区域经济增长效率测度研究
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摘要
作为经济学探讨的核心问题之一,区域经济增长中的效率问题备受国内外研究者的关注。在我国,理论界和实践工作者都对区域经济增长效率问题进行了大量的研究,也提出了很多具有现实意义的对策,但现实情况却是收效甚微,高投入、低效率的粗放型经济增长方式一直没有得到有效遏制。在这样的背景下,及时掌握经济增长效率状况,制定科学合理的经济发展政策,实现以经济增长效率带动经济的增长,已经成为促进区域经济较快、平稳、可持续增长的必然选择。
本文的主要内容是对区域经济增长效率的测度方法进行研究,并结合河北省进行实证分析,提出提高经济增长效率的对策,全文共分七个部分。
第一部分为绪论,介绍了研究背景和意义、国内外研究现状,以及研究的内容、方法和思路。
第二部分,从效率的一般概念入手,结合对经济增长、要素投入增长、效率增长的关系的分析,重新界定了经济增长效率的概念,提出了对其进行测度的基本思路。此部分还指出了影响经济增长效率的主要因素,并分析了它们对经济增长效率的作用,这为探求河北省经济增长效率过低的原因和提山相应的对策奠定了基础。
第三部分,运用指数增量分解法,对经济增长进行了多层次分解,得到了基于五个基本因素、包含交互作用、共31项的综合表达式,通过分解过程描述了影响经济增长的基本因素构成及它们之间的作用机理。这为区域经济增长效率测度模型的建立奠定了基础。
第四部分,通过交互作用项的分配,完成了测度模型的建立。最终将经济增长分为全投入数量变动的经济增长效应和全经济增长效率两个部分。其中前者由劳动力投入数量变动的经济增长效应、产业人均资本增长的经济增长效应两部分构成；后者由劳动力产业间配置变动的经济增长效率、资本产业间配置变动的经济增长效率、产业产出资本比变动经济增长效率构成。另外,此部分最后还给出了年均经济增长效率、各因素的年均经济增长效应的测度方法。
第五部分,应用河北省改革开放以来的经济统计资料,从多个角度对河北省经济增长效率进行了测度与分析,描述河北省经济增长及其增长效率变化的演变过程。为了紧密联系河北省经济增长效率的现状,进一步分析了2005-2009年河北省的经济增长基本情况和经济增长效率,并深入剖析了目前河北省经济增长效率过低的主要原因。
第六部分,基于第五部分的分析结论和河北省现实,提出了提高河北省经济增长效率的对策。
最后,在第七部分总结了本文的主要结论和创新点,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。
通过本文的研究,重新界定了经济增长效率的概念,避免了经济效率和经济增长效率两个概念在使用中的混淆,并且从经济增长的分解和交互作用分配入手,得出了新的经济增长效率测度模型和效率指标体系。该模型充分考虑了各因素之间的交互作用,并且具有推导简便、意义明确、无需进行过多的前提假设、适用于样本容量小的情况等优点。另外,本文实证分析的结论对促进河北省区域经济平稳、较快、可持续增长具有重要的意义。
As one of the core questions discussed in economics, the efficiency of regional economic growth has drawn many attentions of researchers all over the world. In China, though a great deal of research work has been carried out, and many practical policy suggestions have been presented, but the reality is that it has made little effect. That means, the extensive economic growth which characterized by high investment and low efficiency has not yet been contained effectively. Under such background, there is only one choice:making suitable economic policies in order to improve the economic growth by improving the efficiency of economic growth. So it is important to hold the efficiency information of economic growth.
The main content in this thesis is to provide a method for measuring the efficiency of economic growth, analysis the efficiency of economic growth in Hebei province, and give some countermeasures to improve its efficiency of economic growth.
The first part is introduction. It is arranged to introduce the research background and significance, review the researche works in China and and abroad, and explain the research contents, method and structure of this thesis.
