膨润土的改性及其对Cu～（2+）的吸附研究
摘要
吸附法因其操作简单、使用方便、效率高等优点,在废水处理中有很多应用。开发廉价、高效的吸附剂一直是研究的热点问题。在我国有丰富的膨润土资源,由于其独特的层状结构,具有很好的吸附性能。目前研究主要集中在有机改性膨润土对有机污染物的去除。但对膨润土原土吸附性能以及如何解决固液分离困难的问题的研究还很少。本文对膨润土原土及改性膨润土吸附Cu~(2+)进行了比较系统的研究,旨在通过膨润土的改性来解决固液难分离的问题。
论文第一部分详细研究了膨润土原土的吸附性能。研究结果表明,在膨润土用量为1.0g、Cu~(2+)浓度为100mg/L、振荡速度为140rpm、pH为5.20、温度为20℃、振荡时间为120min的最佳条件下,得到去除率为98.03%。动力学数据满足准二级动力学方程。初始阶段吸附受界面扩散控制,45min后吸附受粒子内扩散控制。Freundlich等温线模型与实验数据的符合程度比其他的等温线模型要好。吸附过程是一个自发的吸热过程,属于物理吸附,而且反应不可逆。吸附机理包括离子交换、表面络合和静电吸附。论文第二部分对膨润土进行改性研究,得出最佳改性条件,并应用在最佳改性条件下制备改性膨润土对Cu~(2+)进行了吸附性能的研究。实验结果表明,改性膨润土对Cu~(2+)具有良好的吸附性能。动力学数据满足准二级动力学方程。吸附受界面扩散和粒子内扩散控制,两种吸附过程同时进行。等温线满足Freundlich等温线模型。吸附过程是一个自发的吸热过程,属于物理吸附,而且反应不可逆。吸附机理包括离子交换、表面络合和静电吸附,与原土的吸附机理一致。
此研究对于膨润土在废水处理中的应用提供了一条新的途径。
Adsorption has already been used widely in treating wastewater because it is simple and efficient. The exploitation of the cheap and effective adsorption materials has attracted the interest of many scholars. Bentonite is abundant in our country. It has unique samdwich structure and powerful adsorption ability. At present, the study of appliance of bentonite is mostly about the adsorption of organic pollutants on organobentonite. But little study is done about the adsorption of nature bentonite and the problem of solid/ liquid separation. The adsorption of Cu~(2+) in wastewater on nature bentonite and modified bentonite was investigated in this thesis.
Adsorption behavior and mechanism of Cu~(2+) on nature bentonite in wastewater were investigated. The conclusions can be obtained as the following: Bentonite was a good adsorbent for Cu~(2+). The adsorption percent reached 98.03% in 120min by taking 0.1g adsorbents with 100 ml of Cu~(2+) solution of 100mg/L in 250 ml conical glass flasks in a shaking thermostat with a constant speed of 140 rpm at pH=5.20, 20℃. The dynamical data fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The initial stage of the adsorption was controlled by interfacial diffusion. The adsorption can be followed by intraparticle diffusion model after 45 min. When the r 2 values were compared, it can be seen that Freundlich model yields a much better fitted than other model. The reaction was spontaneous and more favorable at higher temperature. The adsorption of Cu~(2+) was physical and endothermic. The adsorption process was irreversible. Desorption was not easy to occur. The adsorption mechanism of bentonite was mainly the ion exchange adsorption, surface linking and electrostatic adsorption.
The optimum processing condition of modified bentonite was obtained. The paper used the advanced testing techniques such as XRD and FTIR to carry out the characterization on the modified bentonite, and studied the adsorption mechanism of Cu~(2+) on it. It has been proved in our experiment: Bentonite was a good adsorbent for Cu~(2+). The dynamical data fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption was controlled by interfacial diffusion and intraparticle diffusion. When the r 2 values were compared, it can be seen that Freundlich model yields a much better fitted than other model. The reaction was spontaneous. The adsorption of Cu~(2+) was physical and endothermic. The adsorption process was irreversible. The desorption is irreversible. The adsorption mechanism of bentonite was mainly the ion exchange adsorption, surface linking and electrostatic adsorption.
