川东南地区石牛栏组沉积相及储层特征研究
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摘要
四川盆地是我国大型含油气盆地,也是我国西南部重要的天然气产出基地。四川盆地东南地区古生界为天然气勘探新领域,勘探和研究程度均较低,具有目的层埋藏深、多期改造、多期成藏、构造变形程度高、地质结构复杂及烃源岩高一过成熟演化等诸多特点,天然气藏的形成和分布主要受大地构造背景、盆地构造格架及断层控制。近年来的研究和勘探工作表明研究区具有很好的天然气勘探前景,可以作为四川盆地下一步天然气勘探的战略接替区。川东南地区储集层有碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩两类,普遍具有低孔、低渗、横向变化大、非均质性极强的特征,具有隐蔽性、复杂性和较高的勘探难度。
受广西运动的影响,四川盆地中上志留统多被剥蚀,多数地区仅保留了下志留系龙马溪组、石牛栏组(或小河坝组)和韩家店组,晚古生代地层直接覆盖在早志留世地层之上。在区域上,志留系是上扬子地区重要的烃源岩,而早志留世的龙马溪组黑色页岩、石牛栏组灰岩(或小河坝组砂岩)和韩家店组页岩又构成了良好的次级生-储-盖组合。石牛栏组主要分布于黔北和川南地区,以页岩和灰岩为主。小河坝组分布于川东南地区,主要为粉砂岩与页岩夹少量生物灰岩。石牛栏组与小河坝组为同时异相地层单元。
本文主要采用地层学、沉积学、储层地质学等多学科的理论和方法,重点对研究区下志留系石牛栏组碳酸盐岩沉积相进行精细研究与编图,以查明其微相类型、纵向演化序列及其平面展布规律。在此基础上,研究碳酸盐岩储集体的储集空间类型、结构特征、物性特征、成岩演化序列、影响储层发育的因素等,分析其有利的勘探区块,为该区志留系勘探决策提供依据。
根据收集的岩心、薄片、测井和测试等资料综合分析,并结合前人的研究成果,指出志留系时期,川东南地区处于盆地-碳酸盐岩缓坡-三角洲相海退沉积环境;根据薄片的鉴定,研究区石牛栏组为裂缝—孔隙型储层;结合沉积相分析、对比以及储集层特征研究,研究区目的层储集层主要集中分布在碳酸盐缓坡潮坪(泻湖)-浅滩相带中,储集岩性为鲕粒灰岩、生屑灰岩、灰质白云岩等等。
Sichuan Basin is China's major oil and gas basins. Southwestern China is also an important production base of natural gas. Sichuan Basin in the southeast sector of Paleozoic gas exploration for new fields, exploration and research level low, buried deep layer of purpose, multi-phase transformation into a multi-phase possession, a high degree of structural deformation, complex geological structure and a high source rocks Evolution of a mature, and many other features, natural gas distribution and possession of a major tectonic setting, the basin structural framework and fault control. In recent years the research and exploration work shows that the study area has good prospects for natural gas exploration, as the next step in Sichuan Basin natural gas exploration strategy to replace the area. The reservoir in southeast area of Sichuan can be sorted into carbonate and clasolite. These reservoir have characteristics of low porosity and permeability, large transversal change, strong heterogeneity, invisibility,complexity and high difficulty of exploration.
The impact of the campaign in Guangxi, Sichuan Basin in the Silurian are more erosion, retaining only the most parts of the Silurian Longmaxi Group(formation), Shiniulan Group (or Xiaoheba Group) and Hanjiadian GroupLate Paleozoic strata directly Coverage in the Silurian strata above. In the region, the Silurian on the Yangtze is a major source rocks, and the Silurian the black shale of Longmaxi Group, Shiniulan Group of limestone (or sandstone of Xiaoheba Group) and shale of Hanjiadian Group , constitutes a good secondary health - Reserve - covered portfolio. Shiniulan Group mainly distributed in the Qianbei and South Sichuan region, mainly limestone and shale. Xiaoheba Group distributed in the southeast region, mainly shale and siltstone folder a small amount of limestone. Shiniulan Group and Xiaoheba Group at the same time-different strata unit.
This paper used stratigraphy, sedimentology, reservoir geology, and other multi-disciplinary theories and methods, the focus of the study area the carbonate rocks deposited in a fine research and mapping to identify the micro-type of sequence evolution and its vertical plane of distribution. On this basis, the carbonate reservoir on the type of reservoir space, structural characteristics, physical characteristics, diagenetic evolution sequence, the impact of factors such as reservoir development, analysis of its favourable exploration blocks, the area Silurian exploration Provide a basis for decision-making.
