15，经济效果较好。
On January 2001, the northeast block of Polymer region in La ma-dian oil field, the polymer amount used in entire area has reached 570PV ·mg/L of the project designed But because of the big thickness, high permeability of Pu 11-2 in this block, big change in plane growth and the spatial mop of oil layer, and the use of polymer flooding after more than 20 years water flooding development, the aeolotropism of oil layer in plane and longitudinal direction become more serious, such as using the conventional method to carry on the following water flooding, the water cut ascending velocity is faster, the remaining reserves have not obtained use well. Therefore, developing a research on the opportunity as well as the method of the follow-up water flooding of this block has a vital significance.
This article evaluated the developing effect prior to the following water flooding after polymer slug of northern east block, analyzed the distribution of residual oil before the follow-up water flooding, in this foundation, determined the development opportunity of the follow-up water flooding, and proposed the effective methods, moreover, proceeded the technical economic evaluation to the follow-up water flooding effect
On the basis of the research results, an investigation on the opportunity and methods of follow-up water flooding was developed, considering that the opportunity that north east block polymer drive changes to the following water flooding was supposed to be the time when the water cut of oil well is bigger than 92% and the following water flooding should proceed according to the water cut of oil well. The proposed methods of following water flooding include: prior to following water flooding, suitable increase the polymer amount; in the later period of polymer injection, for those well groups whose water cut decrease relatively, on the base of best economic efficiency, develop the slug injection at different concentrations; in the period of the following water flooding, injection with low speed so as to control invalid injection-production; for injection well laying of permanent injector producer interval zone, production well blocks off high water cut zone, effectively governing invalid injection/production circulation; for internal residual oil, the measures on the depth of injection with "block and profile" and oil well with "deep block and profile" are used, increasing producing degree of poor reservoir; internal residual oil is produced, using the condition of high pressure and periodical injection in sequent water flooding phase; retention residual oil in well network is also produced through the regulation of
本文对北东块聚合物驱后续水驱前开发效果进行了评价，对后续水驱前剩余油分布进行了分析，在此基础上，确定了后续水驱开展时机进行，并提出了有效的后续水驱方法，并对后续水驱效果进行了技术经济评价。
在研究成果基础上，开展了后续水驱时机及后续水驱方法的研究，认为，北东块聚合物驱转入后续水驱时机应该是在油井含水率大于92％以后，后续水驱应该按照油井含水率高低分批进行。提出的后续水驱方法主要包括：后续水驱前，适当增加聚合物用量；在注聚后期，对含水相对降低的井组，在最佳经济效益的基础上，开展不同浓度段塞的注入；后续水驱阶段，低速注入以控制无效注采；对注采井间隔层稳定的注入井分层，采油井封培特高含水层，有效控制无效注采循环；对层内剩余油，注入井深度“堵、调”和油井“深堵、深调”措施，提高差油层的动用程度；利用压力高的条件，后续水驱阶段可进行周期注水，挖掘层内剩余油；进行注采系统调整，抽稀井网，挖掘井网滞留剩余油。同时确定了分层注入、调剖、周期注水、抽稀井网注采系统调整、降低注入速度和油井堵水等调整方法的实施时机。经济评价表明，总投入产出比为1：8.15，经济效果较好。
On January 2001, the northeast block of Polymer region in La ma-dian oil field, the polymer amount used in entire area has reached 570PV ·mg/L of the project designed But because of the big thickness, high permeability of Pu 11-2 in this block, big change in plane growth and the spatial mop of oil layer, and the use of polymer flooding after more than 20 years water flooding development, the aeolotropism of oil layer in plane and longitudinal direction become more serious, such as using the conventional method to carry on the following water flooding, the water cut ascending velocity is faster, the remaining reserves have not obtained use well. Therefore, developing a research on the opportunity as well as the method of the follow-up water flooding of this block has a vital significance.