According to the above research, a new way has been developed to enhance the application value of bentonite in treating wastewater.
论文第一部分详细研究了膨润土原土的吸附性能。研究结果表明,在膨润土用量为1.0g、Cu~(2+)浓度为100mg/L、振荡速度为140rpm、pH为5.20、温度为20℃、振荡时间为120min的最佳条件下,得到去除率为98.03%。动力学数据满足准二级动力学方程。初始阶段吸附受界面扩散控制,45min后吸附受粒子内扩散控制。Freundlich等温线模型与实验数据的符合程度比其他的等温线模型要好。吸附过程是一个自发的吸热过程,属于物理吸附,而且反应不可逆。吸附机理包括离子交换、表面络合和静电吸附。论文第二部分对膨润土进行改性研究,得出最佳改性条件,并应用在最佳改性条件下制备改性膨润土对Cu~(2+)进行了吸附性能的研究。实验结果表明,改性膨润土对Cu~(2+)具有良好的吸附性能。动力学数据满足准二级动力学方程。吸附受界面扩散和粒子内扩散控制,两种吸附过程同时进行。等温线满足Freundlich等温线模型。吸附过程是一个自发的吸热过程,属于物理吸附,而且反应不可逆。吸附机理包括离子交换、表面络合和静电吸附,与原土的吸附机理一致。
此研究对于膨润土在废水处理中的应用提供了一条新的途径。
Adsorption has already been used widely in treating wastewater because it is simple and efficient. The exploitation of the cheap and effective adsorption materials has attracted the interest of many scholars. Bentonite is abundant in our country. It has unique samdwich structure and powerful adsorption ability. At present, the study of appliance of bentonite is mostly about the adsorption of organic pollutants on organobentonite. But little study is done about the adsorption of nature bentonite and the problem of solid/ liquid separation. The adsorption of Cu~(2+) in wastewater on nature bentonite and modified bentonite was investigated in this thesis.
Adsorption behavior and mechanism of Cu~(2+) on nature bentonite in wastewater were investigated. The conclusions can be obtained as the following: Bentonite was a good adsorbent for Cu~(2+). The adsorption percent reached 98.03% in 120min by taking 0.1g adsorbents with 100 ml of Cu~(2+) solution of 100mg/L in 250 ml conical glass flasks in a shaking thermostat with a constant speed of 140 rpm at pH=5.20, 20℃. The dynamical data fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The initial stage of the adsorption was controlled by interfacial diffusion. The adsorption can be followed by intraparticle diffusion model after 45 min. When the r 2 values were compared, it can be seen that Freundlich model yields a much better fitted than other model. The reaction was spontaneous and more favorable at higher temperature. The adsorption of Cu~(2+) was physical and endothermic. The adsorption process was irreversible. Desorption was not easy to occur. The adsorption mechanism of bentonite was mainly the ion exchange adsorption, surface linking and electrostatic adsorption.
The optimum processing condition of modified bentonite was obtained. The paper used the advanced testing techniques such as XRD and FTIR to carry out the characterization on the modified bentonite, and studied the adsorption mechanism of Cu~(2+) on it. It has been proved in our experiment: Bentonite was a good adsorbent for Cu~(2+). The dynamical data fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption was controlled by interfacial diffusion and intraparticle diffusion. When the r 2 values were compared, it can be seen that Freundlich model yields a much better fitted than other model. The reaction was spontaneous. The adsorption of Cu~(2+) was physical and endothermic. The adsorption process was irreversible. The desorption is irreversible. The adsorption mechanism of bentonite was mainly the ion exchange adsorption, surface linking and electrostatic adsorption.
According to the above research, a new way has been developed to enhance the application value of bentonite in treating wastewater.
引文
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