In the Second part, based on the analysis of general concept of efficiency and the relationship among economic growth, inputs growth and efficiency growth, the concept of efficiency of economic growth is redefined. And the thought of how to measure the efficiency of economic growth is offered. In this part, several chief factors that influence the efficiency of economic growth are pointed out, and the mechanism of how those factors affect the efficiency of economic growth is discussed, and it provided the foundation of analyzing the causes of low efficiency of economic growth in Hebei province and giving the countermeasures.
In part 3, using the method of index incremental analysis, the economic growth rate is decomposed. The final expression including interactions is based on five basic factors, and contains 31 terms. The decomposition process describes the mechanism of how those 5 factors affect economic growth. This part provides the foundation for constructing the model for measuring the efficiency of regional economic growth.
In part 4, the interactions are distributed to corresponding factors, then the process of constructing the model is completed. After the process above, the economic growth rate is divided into two parts:the economic growth effect of total inputs quantity increase and the efficiency of economic growth. The former is composed of the economic growth effect of labor input quantity increase and the economic growth effect of industry per capita capital growth. The later is composed of the efficiency of economic growth of labor industry-allocation change, the efficiency of economic growth of capital industry-allocation change and the efficiency of economic growth of industry output-capital ratio change. In the end of this part, it provides the method of measuring average annual efficiency of economic growth and average annual economic growth effect of each factor.
Then, In part 5, based on the economic data of Hebei province (since1978), the efficiency of economic growth of Hebei province is measured. By means of analyzing the measure results, the history of economic growth and the efficiency of economic growth in Hebei province is described. In order to get closer to the current situation, the recent (2005-2009) economic growth and the changes of efficiency of economic growth in Hebei province is described individually, and the problems causing the low efficiency of economic growth currently are dissected.
In part 6, based on the conclusions of part 5 and current conditions in Hebei province, the corresponding countermeasures are offered.
Finally, in Part7, the conclusions and innovations of this thesis are summarized, and the research to be continued is prospected.
According to this thesis, the concept of efficiency of economic growth is redefined, it will be helpful for avoiding the confusion in using concepts "economic efficiency" and "efficiency of economic growth". After the processes of decomposition and interaction distribution, a new model of measuring the efficiency of economic growth and the corresponding indicator system is provided. There are many advantages about this measurement model, such as, all the interaction between factors has been taken into account, the deduce process is simple, the meaning is clear, less presuppositions are necessary, and it is applicable for the condition of small sample, etc. At the same time, the positive analysis conclusions are important for Hebei province to promote the regional economic growth steady, rapidly and sustainably.
本文的主要内容是对区域经济增长效率的测度方法进行研究,并结合河北省进行实证分析,提出提高经济增长效率的对策,全文共分七个部分。
第一部分为绪论,介绍了研究背景和意义、国内外研究现状,以及研究的内容、方法和思路。
第二部分,从效率的一般概念入手,结合对经济增长、要素投入增长、效率增长的关系的分析,重新界定了经济增长效率的概念,提出了对其进行测度的基本思路。此部分还指出了影响经济增长效率的主要因素,并分析了它们对经济增长效率的作用,这为探求河北省经济增长效率过低的原因和提山相应的对策奠定了基础。
第三部分,运用指数增量分解法,对经济增长进行了多层次分解,得到了基于五个基本因素、包含交互作用、共31项的综合表达式,通过分解过程描述了影响经济增长的基本因素构成及它们之间的作用机理。这为区域经济增长效率测度模型的建立奠定了基础。
第四部分,通过交互作用项的分配,完成了测度模型的建立。最终将经济增长分为全投入数量变动的经济增长效应和全经济增长效率两个部分。其中前者由劳动力投入数量变动的经济增长效应、产业人均资本增长的经济增长效应两部分构成；后者由劳动力产业间配置变动的经济增长效率、资本产业间配置变动的经济增长效率、产业产出资本比变动经济增长效率构成。另外,此部分最后还给出了年均经济增长效率、各因素的年均经济增长效应的测度方法。
第五部分,应用河北省改革开放以来的经济统计资料,从多个角度对河北省经济增长效率进行了测度与分析,描述河北省经济增长及其增长效率变化的演变过程。为了紧密联系河北省经济增长效率的现状,进一步分析了2005-2009年河北省的经济增长基本情况和经济增长效率,并深入剖析了目前河北省经济增长效率过低的主要原因。
第六部分,基于第五部分的分析结论和河北省现实,提出了提高河北省经济增长效率的对策。
最后,在第七部分总结了本文的主要结论和创新点,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。
