近海软土水泥搅拌加固体强度提高机理及工程应用研究
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摘要
深层水泥搅拌加固技术在节省加固时间、控制工后沉降等方面具有较为明显的优势。但由于水泥加固体的强度提高与增长特性明显受到地基土体性质与环境条件的影响,其理论研究更是远落后于工程实践,因此在近海工程中的应用尚不成熟。
本文结合近海深层搅拌地基加固工程,通过室内试验、数值模拟、现场检测等手段,揭示在海水条件下海底软土水泥搅拌加固体强度提高机理,深入探讨最优配合比及影响加固效果的控制因素。开展的研究工作包括：(1)深入探讨了水泥加固体强度提高机理；(2)采用正交试验法设计了水泥土室内配合比试验,对取自港珠澳东人工岛位置和天津港南疆港的淤泥、淤泥质粘土和粉质粘土开展了水泥拌合体的一系列物理、化学试验研究工作；(3)系统整理和分析了试验数据,应用灰色理论研究了影响水泥土强度的最敏感因素；(4)应用数值模拟方法,结合港珠澳大桥岛隧工程中的深层水泥搅拌地基加固方案,对比分析加固前后及处于不同龄期深层水泥搅拌法的加固效果;(5)结合天津港南疆煤码头东引桥工程的实测数据,通过数值模拟揭示了水泥加固体对控制地面沉降及码头前沿侧向变形的有效性。
研究表明,水泥搅拌加固法可以改变海相软土的物理化学性质,有效改善软土的结构性和损伤特性,宏观上表现为变形特性和强度特性的提高。室内配合比试验表明,与原位软土相比,水泥加固体的密度略有增加；随水灰比的增加,水泥土含水率增加而密度略有降低,水泥土的渗透性得到明显改善；水泥土的强度随土质不同而变化,粉上强度最高,淤泥、淤泥质土较低；水泥掺量对水泥土的强度影响最大。数值模拟分析表明,龄期为60d的加固土体已能提供良好的承载性能,采用深层搅拌加固技术加固海相软土可以有效控制竖直向和水平向变形,同时提高地基抗滑稳定性和承载能力。
Though deep cement mixing reinforcement technology has more obvious advantage in saving the reinforcing time and controlling the post-construction settlement, the strength of formation and growth of cement mixing reinforcement solids are affected by soil properties and environmental conditions, whose theoretical is far behind the engineering practice, therefore, the application in offshore engineering is not mature.
Combining with deep cement mixing composite foundation reinforcement engineering, through indoor experiment, numerical simulation, field test and other methods to reveal the cement mixing reinforcement solids strength forming mechanism in the submarine soft soil and sea condition, in-depth study of optimum mix ratio and the main control factors of influence of reinforcement effect.。The research work includes:(1) studied the cement mixing reinforcement solids strength forming mechanism;(2) designed the cement-soil mixture ratio test by orthogonal test, a series of physical and chemical experiment had been carried out about the cement-soil mixture, the soil are silt, silt clay and silty clay which are taken from the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge harbor east artificial island location and Tianjin Port Nanjiang port;(3) arranged and analyzed the experiment data, apply gray theory to study the most sensitive factors which affect the strength of cement soil;(4) applied numerical simulation method, combined with the tunnel engineering of deep mixing cement foundation reinforcement scheme of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Island, used CDM method to compare and analyze the reinforcing effect before and after reinforcement at different ages;(5) combine the measured data of Tianjin Port Nanjiang Coal Terminal East approach bridge engineering, used the numerical simulation to reveal the validity of the CDM to control ground settlement and lateral deformation of the quay.
Research shows that cement mixing method can change the marine soft soil physical and chemical properties, improve the soft soil structure and damage characteristics effectively which performed for the improvement of deformation and strength characteristics macroscopic. Indoor mixing ratio experiments show that the mixing solid density increases slightly compared with in situ soft soil; with the increase of water cement ratio, water content of cement soil increases however density decreases slightly, the permeability of cement soil improved significantly; cement soil strength varies with soil properties, silty soil is highest, silt, silt soil is relatively low, cement admixture affect the cement soil strength. Numerical simulation analysis shows that age of60d reinforced soil has been able to provide good bearing performance, using deep mixing technology in consolidation of marine soft soil can effectively control the vertical and horizontal deformation of foundation, while improving the anti sliding stability and bearing capacity.
