水泥沥青砂浆用SBS改性沥青乳液的稳定性研究
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摘要
CRTSⅠ型单元板式无砟轨道是我国铁路客运专线(高速铁路)采用的主要轨道结构形式之一,其中的水泥乳化沥青砂浆垫层是该板式无砟轨道的关键材料,具有支撑、调整和缓冲协调的作用,其性能直接影响板式轨道结构耐久性和列车运行安全。因此,水泥乳化沥青砂浆的性能与质量是板式无砟轨道结构应用成败的关键,而乳化沥青的稳定性与质量又是确保板式无砟轨道结构中水泥乳化沥青砂浆充填层施工质量与使用性能的关键。因此研究SBS改性乳化沥青稳定性的主要影响因素是相当必要的。
本文主要研究了乳化体系、贮运条件、生产工艺对SBS改性乳化沥青储存稳定性的影响。
试验结果表明：(1)乳化剂的种类与掺量、稳定剂的种类与掺量,增稠剂的掺量、复合乳化剂、改性沥青种类以及皂液pH值等对SBS改性乳化沥青的储存稳定性有很大影响；(2)存放时间越长,乳化沥青的稳定性越差；存放时间相同,储存温度不同的情况下,储存温度越高,乳化沥青的稳定性越差；在同样的储存时间下,在实验室存放的样品的稳定性要比在交通车上存放的好；铝制容器存放的样品与塑料制容器存放的样品稳定性差别不大,但铁制容器存放的样品稳定性差；(3)胶体磨转速越大,SBS改性乳化沥青乳液中的沥青颗粒粒径越小,粒径分布也越均匀,生产出的乳化沥青储存稳定性越好；生产时改性沥青温度越高,得到的SBS改性乳化沥青的储存稳定性越好；SBS改性乳化沥青的储存稳定性随着皂液温度的升高,呈现先降低后升高的趋势；增稠剂、稳定剂等外加剂在内掺时对SBS改性乳化沥青的稳定性影响较好。
China railway track system I (CRTS I) is one of the main type of the slab ballastless track structure in Chinese High-speed Railway. Cement and emulsified asphalt mortar cushion which provide functions on supporting, levelling, adsorbing and reducing vibrations is the key material of CRTS I. The performance of cement and emulsified asphalt mortar cushion will directly affect the durability of track structure and the security of trains. Therefore, the performance and quality of cement and emulsified asphalt mortar is the key to success or failure of the slab ballastless track structure application, and the quality and stability of emulsified asphalt is the key to the construction quality and performance of cement and emulsified asphalt mortar. So, it is quite necessary to study the main factors affecting the stability.
This paper studies the effect of emulsion system, storage and transportation conditions, the production process on the stability of SBS modified asphalt emulsion.
Results show that:
(1) the type and content of emulsifier, stabilizer type and content, thickener content, compound emulsifier, modified bitumen and pH value of the soap have a great impact on the storage stability of the SBS modified asphalt emulsion;
(2) The stability of emulsified asphalt becomes worse with the extension of storage time; When the samples are stored under different circumstances, but the storage time is fixed, the higher the storage temperature, the worse the stability of emulsified asphalt is; under the same storage time, the stability of samples stored in the car are worse than those stored in the laboratory; There is no difference between the stability of samples stored in aluminum containers and those stored in plastic containers, but stability of the sample which stored in iron containers are worse than those stored in aluminum containers and plastic containers.
(3) When the colloid mill worked at a high speed, the particle size of SBS modified asphalt is smaller, and its distribution is more uniform, the stability of asphalt emulsion is better; A higher asphalt temperature is good to get a stable SBS modified asphalt emulsion; stability of SBS modified asphalt emulsion storage with the soap temperature, showing a trend first increse and then decreased; It is good to the stability of SBS modified asphalt emulsion to added thickener, stabilizer to the soap before producting.
