光催化氧化技术对垃圾渗滤液深度处理的试验研究
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摘要
为了进一步降低生化处理后垃圾渗滤液中有机污染物浓度,提高出水水质,本研究分别采用光催化氧化、TiO_2/O_3/UV、O_3/UV、O_3工艺对经生化处理后的垃圾渗滤液进行深度处理小试,探讨了垃圾渗滤液中有机污染物降解的影响因素及其降解机理。
以ZnO_作为光催化剂,利用光催化氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤液,试验设计及结果分析都用响应曲面法,得到COD去除率最大值39%时的反应条件为:催化剂投加量为9g/L,反应时间75min,初始CO_D浓度为440mg/L;UV254去除率到达最大值42.4%时的反应条件为:催化剂投加量为9.37g/L,反应时间120min,初始CO_D浓度为771mg/L。光催化氧化与臭氧结合可以大大提高降解效率,COD去除率可以提高20%~30%,UV254去除率以提高40%~60%。
利用TiO_2/O_3/UV工艺处理垃圾渗滤液,TiO_2的最佳投加量为0.5g/L;最佳反应时间为2.0h;臭氧浓度16.8mg/L;垃圾渗滤液初始浓度在430mg/L以下,不调pH值时可以得到理想的处理效果。此外,该工艺还可以大幅提高垃圾渗滤液的可生化性。
TiO_2/O_3/UV、O_3/UV、O_3三种工艺处理垃圾渗滤液进行对比,试验结果表明: TiO_2/O_3/UV工艺在垃圾渗滤液初始COD浓度为433mg/L左右,臭氧浓度16.8mg/L的条件下,降解有机物的速率明显高于其他两种工艺;三种工艺达到同样的处理效果,所需的反应时间TiO_2/O_3/UVTo improve the effluent quality and reduce pollutant concentration in landfill leachate, the processes of photocatalytic oxidation, TiO_2/O_3/UV, O_3/UV and O_3 were used to treat the effluent treated by biological processes. The effects of initial COD concentration, dose of photocatalyst, concentration of ozone and reaction time were evaluated.
In the photocatalytic experiment, ZnO was chosen as the photocatalyst, response surface methodology was used to design the experiment and interpret the result. The COD removal was up to 39% under the conditions that photocatalyst was 9g/L, and reaction time was 75min, as well as initial COD concentration of landfill leachate was 440mg/L. The UV254 removal was up to 42.4% under the conditions that photocatalyst was 9.37g/L, and reaction time was 120min, as well as initial COD concentration was 771mg/L. The COD removal could be increased to 20%~30% and UV_(254) removal could be increased to 40%~60% with photacatalysis and ozone.
During TiO_2/O_3/UV process, the result indicated that the process was effective under the conditions that the dose of TiO_2 0.5g/L, the reaction time 2.0h, the concentration of ozone 16.8mg/L, the initial COD concentration less than 430mg/L, and pH neutral. In additon, the process could improve the biodegradability of landfill leachate obviously.
Comparing the processes of TiO_2/O_3/UV, O_3/UV and O_3, it was found that TiO_2/O_3/UV was more effective than others in degrading organic matters under the conditions that the initial COD concentration of landfill leachate was 433mg/L and the concentration of ozone was 16.8mg/L. The result also indicated that the reaction time was different (TiO_2/O_3/UV
以ZnO_作为光催化剂,利用光催化氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤液,试验设计及结果分析都用响应曲面法,得到COD去除率最大值39%时的反应条件为:催化剂投加量为9g/L,反应时间75min,初始CO_D浓度为440mg/L;UV254去除率到达最大值42.4%时的反应条件为:催化剂投加量为9.37g/L,反应时间120min,初始CO_D浓度为771mg/L。光催化氧化与臭氧结合可以大大提高降解效率,COD去除率可以提高20%~30%,UV254去除率以提高40%~60%。
利用TiO_2/O_3/UV工艺处理垃圾渗滤液,TiO_2的最佳投加量为0.5g/L;最佳反应时间为2.0h;臭氧浓度16.8mg/L;垃圾渗滤液初始浓度在430mg/L以下,不调pH值时可以得到理想的处理效果。此外,该工艺还可以大幅提高垃圾渗滤液的可生化性。
TiO_2/O_3/UV、O_3/UV、O_3三种工艺处理垃圾渗滤液进行对比,试验结果表明: TiO_2/O_3/UV工艺在垃圾渗滤液初始COD浓度为433mg/L左右,臭氧浓度16.8mg/L的条件下,降解有机物的速率明显高于其他两种工艺;三种工艺达到同样的处理效果,所需的反应时间TiO_2/O_3/UV
In the photocatalytic experiment, ZnO was chosen as the photocatalyst, response surface methodology was used to design the experiment and interpret the result. The COD removal was up to 39% under the conditions that photocatalyst was 9g/L, and reaction time was 75min, as well as initial COD concentration of landfill leachate was 440mg/L. The UV254 removal was up to 42.4% under the conditions that photocatalyst was 9.37g/L, and reaction time was 120min, as well as initial COD concentration was 771mg/L. The COD removal could be increased to 20%~30% and UV_(254) removal could be increased to 40%~60% with photacatalysis and ozone.
