基于GIS技术的地籍管理系统
摘要
本文主要讨论了地理信息系统(GIS)技术的发展、特点及应用,并以盐城市城乡一体化地籍管理系统为例讲述了GIS技术在地籍管理系统中的应用。
本文着重介绍了盐城市城乡一体化地籍管理系统的系统目标、系统结构及系统功能,充分体现出了GIS技术如何与地籍管理业务紧密地结合在一起。
地理信息系统技术(GIS)在我国已经广泛应用,在资源环境及设施的管理和规划中发挥着日益重要的作用,并且逐步形成为一门新兴的信息产业。随着21世纪的来临,一个新型的信息社会和空间时代即将展现在人们面前,地理信息技术将在国民经济建设中将发挥更加重要、更加积极的作用。
Geographic Information System (GIS) has been widely used in China. It plays more and more important role in the management and planning of environment and equipment resources, and it is gradually evolving to be an innovative information industry. Looking forward to the 21st century, while a new digital society and cyberspace era is coming, Geographic Information System will play more important and active role in the national economic development than ever before.
Geographic Information System is the computer system which collects, stores, manages, analyzes, describes and utilizes data related to the whole or partial of earth’s surface, geospace and geographic distributing information. It is the synthetic composition of computer hardware, software, database and customer. Its main function is to collect, edit, manage, analyze, make statistics analyze and plot geospace data.
The implementation of the Cadastral Management Information System is the synthesis of database technology, network technology, GIS (Geographic Information System), system integration technology and other technologies. GIS based Cadastral Management Information System is the best choice of dealing with graphic processing and graphics-documents combination.
System features:
1 . The system database model supports a full set of topology characteristic, provides all the advantages of large database management and implements the real massive data management.
2.The system provides the time dimension concept, utilizes the optimized data structure and algorithm to manage the data of land and guarantees a highly efficient customer searching on the historical land information.
3.The system adopts the standard database structure of the Ministry of Land and Resources. It is easy to communicate the data with other operational systems of the Ministry of Land and Resources or other parties.
4.The system provides powerful updating tools, so that it is very easy for customers to do daily operation and cadastral data updates.
5.The system combines the C/S and B/S technologies and integrates the cadastral management with office automation flow efficiently.
Powerful technology support:
1.The system utilizes the world leading software ARC GIS as the GIS platform. It is the fusion product of many advanced main stream technologies, including COM groupware technology and object oriented secondary development environment; it provides long transaction management and version management; it utilizes the open standard and management method of the commercial RDBMS database. All these guarantee the technical advantage of our cadastral management system.
2.The system builds its data management on the large network database ORACLE. ORACLE is considered as the best database and has the biggest market share world wide. It supports increasing load requirement and provides the necessarily reliability, extensibility, security and easy of use on the massive GIS data. It provides redundant data protection and efficient data storage mechanism; therefore it allows the customers to retrieve information with high efficiency.
3.The system retrieves GIS data with the Spatial Databases Engine (SDE). It provides all supported customer with special data services; it continuously and seamlessly manages the large geographical element data; it also provides highly efficient data operation service on spatial or non-spatial data.
Application perspective:
1.Land management: This system uses the new technologies to make the land management more scientific and rational than before. It can advance the accuracy of land management data and makes the land management data easy to analysis.
2.Urban development: This system can effectively direct all kinds of urban developments by providing systematic information on location decision and optimization as well as construction management for major urban development proposals and projects.
3.Urban management: Cadastral Management Information System is management oriented; it can provide accurate and intuitive management data for all related institutions. It can help to realize the computerized information management and modernize the urban management.
4.Auxiliary Decision Making: This system can provide information on urban planning, development and management to support the scientific decision making process of the government.
The future development of the system:
1.We need gather and update new data while applying the system, continuously enrich the database contents; further coordinate and optimize data processing structure. We need further enhance the system integration level, advance the technology fusion of the computer network, database, GIS, RS and DSS; provide more powerful support on dynamic data updating, synthetic analyzing and decision making..
2.Internet based system. It is a trend to develop application systems with internet technologies. Web based GIS not only can be used by the government agencies, but also can be used to transmit the information to every household.
With the development and improvement of information technologies, especially the application of Internet/Intranet technology, Cadastral Management Information System will widely use Client/Server technology, CAD technology, OLAP technology, artificial intelligence and expert system technology. It will evolve from a simple data processing system to an intelligence process system. It will provide an important base for our country’s information development on“digital city”and“digital country”construction.