本文主要研究了乳化体系、贮运条件、生产工艺对SBS改性乳化沥青储存稳定性的影响。
试验结果表明：(1)乳化剂的种类与掺量、稳定剂的种类与掺量,增稠剂的掺量、复合乳化剂、改性沥青种类以及皂液pH值等对SBS改性乳化沥青的储存稳定性有很大影响；(2)存放时间越长,乳化沥青的稳定性越差；存放时间相同,储存温度不同的情况下,储存温度越高,乳化沥青的稳定性越差；在同样的储存时间下,在实验室存放的样品的稳定性要比在交通车上存放的好；铝制容器存放的样品与塑料制容器存放的样品稳定性差别不大,但铁制容器存放的样品稳定性差；(3)胶体磨转速越大,SBS改性乳化沥青乳液中的沥青颗粒粒径越小,粒径分布也越均匀,生产出的乳化沥青储存稳定性越好；生产时改性沥青温度越高,得到的SBS改性乳化沥青的储存稳定性越好；SBS改性乳化沥青的储存稳定性随着皂液温度的升高,呈现先降低后升高的趋势；增稠剂、稳定剂等外加剂在内掺时对SBS改性乳化沥青的稳定性影响较好。
China railway track system I (CRTS I) is one of the main type of the slab ballastless track structure in Chinese High-speed Railway. Cement and emulsified asphalt mortar cushion which provide functions on supporting, levelling, adsorbing and reducing vibrations is the key material of CRTS I. The performance of cement and emulsified asphalt mortar cushion will directly affect the durability of track structure and the security of trains. Therefore, the performance and quality of cement and emulsified asphalt mortar is the key to success or failure of the slab ballastless track structure application, and the quality and stability of emulsified asphalt is the key to the construction quality and performance of cement and emulsified asphalt mortar. So, it is quite necessary to study the main factors affecting the stability.
This paper studies the effect of emulsion system, storage and transportation conditions, the production process on the stability of SBS modified asphalt emulsion.
Results show that:
(1) the type and content of emulsifier, stabilizer type and content, thickener content, compound emulsifier, modified bitumen and pH value of the soap have a great impact on the storage stability of the SBS modified asphalt emulsion;
(2) The stability of emulsified asphalt becomes worse with the extension of storage time; When the samples are stored under different circumstances, but the storage time is fixed, the higher the storage temperature, the worse the stability of emulsified asphalt is; under the same storage time, the stability of samples stored in the car are worse than those stored in the laboratory; There is no difference between the stability of samples stored in aluminum containers and those stored in plastic containers, but stability of the sample which stored in iron containers are worse than those stored in aluminum containers and plastic containers.
(3) When the colloid mill worked at a high speed, the particle size of SBS modified asphalt is smaller, and its distribution is more uniform, the stability of asphalt emulsion is better; A higher asphalt temperature is good to get a stable SBS modified asphalt emulsion; stability of SBS modified asphalt emulsion storage with the soap temperature, showing a trend first increse and then decreased; It is good to the stability of SBS modified asphalt emulsion to added thickener, stabilizer to the soap before producting.
引文
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[11]Danzer R. Appraisal of Repair Concepts for Different Designs of Ballastless Track [J]. Railway Technical Review, No.1,2004.
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[14]Konstantinos Giannakos. Requirement of tomorrow's railway transport infrasturcture.2nd Traffic & Transportation Conference.20 Sept.2004:130-150.
[15]Bilow DN, Randich GM. Slab track for the next 100 years.2000 Annual Conference Proceedings of American Railway Engineering and Maintenance of Way Association,2000.15～25.
[16]Shigeru Mura, Hideyuki Takai, Masao Uchida, Yasuto Fukada. The mechanism of railway tracks[J]. Japan Railway and Transport Review,1998(3):38～45.