This article evaluated the developing effect prior to the following water flooding after polymer slug of northern east block, analyzed the distribution of residual oil before the follow-up water flooding, in this foundation, determined the development opportunity of the follow-up water flooding, and proposed the effective methods, moreover, proceeded the technical economic evaluation to the follow-up water flooding effect
On the basis of the research results, an investigation on the opportunity and methods of follow-up water flooding was developed, considering that the opportunity that north east block polymer drive changes to the following water flooding was supposed to be the time when the water cut of oil well is bigger than 92% and the following water flooding should proceed according to the water cut of oil well. The proposed methods of following water flooding include: prior to following water flooding, suitable increase the polymer amount; in the later period of polymer injection, for those well groups whose water cut decrease relatively, on the base of best economic efficiency, develop the slug injection at different concentrations; in the period of the following water flooding, injection with low speed so as to control invalid injection-production; for injection well laying of permanent injector producer interval zone, production well blocks off high water cut zone, effectively governing invalid injection/production circulation; for internal residual oil, the measures on the depth of injection with "block and profile" and oil well with "deep block and profile" are used, increasing producing degree of poor reservoir; internal residual oil is produced, using the condition of high pressure and periodical injection in sequent water flooding phase; retention residual oil in well network is also produced through the regulation of
引文
[1] 郭万奎，等．大庆油田首次聚合物驱油工业矿场试验设计与实施[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，2001：15-25
[2] 王志武，等．三次采油技术及矿场应用[M]．上海：上海交通大学出版社，1995：1-3
[3] 芦文生．绥中36-1油田聚合物驱数值模拟研究[J]．中国海上油气(地质)，2002，16(5)：333-340
[4] 戴秀梅．聚合物段塞的数值模拟研究[J]．油气地质与采收率，2002，9(3)：19-20
[5] 徐罗滨，张伟，唐文峰，等．聚合物驱油数值漠拟中的参数敏感性分析[J]．大庆石油地质与开发，2003，22(6)：65-66
[6] 陈福明．聚合物驱开采指标测算方法研究[J]．大庆石油地质与开发，1999，18(2)：33-37
[7] 孔祥亭．聚合物驱开发规划指标预测方法研究[J]．大庆石油地质与开发，2001，20(5)：46-49
[8] 王兴峰．三次采油指标预测及开发最优接替模型研究[J]．石油学报，2001，22(5)：43-46
[9] 罗洪，余启泰．用增长曲线一体化法预测水驱油田开发指标[J]．断块油气田，2001，8(3)：19-24
[10] 陈志刚，贾黎，等．油田开发指标的组合预测方法[J]．新疆石油地质，2002，23(2)：160-162
[11] 田晓东，徐延平．水驱油田基于液量的分结构开发指标预测方法[J]．大庆石油地质与开发，2002，21(3)：35-37
[12] 赵国忠，等．聚合物驱含水率的神经网络预测方法[J]．石油学报，2004，25(1)：70-73
[13] 余启泰．使用水驱特征曲线应重视的几个问题[J]．新疆石油地质，2000，21(1)：58-61
[14] 吴晓伟，史有刚，于秋霞，等．分形理论在油田开发指标预测中的应用[J]．断块油气田，2004，11(3)：42-44
[15] 王海应，张昌维．利用灰色理论预测油田开发指标[J]．新疆石油学院学报，2004，16(3)：27-31
[16] 陈玲，冯其红，等．BP网络方法在油田措施规划中的应用[J]．石油勘探与开发，2002，29(3)：78-80
[17] 陈元千．油气藏工程计算方法[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，1994．20-100
[18] 计秉玉．对大庆油田进一步开展三次采油技术研究工作的几点意见[J]．大庆石油地质与开发，2003，22(6)：60-62
[19] 王新海，韩大匡．聚合物驱油机理的应用[J]．石油学报，1994，15(1)：83-91
[20] 赵永胜，魏国章，陆会民，等．聚合物驱能否提高驱油效率的几点认识[J]．石油学报，2001，22(3)：43-46
[21] 夏惠芬，王德民，侯吉瑞，等．聚合物溶液的粘弹性对驱油效率的影响[J]．大庆石油学院院报，2002，26(2)：109-111