本文结合近海深层搅拌地基加固工程,通过室内试验、数值模拟、现场检测等手段,揭示在海水条件下海底软土水泥搅拌加固体强度提高机理,深入探讨最优配合比及影响加固效果的控制因素。开展的研究工作包括：(1)深入探讨了水泥加固体强度提高机理；(2)采用正交试验法设计了水泥土室内配合比试验,对取自港珠澳东人工岛位置和天津港南疆港的淤泥、淤泥质粘土和粉质粘土开展了水泥拌合体的一系列物理、化学试验研究工作；(3)系统整理和分析了试验数据,应用灰色理论研究了影响水泥土强度的最敏感因素；(4)应用数值模拟方法,结合港珠澳大桥岛隧工程中的深层水泥搅拌地基加固方案,对比分析加固前后及处于不同龄期深层水泥搅拌法的加固效果;(5)结合天津港南疆煤码头东引桥工程的实测数据,通过数值模拟揭示了水泥加固体对控制地面沉降及码头前沿侧向变形的有效性。
研究表明,水泥搅拌加固法可以改变海相软土的物理化学性质,有效改善软土的结构性和损伤特性,宏观上表现为变形特性和强度特性的提高。室内配合比试验表明,与原位软土相比,水泥加固体的密度略有增加；随水灰比的增加,水泥土含水率增加而密度略有降低,水泥土的渗透性得到明显改善；水泥土的强度随土质不同而变化,粉上强度最高,淤泥、淤泥质土较低；水泥掺量对水泥土的强度影响最大。数值模拟分析表明,龄期为60d的加固土体已能提供良好的承载性能,采用深层搅拌加固技术加固海相软土可以有效控制竖直向和水平向变形,同时提高地基抗滑稳定性和承载能力。
Though deep cement mixing reinforcement technology has more obvious advantage in saving the reinforcing time and controlling the post-construction settlement, the strength of formation and growth of cement mixing reinforcement solids are affected by soil properties and environmental conditions, whose theoretical is far behind the engineering practice, therefore, the application in offshore engineering is not mature.
Combining with deep cement mixing composite foundation reinforcement engineering, through indoor experiment, numerical simulation, field test and other methods to reveal the cement mixing reinforcement solids strength forming mechanism in the submarine soft soil and sea condition, in-depth study of optimum mix ratio and the main control factors of influence of reinforcement effect.。The research work includes:(1) studied the cement mixing reinforcement solids strength forming mechanism;(2) designed the cement-soil mixture ratio test by orthogonal test, a series of physical and chemical experiment had been carried out about the cement-soil mixture, the soil are silt, silt clay and silty clay which are taken from the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge harbor east artificial island location and Tianjin Port Nanjiang port;(3) arranged and analyzed the experiment data, apply gray theory to study the most sensitive factors which affect the strength of cement soil;(4) applied numerical simulation method, combined with the tunnel engineering of deep mixing cement foundation reinforcement scheme of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Island, used CDM method to compare and analyze the reinforcing effect before and after reinforcement at different ages;(5) combine the measured data of Tianjin Port Nanjiang Coal Terminal East approach bridge engineering, used the numerical simulation to reveal the validity of the CDM to control ground settlement and lateral deformation of the quay.
Research shows that cement mixing method can change the marine soft soil physical and chemical properties, improve the soft soil structure and damage characteristics effectively which performed for the improvement of deformation and strength characteristics macroscopic. Indoor mixing ratio experiments show that the mixing solid density increases slightly compared with in situ soft soil; with the increase of water cement ratio, water content of cement soil increases however density decreases slightly, the permeability of cement soil improved significantly; cement soil strength varies with soil properties, silty soil is highest, silt, silt soil is relatively low, cement admixture affect the cement soil strength. Numerical simulation analysis shows that age of60d reinforced soil has been able to provide good bearing performance, using deep mixing technology in consolidation of marine soft soil can effectively control the vertical and horizontal deformation of foundation, while improving the anti sliding stability and bearing capacity.
引文
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