大理百合组织培养和快速繁殖研究
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摘要
大理百合(Lilium taliense Franch.)属百合科(Liliaceae)百合属卷瓣组多年生草本植物,其花下垂,花被片反卷,白色而内具紫色斑点,花形花色非常美丽,极富观赏价值。本试验以大理百合的鳞叶、叶片、茎段、花器官为外植体,接种在附加6-BA、NAA、2,4-D等激素不同浓度和组合的培养基中进行离体培养,通过愈伤组织和不定芽诱导途径,研究了大理百合组培快繁的主要影响因子,着重探索了大理百合组织培养过程中最佳的外植体材料、培养基成分和培养方法,以建立大理百合的快速再生体系。结果如下:
(1)以大理百合的鳞叶、叶片、茎段、花被片、花托、花丝、子房为外植体,经过预培养和初代培养表明,鳞叶基部愈伤组织诱导能力最强;茎段和子房直接分化不定芽,但是子房不定芽在生长15d后全部玻璃化;叶片和花瓣只诱导出愈伤组织,无分化发生;花托、花丝既无愈伤组织产生,也无不定芽分化。因此,鳞叶和茎段为大理百合最佳组织培养外植体。
(2)以鳞叶为外植体,愈伤组织诱导适宜的培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L和MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L,诱导率分别是60.67%和64%;愈伤组织产生不定芽的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L,分化率为96.03%。以茎段为外植体,诱导分化不定芽的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L,无菌苗茎段节处分化腋芽和切口处分化不定芽的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA0.2mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L。
(3)不定芽适宜的增殖培养为1/2MS+NAA0.05mg/L。试管苗生根结鳞茎的培养基以1/4MS+NAA0.01+白砂糖45g/L最适宜,再生苗长势好,鳞茎健壮,根粗壮。不加NAA的再生苗也可生根,但是生根时间比加了NAA的试管苗要迟4～5d,且分化根的数量少。
Lilium taliense is one of perennial bulbous flowers,belonging to the liliaceae of lilium.The whole flower droop with Anti-Vol.perianth and its color is white with Purple spots,so it is very beautiful and have high ornamental value.In this study,we use the bulblets、pedicels、flower organ etc.as the explants,which are cultured in MS medium supplemented with different hormones,such as 6-BA、NAA、2,4-D etc.we have established the Lilium taliense's regeneration system by means of callus and adventitious buds induction and studied the major factors such as explant materials, medium components and training methods which influence the induction of callus and adventitious buds.The results are as follows:
(1)Using bulblets、leaves、stems、petals、receptacles、perianthes、ovaries as explants, after screening and early culture,we can see that:bulblet base and stem have the strongest renewable capacity;Leaves and petals only induced callus;Ovary directly induced adventitious buds,but in the growth of adventitious buds 15d all became glass;Receptacle and the filament without differentiation occurred.So,we celected bulblets and stems as the best induced explants.
(2)Using the scale leaves as explants,we find out the best differentiation callus medium is MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L and MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L.Differentiation rates are 60.67%and 64%.Adventitious buds differentiation medium is MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L, and induction rate is 96.03%.To stem explants,the best medium to induce adventitious buds is MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L.Aseptic Node medium is MS+6-BA0.2mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L.
(3)The appropriate medium for proliferation of adventitious buds is 1/2MS+NAA0.05 mg/L.The appropriate medium for roots and bulbs induction of Lilium taliense is 1/4MS+NAA0.01+refined sugar45%,regeneration plants grow well with robust bulbs,sturdy roots.The roots of regeneration plants can be induced without NAA,but the time is longer and the number of roots is limited.
(1)以大理百合的鳞叶、叶片、茎段、花被片、花托、花丝、子房为外植体,经过预培养和初代培养表明,鳞叶基部愈伤组织诱导能力最强;茎段和子房直接分化不定芽,但是子房不定芽在生长15d后全部玻璃化;叶片和花瓣只诱导出愈伤组织,无分化发生;花托、花丝既无愈伤组织产生,也无不定芽分化。因此,鳞叶和茎段为大理百合最佳组织培养外植体。
(2)以鳞叶为外植体,愈伤组织诱导适宜的培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L和MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L,诱导率分别是60.67%和64%;愈伤组织产生不定芽的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L,分化率为96.03%。以茎段为外植体,诱导分化不定芽的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L,无菌苗茎段节处分化腋芽和切口处分化不定芽的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA0.2mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L。
(3)不定芽适宜的增殖培养为1/2MS+NAA0.05mg/L。试管苗生根结鳞茎的培养基以1/4MS+NAA0.01+白砂糖45g/L最适宜,再生苗长势好,鳞茎健壮,根粗壮。不加NAA的再生苗也可生根,但是生根时间比加了NAA的试管苗要迟4～5d,且分化根的数量少。
Lilium taliense is one of perennial bulbous flowers,belonging to the liliaceae of lilium.The whole flower droop with Anti-Vol.perianth and its color is white with Purple spots,so it is very beautiful and have high ornamental value.In this study,we use the bulblets、pedicels、flower organ etc.as the explants,which are cultured in MS medium supplemented with different hormones,such as 6-BA、NAA、2,4-D etc.we have established the Lilium taliense's regeneration system by means of callus and adventitious buds induction and studied the major factors such as explant materials, medium components and training methods which influence the induction of callus and adventitious buds.The results are as follows:
(1)Using bulblets、leaves、stems、petals、receptacles、perianthes、ovaries as explants, after screening and early culture,we can see that:bulblet base and stem have the strongest renewable capacity;Leaves and petals only induced callus;Ovary directly induced adventitious buds,but in the growth of adventitious buds 15d all became glass;Receptacle and the filament without differentiation occurred.So,we celected bulblets and stems as the best induced explants.
(2)Using the scale leaves as explants,we find out the best differentiation callus medium is MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L and MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L.Differentiation rates are 60.67%and 64%.Adventitious buds differentiation medium is MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L, and induction rate is 96.03%.To stem explants,the best medium to induce adventitious buds is MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L.Aseptic Node medium is MS+6-BA0.2mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L.
(3)The appropriate medium for proliferation of adventitious buds is 1/2MS+NAA0.05 mg/L.The appropriate medium for roots and bulbs induction of Lilium taliense is 1/4MS+NAA0.01+refined sugar45%,regeneration plants grow well with robust bulbs,sturdy roots.The roots of regeneration plants can be induced without NAA,but the time is longer and the number of roots is limited.
引文
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