[22] 黄修平，等．不同油层条件对聚合物驱油效果的影响[J]．大庆石油地质与开发，2000，19(3)：15-17
[23] 王德民，程杰成，杨清彦，等．粘弹性聚合物溶液能提高岩心的微观驱油效率[J]．石油学报，2000，21(5)：45～51
[24] 贾振歧．油田开发设计基础与分析方法[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，1994：50-90
[25] 夏惠芬，王德民，刘中春，等．粘弹性聚合物溶液提高微观驱油效率的机理研究[J]．石油学报，2001，22(4)：60～65
[26] 夏惠芬，王德民，等．聚合物溶液的粘弹性实验[J]．大庆石油学院学报，2002，26(2)：105～108
[27] 肖伟，石成方，王凤兰，等．聚合物驱油计算理论方法[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，2004．10-16
[28] Stone, H. L. and Garder, A. O., Jr. (1961). Analysis of gas-cap or dissolved-gas reservoirs, Trans. SPE. Of AIME, 222, p. 92-104
[29] Stone, H. L. (1970). Probability model for estimating three-phase relative permeability, Trans. SPE. of AIME, 249, p. 214-218
[30] Coats, K. H., Dempsey, J. R. and Henderson, J. H. (1970). A new technique for determining reservoir description from field performance data, Tran. SPE of AIME, 249, p.56-74
[31] Todd, M. R. and Longstaff, W. J. (1972). The development, testing and application of a numerical simulator for predicting miscible flood performance, Trans. SPE. of AIME, 253, p. 874-882
[32] Steffensen, R. J. and Sheffield, M. (1973). Reservoir simulation of a collapsing gas saturation requiring areal variation in bubble-point pressure, SPE 4275, 3rd Symposium on Numerical Simulation of Reservoir Performance, Houston
[33] Thomas, L. K., Lumpkin, W. B. and Reheis, G. M. (1976). Reservoir simulation of variable bubble-point problems, Trans, SPE of AIME, 261, p. 10-16
[34] Kazemi, H. (1975). A reservoir simulator for studying productivity variation and transient behavior of a well in a reservoir undergoing gas evolution, Trans. SPE of AIME, 261, p. 317-326
[35] Zaitoun A, Kohler N. The role of adsorption in polymer propagation through reservoir rocks. SPE16274, Feb. 1987: 59-62
[36] ZaitounA, Kohler N. Two-phase flow through porous media. Effect of an adsorbed polymer layer. SPE18085, 1988: 23-26
[37] SchneiderFN, OwensWW. Steady-state measurements of relative permeability for polymer/oil systems. SPE9408, 1982: 105-112
[38] DunlapDD, BolesJL, NovotnyRJ. Method for improving hydro carbon/water ratiosin producing wells.SPE14822, 1986: 67-75
[39] ZaitounA, KohlerN, GuerriniY. Improved polyacrylamide treatments for water controlling producing wells.JPT, July1991: 162-171
[40] Aronofsky, J. S. and Jenkins, R. (1954). A simplified analysis of unsteady radial gas flow, Trans. SPE of AIME, 201, p. 149-54
[41] Sheldon, J.W. ,Zondek, B. and Cardwell, W. T. (1959). One-dimensional, incompressible, non-capillary, two-phase fluid flow in a porous medium, Trans, SPE of AIME, 216, p. 290-296
[2] 王志武，等．三次采油技术及矿场应用[M]．上海：上海交通大学出版社，1995：1-3
[3] 芦文生．绥中36-1油田聚合物驱数值模拟研究[J]．中国海上油气(地质)，2002，16(5)：333-340
[4] 戴秀梅．聚合物段塞的数值模拟研究[J]．油气地质与采收率，2002，9(3)：19-20
[5] 徐罗滨，张伟，唐文峰，等．聚合物驱油数值漠拟中的参数敏感性分析[J]．大庆石油地质与开发，2003，22(6)：65-66
[6] 陈福明．聚合物驱开采指标测算方法研究[J]．大庆石油地质与开发，1999，18(2)：33-37
[7] 孔祥亭．聚合物驱开发规划指标预测方法研究[J]．大庆石油地质与开发，2001，20(5)：46-49
[8] 王兴峰．三次采油指标预测及开发最优接替模型研究[J]．石油学报，2001，22(5)：43-46
[9] 罗洪，余启泰．用增长曲线一体化法预测水驱油田开发指标[J]．断块油气田，2001，8(3)：19-24
[10] 陈志刚，贾黎，等．油田开发指标的组合预测方法[J]．新疆石油地质，2002，23(2)：160-162
[11] 田晓东，徐延平．水驱油田基于液量的分结构开发指标预测方法[J]．大庆石油地质与开发，2002，21(3)：35-37
[12] 赵国忠，等．聚合物驱含水率的神经网络预测方法[J]．石油学报，2004，25(1)：70-73