According to the core collection, thin, logging and comprehensive analysis of test data, combined with previous research results that Silurian period, the Sichuan Basin in the southeast region-carbonate gentle slope-the delta regressive sedimentary environment; According to the identification sheet, the study area for cracks in Shiniulan Group-porosity reservoir; Deposition phase of analysis, comparison and reservoir characteristics research, the study area purpose of the reservoir, the main focus of the gentle slope in the tidal flat carbonate (lagoon)-bank of the band, the reservoir lithology for the Oolitic limestone, the Health crumbs Limestone, Dolomite gray matte.
受广西运动的影响,四川盆地中上志留统多被剥蚀,多数地区仅保留了下志留系龙马溪组、石牛栏组(或小河坝组)和韩家店组,晚古生代地层直接覆盖在早志留世地层之上。在区域上,志留系是上扬子地区重要的烃源岩,而早志留世的龙马溪组黑色页岩、石牛栏组灰岩(或小河坝组砂岩)和韩家店组页岩又构成了良好的次级生-储-盖组合。石牛栏组主要分布于黔北和川南地区,以页岩和灰岩为主。小河坝组分布于川东南地区,主要为粉砂岩与页岩夹少量生物灰岩。石牛栏组与小河坝组为同时异相地层单元。
本文主要采用地层学、沉积学、储层地质学等多学科的理论和方法,重点对研究区下志留系石牛栏组碳酸盐岩沉积相进行精细研究与编图,以查明其微相类型、纵向演化序列及其平面展布规律。在此基础上,研究碳酸盐岩储集体的储集空间类型、结构特征、物性特征、成岩演化序列、影响储层发育的因素等,分析其有利的勘探区块,为该区志留系勘探决策提供依据。
根据收集的岩心、薄片、测井和测试等资料综合分析,并结合前人的研究成果,指出志留系时期,川东南地区处于盆地-碳酸盐岩缓坡-三角洲相海退沉积环境;根据薄片的鉴定,研究区石牛栏组为裂缝—孔隙型储层;结合沉积相分析、对比以及储集层特征研究,研究区目的层储集层主要集中分布在碳酸盐缓坡潮坪(泻湖)-浅滩相带中,储集岩性为鲕粒灰岩、生屑灰岩、灰质白云岩等等。
Sichuan Basin is China's major oil and gas basins. Southwestern China is also an important production base of natural gas. Sichuan Basin in the southeast sector of Paleozoic gas exploration for new fields, exploration and research level low, buried deep layer of purpose, multi-phase transformation into a multi-phase possession, a high degree of structural deformation, complex geological structure and a high source rocks Evolution of a mature, and many other features, natural gas distribution and possession of a major tectonic setting, the basin structural framework and fault control. In recent years the research and exploration work shows that the study area has good prospects for natural gas exploration, as the next step in Sichuan Basin natural gas exploration strategy to replace the area. The reservoir in southeast area of Sichuan can be sorted into carbonate and clasolite. These reservoir have characteristics of low porosity and permeability, large transversal change, strong heterogeneity, invisibility,complexity and high difficulty of exploration.
The impact of the campaign in Guangxi, Sichuan Basin in the Silurian are more erosion, retaining only the most parts of the Silurian Longmaxi Group(formation), Shiniulan Group (or Xiaoheba Group) and Hanjiadian GroupLate Paleozoic strata directly Coverage in the Silurian strata above. In the region, the Silurian on the Yangtze is a major source rocks, and the Silurian the black shale of Longmaxi Group, Shiniulan Group of limestone (or sandstone of Xiaoheba Group) and shale of Hanjiadian Group , constitutes a good secondary health - Reserve - covered portfolio. Shiniulan Group mainly distributed in the Qianbei and South Sichuan region, mainly limestone and shale. Xiaoheba Group distributed in the southeast region, mainly shale and siltstone folder a small amount of limestone. Shiniulan Group and Xiaoheba Group at the same time-different strata unit.
This paper used stratigraphy, sedimentology, reservoir geology, and other multi-disciplinary theories and methods, the focus of the study area the carbonate rocks deposited in a fine research and mapping to identify the micro-type of sequence evolution and its vertical plane of distribution. On this basis, the carbonate reservoir on the type of reservoir space, structural characteristics, physical characteristics, diagenetic evolution sequence, the impact of factors such as reservoir development, analysis of its favourable exploration blocks, the area Silurian exploration Provide a basis for decision-making.
According to the core collection, thin, logging and comprehensive analysis of test data, combined with previous research results that Silurian period, the Sichuan Basin in the southeast region-carbonate gentle slope-the delta regressive sedimentary environment; According to the identification sheet, the study area for cracks in Shiniulan Group-porosity reservoir; Deposition phase of analysis, comparison and reservoir characteristics research, the study area purpose of the reservoir, the main focus of the gentle slope in the tidal flat carbonate (lagoon)-bank of the band, the reservoir lithology for the Oolitic limestone, the Health crumbs Limestone, Dolomite gray matte.
引文
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