本文着重介绍了盐城市城乡一体化地籍管理系统的系统目标、系统结构及系统功能,充分体现出了GIS技术如何与地籍管理业务紧密地结合在一起。
地理信息系统技术(GIS)在我国已经广泛应用,在资源环境及设施的管理和规划中发挥着日益重要的作用,并且逐步形成为一门新兴的信息产业。随着21世纪的来临,一个新型的信息社会和空间时代即将展现在人们面前,地理信息技术将在国民经济建设中将发挥更加重要、更加积极的作用。
Geographic Information System (GIS) has been widely used in China. It plays more and more important role in the management and planning of environment and equipment resources, and it is gradually evolving to be an innovative information industry. Looking forward to the 21st century, while a new digital society and cyberspace era is coming, Geographic Information System will play more important and active role in the national economic development than ever before.
Geographic Information System is the computer system which collects, stores, manages, analyzes, describes and utilizes data related to the whole or partial of earth’s surface, geospace and geographic distributing information. It is the synthetic composition of computer hardware, software, database and customer. Its main function is to collect, edit, manage, analyze, make statistics analyze and plot geospace data.
The implementation of the Cadastral Management Information System is the synthesis of database technology, network technology, GIS (Geographic Information System), system integration technology and other technologies. GIS based Cadastral Management Information System is the best choice of dealing with graphic processing and graphics-documents combination.
System features:
1 . The system database model supports a full set of topology characteristic, provides all the advantages of large database management and implements the real massive data management.
2.The system provides the time dimension concept, utilizes the optimized data structure and algorithm to manage the data of land and guarantees a highly efficient customer searching on the historical land information.
3.The system adopts the standard database structure of the Ministry of Land and Resources. It is easy to communicate the data with other operational systems of the Ministry of Land and Resources or other parties.
4.The system provides powerful updating tools, so that it is very easy for customers to do daily operation and cadastral data updates.
5.The system combines the C/S and B/S technologies and integrates the cadastral management with office automation flow efficiently.
Powerful technology support:
1.The system utilizes the world leading software ARC GIS as the GIS platform. It is the fusion product of many advanced main stream technologies, including COM groupware technology and object oriented secondary development environment; it provides long transaction management and version management; it utilizes the open standard and management method of the commercial RDBMS database. All these guarantee the technical advantage of our cadastral management system.
2.The system builds its data management on the large network database ORACLE. ORACLE is considered as the best database and has the biggest market share world wide. It supports increasing load requirement and provides the necessarily reliability, extensibility, security and easy of use on the massive GIS data. It provides redundant data protection and efficient data storage mechanism; therefore it allows the customers to retrieve information with high efficiency.
3.The system retrieves GIS data with the Spatial Databases Engine (SDE). It provides all supported customer with special data services; it continuously and seamlessly manages the large geographical element data; it also provides highly efficient data operation service on spatial or non-spatial data.
Application perspective:
1.Land management: This system uses the new technologies to make the land management more scientific and rational than before. It can advance the accuracy of land management data and makes the land management data easy to analysis.
2.Urban development: This system can effectively direct all kinds of urban developments by providing systematic information on location decision and optimization as well as construction management for major urban development proposals and projects.
3.Urban management: Cadastral Management Information System is management oriented; it can provide accurate and intuitive management data for all related institutions. It can help to realize the computerized information management and modernize the urban management.
4.Auxiliary Decision Making: This system can provide information on urban planning, development and management to support the scientific decision making process of the government.
The future development of the system:
1.We need gather and update new data while applying the system, continuously enrich the database contents; further coordinate and optimize data processing structure. We need further enhance the system integration level, advance the technology fusion of the computer network, database, GIS, RS and DSS; provide more powerful support on dynamic data updating, synthetic analyzing and decision making..
2.Internet based system. It is a trend to develop application systems with internet technologies. Web based GIS not only can be used by the government agencies, but also can be used to transmit the information to every household.
With the development and improvement of information technologies, especially the application of Internet/Intranet technology, Cadastral Management Information System will widely use Client/Server technology, CAD technology, OLAP technology, artificial intelligence and expert system technology. It will evolve from a simple data processing system to an intelligence process system. It will provide an important base for our country’s information development on“digital city”and“digital country”construction.