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[33]CN02160155,乳化改性沥青及其制备方法,2002
[34]S.A.M.Hesp, R.T.Woodhams, Aspjalt-polyolefine emulsion breakdown, Colloid and Polymer Science,1991,269:825-834
[35]G.R.Morrison,H.Hedmark and S.A.Hesp, Elastic steic stabilization of polyethylene-asphalt emusions by using low molecular weight polybutadiene and devulcanized rubber tire, Colloid and Polymer Science,194,272:375-384
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[37]何远航,张荣辉.水性环氧树脂改性乳化沥青在公路养护中的应用[J].新型建筑材料,2007(37-40)
[38]CN200510101919,一种SBS改性乳化沥青及其制备方法,2005
[39]张敬义,达建文,高淑美等.阳离子型丁苯胶乳改性乳化沥青的研制[J].石油沥青,2002,16(4)：20～26
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[41]王云普,刘东杰,张继.CN 1743381,中国专利,2006.3.8
[42]杨林江.浅谈改性乳化沥青发展方向及生产技术关键[J].交通世界.2004(1)：49～50
[43]宋哲玉.改性乳化沥青生产工艺的优化[J].石油沥青,2004；18(5)：35-38
[44]杨林.CN1441033,中国专利,2003.
[45]Sylvester Laurence M. USP6894092,US.Pat.Appl,May 17,2005
[46]Borman Willem F.H,Kramer Morton,Reilly Eugene P. USP4419485,US.Pat.Appl, December 6,1983
[47]刘玉学.浅议影响乳化沥青稳定性的因素[J].市政设施管理.2008.1
[48]Kellomaki,Korhoren.Dispersion of polyolefins in bitumen by means of tall oilpitch and microscopic characterization of mixes.Fuel.1996,75:896
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[2]卢乃宽.世界高速铁路建设发展趋势[J].中国铁路,2000(3)
[3]金守华,陈秀方,杨军.板式无碴轨道用CA砂浆的关键技术[J].中国铁道科学,2006(3)
[4]李怒放.高速铁路轨道结构发展的趋势[J].铁道建筑技术,1998,(1)：29-35
[5]王涛.高速铁道板式无碴轨道CA砂浆的研究与应用[D],武汉：武汉理工大学,2008
[6]何华武.我国客运专线应大力发展无碴轨道[J].中国铁路,2005,(1)：11-16
[7]卿三惠,陈叔,胡建.高速铁路CRTS Ⅱ型板式无砟轨道施工关键设备及施工技术研究[J].铁道工程学报,2008,7：22-27.
[8]Bastin R. The Development of non-Ballasted Track in Germany. Institution of Civil Engineers and Railway Civil Engineers meeting3th, June 2003:50-50.
[9]Esveld C. Slab track:a competitive solution[J]. Railway International, 1999(6):32-46.
[10]Coenraad Esveld. Recently developments in slab traek[J].European railway review,2003:81-85.
[11]Danzer R. Appraisal of Repair Concepts for Different Designs of Ballastless Track [J]. Railway Technical Review, No.1,2004.
[12]廖乃凤.改性乳化沥青对SL-1型砂浆低温抗裂性影响研究[D].长沙：中南大学,2010.
[13]Takai H.40 years experiences of the slab track on Japanese high speed lines.In: 1st International Conferences organized by Euskal Trenbide Sarea,2005.12-60.
[14]Konstantinos Giannakos. Requirement of tomorrow's railway transport infrasturcture.2nd Traffic & Transportation Conference.20 Sept.2004:130-150.
[15]Bilow DN, Randich GM. Slab track for the next 100 years.2000 Annual Conference Proceedings of American Railway Engineering and Maintenance of Way Association,2000.15～25.
[16]Shigeru Mura, Hideyuki Takai, Masao Uchida, Yasuto Fukada. The mechanism of railway tracks[J]. Japan Railway and Transport Review,1998(3):38～45.
[17]王卫彬.水泥乳化沥青冷再生混合料性能研究[D].西安：长安大学,2010.