During TiO_2/O_3/UV process, the result indicated that the process was effective under the conditions that the dose of TiO_2 0.5g/L, the reaction time 2.0h, the concentration of ozone 16.8mg/L, the initial COD concentration less than 430mg/L, and pH neutral. In additon, the process could improve the biodegradability of landfill leachate obviously.
Comparing the processes of TiO_2/O_3/UV, O_3/UV and O_3, it was found that TiO_2/O_3/UV was more effective than others in degrading organic matters under the conditions that the initial COD concentration of landfill leachate was 433mg/L and the concentration of ozone was 16.8mg/L. The result also indicated that the reaction time was different (TiO_2/O_3/UV
引文
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[2]喻晓, 张甲耀. 垃圾渗滤液污染特性及其处理技术研究和应用趋势. 环境科学与技术, 2002, 25(25): 42~46.
[3]郑铁鑫. 城市垃圾处理场对地下水的污染. 环境科学, 1999, 10(3): 89~92.
[4]赵由才, 龙燕, 张华. 生活垃圾卫生填埋技术. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2004, 146~148.
[5]王宝贞, 王琳. 城市固体废弃物渗滤液处理与处置. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2005, 8~9.
[6]张兰英, 张德安. 垃圾渗滤液中有机污染物的污染及去除. 中国环境科学, 1998, 18(2): 184~188.
[7]A. M. Martin. Biologiacal degradation of wastes (first edition). London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1991.
[8]Martin. Craig D. Performance of a constructed wetland leachate treatment system at the Chunchula Landfill, Mobile County, Alabana. Water Science and Technology, 1999, 40(3): 67~74.
[9]申秀英, 许晓路等. 垃圾填埋沥滤水的活性污泥法处理. 中国给水排水, 1995, 11(3): 37~40.
[10]汪慧贞, 固体垃圾填埋场渗滤水的处理. 给水排水, 1988, 5: 36~38.
[11]U. Welander, T. Henrysson, T. Welander. Biological nitrogen removal from municipal landfill leachate in a pilot scale suspended carrier biofilm process. Wat. Res. 1998, 32(5): 1564~1570.
[12]W. A. J. Van Benthum, B. P. Derissen, M. C. M. Van Loodsrecht, et al. Nitrogen removal using nitrifying biofilm frowth and denitrifying suspended growth in a biofilm airlift suspension reactor coupled with a chemostat. Wat. Res. 1998, 32(7): 2009~2018.
[13]T. H. Hoilijoki, R. H. Kettunen, J. A. Rintala. Nitrification of anaerobically pretreated municipal landfill leachate at low temperature. Wat. Res. 2000, 34(5): 1435~1446.
[14]岑运华. 固体废弃物填埋场的浸出水处理. 环境保护, 1991, 4: 21~22.
[15]敬洪波. 垃圾卫生填埋场渗滤液循环回喷处理. 四川建筑, 2003, 23(2): 65~66.
[16]周吉林. 垃圾填埋场渗滤水的处理技术. 环境污染与防治, 2001, 23(4): 187~189.
[17]杨霞等. 城市生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理工艺研究. 环境工程, 2000, 18(5): 12~14.
[18]Roldan. M. D, Blasco. R, Caballero. F. J. Degradation of p-nitrophenol by the Phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus. Arch Microbiol, 1998, 169: 36~42.
[19]梁宇宁, 黄智等. Cu_2O光催化降解水中对硝基苯酚的研究. 环境污染与防治, 2003, 4(10): 36~39.
[20]孟楠, 张爱茜, 吴海锁等. TiO_2与Cu_2O光催化降解对硝基苯酚比较研究. 环境化学, 2005, 24(6): 659~661.
[21]Chang ChengNan, MA YingShi, FANG GuoCheng, et a1. Decolorizing of lignin wastewater using the photochemical UV/TiO_2 process. Chemosphere, 2004, 56(10): 1011~1023.
[22]Saien J., Ardjmand, R. R., Iloukhani, H. Photocatalytic decomposition of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate under aqueous media in the presence of TiO_2. Physics and Chemistry of Liquids, 2003, 41(5): 519~531.
[23]白杨. H2O2在苯酚降解过程中的作用研究. 化学通报, 2004, 67(2): 154~157.
[24]许涛, 宋国勇. 难降解有机废水的高级氧化技术. 辽宁城乡环境科技, 2005, 25(3): 44~46.
[25]朱亦仁, 张振超, 解恒参等. 光催化氧化法处理石灰法草浆造纸废水. 化工环保, 2005, 25(4): 288~290.
[26]陈爱因, 孙红文. 臭氧深度氧化法处理 2, 4 一二氯苯氧乙酸农药废水. 环境污染与防治, 2005, 27(9): 676~678.
[27]Fujishima A., Honda K. Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode. Nature, 1972, 238(5358): 37~38.
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