引文
[1]修文群,池天河,城市地理信息系统,北京希望电子出版社,1999,1~78。
[2]房佩君等,地理信息系统(ARC/INFO)及其应用,同济大学出版社,2000,1~7。
[3]朱翊,空间数据的全关系化管理应用尝试,遥感信息,1999,(3):11~14。
[4]王卫安,王晓艳,用 Client/Server 数据库存储 GIS 图文数据,微型电脑应用,1999,(6):7~94。
[5]刘仁义,刘南,苏国中,基于 RDBMS 的空间数据管理模型及在土地产权产籍系统中的实现,中国图像图形学报,2000,5A(10):825~829。
[6]李满春,陈奇,周炎坤等,基本空间数据引擎的企业化 GIS 数据组织与处理,中国图象图形学报,2000,5A(3):179~185。
[7]宋关福,钟耳顺,刘纪远等。多源空间数据库无缝集成研究,地理科学进展,2000,19(2):110~115。
[8]冷允法,基于 GIS 的土地利用变更与时空动态分析,地理研究,1999,19(1):15~22。
[9]秦建新,地图可视化研究,地理研究,1999,18(增刊):136~142。
[10]马荣华,综合省情地理信息系统地理数据库的数据组织,地理研究,2001,21(3):364~370。
[11]张立峰,基于空间数据库的多媒体图形信息查询系统研究,地理研究,2002,21(3):365~370。
[12]郑景云,历史环境变化数据库建设与应用,地理研究,2002,21(2):146~151。
[13]樊志全,土地登记理论与方法,中国农业出版社,2003,45~259。
[14] 1998 年 8 月修订《中华人民共和国土地管理法》及 1998 年 12 月《中华人民共和国土地管理法实施条例》;
[15]江苏省土地管理局制定的《江苏省土地管理条例》;
[16]全国农业区划委员会 1984 年发布的《土地利用现状调查技术规程》;
[17]江苏省农业区划委员会 1985 年制定《江苏省土地利用现状调查补充规定》;
[18]国家土地管理局 1992 年制定《日常地籍管理办法》;
[19]国家土地管理局 1995 年制定《确定土地所有权和使用权的若干规定》;
[20]国家土地管理局 1995 年制定《土地登记规则》;
[21]江苏省国土资源厅《农村地籍管理信息系统工程建设验收暂行办法》;
[22]国土资源部关于印发试行《土地分类》的通知(国土资发[2001]255号);
[23] 2002 年国土资源部《全国土地分类(过渡期间适用)》。
[24]《县(市)级土地利用数据库标准》
[25]《县(市)级土地利用数据库建设成果检查验收办法》
[26]《县(市)级土地利用数据库建设技术规范》
[27]《县以上级行政区划编码》
[28]《土地利用更新调查技术规定》
[2]房佩君等,地理信息系统(ARC/INFO)及其应用,同济大学出版社,2000,1~7。
[3]朱翊,空间数据的全关系化管理应用尝试,遥感信息,1999,(3):11~14。
[4]王卫安,王晓艳,用 Client/Server 数据库存储 GIS 图文数据,微型电脑应用,1999,(6):7~94。
[5]刘仁义,刘南,苏国中,基于 RDBMS 的空间数据管理模型及在土地产权产籍系统中的实现,中国图像图形学报,2000,5A(10):825~829。
[6]李满春,陈奇,周炎坤等,基本空间数据引擎的企业化 GIS 数据组织与处理,中国图象图形学报,2000,5A(3):179~185。
[7]宋关福,钟耳顺,刘纪远等。多源空间数据库无缝集成研究,地理科学进展,2000,19(2):110~115。
[8]冷允法,基于 GIS 的土地利用变更与时空动态分析,地理研究,1999,19(1):15~22。
[9]秦建新,地图可视化研究,地理研究,1999,18(增刊):136~142。
[10]马荣华,综合省情地理信息系统地理数据库的数据组织,地理研究,2001,21(3):364~370。
[11]张立峰,基于空间数据库的多媒体图形信息查询系统研究,地理研究,2002,21(3):365~370。
[12]郑景云,历史环境变化数据库建设与应用,地理研究,2002,21(2):146~151。
[13]樊志全,土地登记理论与方法,中国农业出版社,2003,45~259。
[14] 1998 年 8 月修订《中华人民共和国土地管理法》及 1998 年 12 月《中华人民共和国土地管理法实施条例》;
[15]江苏省土地管理局制定的《江苏省土地管理条例》;
[16]全国农业区划委员会 1984 年发布的《土地利用现状调查技术规程》;
[17]江苏省农业区划委员会 1985 年制定《江苏省土地利用现状调查补充规定》;
[18]国家土地管理局 1992 年制定《日常地籍管理办法》;
[19]国家土地管理局 1995 年制定《确定土地所有权和使用权的若干规定》;
[20]国家土地管理局 1995 年制定《土地登记规则》;
[21]江苏省国土资源厅《农村地籍管理信息系统工程建设验收暂行办法》;
[22]国土资源部关于印发试行《土地分类》的通知(国土资发[2001]255号);
[23] 2002 年国土资源部《全国土地分类(过渡期间适用)》。
[24]《县(市)级土地利用数据库标准》
[25]《县(市)级土地利用数据库建设成果检查验收办法》
[26]《县(市)级土地利用数据库建设技术规范》
[27]《县以上级行政区划编码》
[28]《土地利用更新调查技术规定》