[18]沈春林,杨军.聚合物改性乳化沥青防水涂料调研报告.中国重庆首届化学灌浆与防水堵漏、裂缝技术控制研讨会文集
[19]王红,韩冬.改性乳化沥青的发展和应用概况[J].石油沥青,2006：20(1)：4～5
[20]刘尚乐.乳化沥青及其在道路、建筑工程中的应用[M].北京市：中国建材工业出版社,2008.7
[21]代树杰.甘肃省公路微表处混合料性能及养护时机研究[D].西安：长安大学,2009.
[22]虎增福主编.乳化沥青及稀浆封层技术[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2001
[23]李福普,沈金安.聚和物改性沥青的配伍性与相容性[J].公路交通科技.1999,9
[24]刘国祥,胡平,巩春伟,范耀化.聚和物改性沥青的相容性与流变性[J].石油大学重质油研究所资料.1996
[25]张玉贞,王翠红,黄小胜.聚合物SBS改性沥青相容性研究[J].石油沥青,2000,14(2)：1～5
[26]Fawcett A H, McNally T. Blends of bitumen with various polyolefins.Polymer. 2000,41:5315-5326
[27]Adedeji A, Grunfelder T, Bates F S. etc. Asphalt modified by SBS triblock copolymer:structure and properties. Polymer Engineering and Science. 1996,36(12):1707-1723
[28]Lu X, Iscasson U, Ekblad J. Phase separation of SBS modified bitumen. Journal of Materials in Civil Eng.1999,(2):51～57
[29]Maarit K, Kellomaki A. Miscibilities of polymers in bitumen and tall oil pitchunder different mixing conditions. Fuel.1996,75:1727
[30]Yousefi A A, Ait-Kadi A. Roy C. Effect of used-tire-derived pyrolytic oil residue on the properties of polymer modified asphalts. Fuel.2000,79:975-986
[31]才洪美.改性乳化沥青的研制及其性能表征[D].东营：中国石油大学(华东),2007
[32]Hussain Khalid, Martin N. Fienkeng, Influence of rheological properties of bitumen emulsions on the performance of surface dressing systems, Rheol Acta,1995,34:311-316
[33]CN02160155,乳化改性沥青及其制备方法,2002
[34]S.A.M.Hesp, R.T.Woodhams, Aspjalt-polyolefine emulsion breakdown, Colloid and Polymer Science,1991,269:825-834
[35]G.R.Morrison,H.Hedmark and S.A.Hesp, Elastic steic stabilization of polyethylene-asphalt emusions by using low molecular weight polybutadiene and devulcanized rubber tire, Colloid and Polymer Science,194,272:375-384
[36]杨林江.改性沥青及其乳化技术[M].北京：人民交通交通出版社,2004
[37]何远航,张荣辉.水性环氧树脂改性乳化沥青在公路养护中的应用[J].新型建筑材料,2007(37-40)
[38]CN200510101919,一种SBS改性乳化沥青及其制备方法,2005
[39]张敬义,达建文,高淑美等.阳离子型丁苯胶乳改性乳化沥青的研制[J].石油沥青,2002,16(4)：20～26
[40]张德勤.石油沥青的生产与运用[M].北京：中国石化出版社.2001：305～33
[41]王云普,刘东杰,张继.CN 1743381,中国专利,2006.3.8
[42]杨林江.浅谈改性乳化沥青发展方向及生产技术关键[J].交通世界.2004(1)：49～50
[43]宋哲玉.改性乳化沥青生产工艺的优化[J].石油沥青,2004；18(5)：35-38
[44]杨林.CN1441033,中国专利,2003.
[45]Sylvester Laurence M. USP6894092,US.Pat.Appl,May 17,2005
[46]Borman Willem F.H,Kramer Morton,Reilly Eugene P. USP4419485,US.Pat.Appl, December 6,1983
[47]刘玉学.浅议影响乳化沥青稳定性的因素[J].市政设施管理.2008.1
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