[13] 余启泰．使用水驱特征曲线应重视的几个问题[J]．新疆石油地质，2000，21(1)：58-61
[14] 吴晓伟，史有刚，于秋霞，等．分形理论在油田开发指标预测中的应用[J]．断块油气田，2004，11(3)：42-44
[15] 王海应，张昌维．利用灰色理论预测油田开发指标[J]．新疆石油学院学报，2004，16(3)：27-31
[16] 陈玲，冯其红，等．BP网络方法在油田措施规划中的应用[J]．石油勘探与开发，2002，29(3)：78-80
[17] 陈元千．油气藏工程计算方法[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，1994．20-100
[18] 计秉玉．对大庆油田进一步开展三次采油技术研究工作的几点意见[J]．大庆石油地质与开发，2003，22(6)：60-62
[19] 王新海，韩大匡．聚合物驱油机理的应用[J]．石油学报，1994，15(1)：83-91
[20] 赵永胜，魏国章，陆会民，等．聚合物驱能否提高驱油效率的几点认识[J]．石油学报，2001，22(3)：43-46
[21] 夏惠芬，王德民，侯吉瑞，等．聚合物溶液的粘弹性对驱油效率的影响[J]．大庆石油学院院报，2002，26(2)：109-111
[22] 黄修平，等．不同油层条件对聚合物驱油效果的影响[J]．大庆石油地质与开发，2000，19(3)：15-17
[23] 王德民，程杰成，杨清彦，等．粘弹性聚合物溶液能提高岩心的微观驱油效率[J]．石油学报，2000，21(5)：45～51
[24] 贾振歧．油田开发设计基础与分析方法[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，1994：50-90
[25] 夏惠芬，王德民，刘中春，等．粘弹性聚合物溶液提高微观驱油效率的机理研究[J]．石油学报，2001，22(4)：60～65
[26] 夏惠芬，王德民，等．聚合物溶液的粘弹性实验[J]．大庆石油学院学报，2002，26(2)：105～108
[27] 肖伟，石成方，王凤兰，等．聚合物驱油计算理论方法[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，2004．10-16
[28] Stone, H. L. and Garder, A. O., Jr. (1961). Analysis of gas-cap or dissolved-gas reservoirs, Trans. SPE. Of AIME, 222, p. 92-104
[29] Stone, H. L. (1970). Probability model for estimating three-phase relative permeability, Trans. SPE. of AIME, 249, p. 214-218
[30] Coats, K. H., Dempsey, J. R. and Henderson, J. H. (1970). A new technique for determining reservoir description from field performance data, Tran. SPE of AIME, 249, p.56-74
[31] Todd, M. R. and Longstaff, W. J. (1972). The development, testing and application of a numerical simulator for predicting miscible flood performance, Trans. SPE. of AIME, 253, p. 874-882
[32] Steffensen, R. J. and Sheffield, M. (1973). Reservoir simulation of a collapsing gas saturation requiring areal variation in bubble-point pressure, SPE 4275, 3rd Symposium on Numerical Simulation of Reservoir Performance, Houston
[33] Thomas, L. K., Lumpkin, W. B. and Reheis, G. M. (1976). Reservoir simulation of variable bubble-point problems, Trans, SPE of AIME, 261, p. 10-16
[34] Kazemi, H. (1975). A reservoir simulator for studying productivity variation and transient behavior of a well in a reservoir undergoing gas evolution, Trans. SPE of AIME, 261, p. 317-326
[35] Zaitoun A, Kohler N. The role of adsorption in polymer propagation through reservoir rocks. SPE16274, Feb. 1987: 59-62
[36] ZaitounA, Kohler N. Two-phase flow through porous media. Effect of an adsorbed polymer layer. SPE18085, 1988: 23-26
[37] SchneiderFN, OwensWW. Steady-state measurements of relative permeability for polymer/oil systems. SPE9408, 1982: 105-112
[38] DunlapDD, BolesJL, NovotnyRJ. Method for improving hydro carbon/water ratiosin producing wells.SPE14822, 1986: 67-75
[39] ZaitounA, KohlerN, GuerriniY. Improved polyacrylamide treatments for water controlling producing wells.JPT, July1991: 162-171
[40] Aronofsky, J. S. and Jenkins, R. (1954). A simplified analysis of unsteady radial gas flow, Trans. SPE of AIME, 201, p. 149-54
[41] Sheldon, J.W. ,Zondek, B. and Cardwell, W. T. (1959). One-dimensional, incompressible, non-capillary, two-phase fluid flow in a porous medium, Trans, SPE of AIME, 216, p. 290-296