通过本文的研究,重新界定了经济增长效率的概念,避免了经济效率和经济增长效率两个概念在使用中的混淆,并且从经济增长的分解和交互作用分配入手,得出了新的经济增长效率测度模型和效率指标体系。该模型充分考虑了各因素之间的交互作用,并且具有推导简便、意义明确、无需进行过多的前提假设、适用于样本容量小的情况等优点。另外,本文实证分析的结论对促进河北省区域经济平稳、较快、可持续增长具有重要的意义。
As one of the core questions discussed in economics, the efficiency of regional economic growth has drawn many attentions of researchers all over the world. In China, though a great deal of research work has been carried out, and many practical policy suggestions have been presented, but the reality is that it has made little effect. That means, the extensive economic growth which characterized by high investment and low efficiency has not yet been contained effectively. Under such background, there is only one choice:making suitable economic policies in order to improve the economic growth by improving the efficiency of economic growth. So it is important to hold the efficiency information of economic growth.
The main content in this thesis is to provide a method for measuring the efficiency of economic growth, analysis the efficiency of economic growth in Hebei province, and give some countermeasures to improve its efficiency of economic growth.
The first part is introduction. It is arranged to introduce the research background and significance, review the researche works in China and and abroad, and explain the research contents, method and structure of this thesis.
In the Second part, based on the analysis of general concept of efficiency and the relationship among economic growth, inputs growth and efficiency growth, the concept of efficiency of economic growth is redefined. And the thought of how to measure the efficiency of economic growth is offered. In this part, several chief factors that influence the efficiency of economic growth are pointed out, and the mechanism of how those factors affect the efficiency of economic growth is discussed, and it provided the foundation of analyzing the causes of low efficiency of economic growth in Hebei province and giving the countermeasures.
In part 3, using the method of index incremental analysis, the economic growth rate is decomposed. The final expression including interactions is based on five basic factors, and contains 31 terms. The decomposition process describes the mechanism of how those 5 factors affect economic growth. This part provides the foundation for constructing the model for measuring the efficiency of regional economic growth.
In part 4, the interactions are distributed to corresponding factors, then the process of constructing the model is completed. After the process above, the economic growth rate is divided into two parts:the economic growth effect of total inputs quantity increase and the efficiency of economic growth. The former is composed of the economic growth effect of labor input quantity increase and the economic growth effect of industry per capita capital growth. The later is composed of the efficiency of economic growth of labor industry-allocation change, the efficiency of economic growth of capital industry-allocation change and the efficiency of economic growth of industry output-capital ratio change. In the end of this part, it provides the method of measuring average annual efficiency of economic growth and average annual economic growth effect of each factor.
Then, In part 5, based on the economic data of Hebei province (since1978), the efficiency of economic growth of Hebei province is measured. By means of analyzing the measure results, the history of economic growth and the efficiency of economic growth in Hebei province is described. In order to get closer to the current situation, the recent (2005-2009) economic growth and the changes of efficiency of economic growth in Hebei province is described individually, and the problems causing the low efficiency of economic growth currently are dissected.
In part 6, based on the conclusions of part 5 and current conditions in Hebei province, the corresponding countermeasures are offered.
Finally, in Part7, the conclusions and innovations of this thesis are summarized, and the research to be continued is prospected.
According to this thesis, the concept of efficiency of economic growth is redefined, it will be helpful for avoiding the confusion in using concepts "economic efficiency" and "efficiency of economic growth". After the processes of decomposition and interaction distribution, a new model of measuring the efficiency of economic growth and the corresponding indicator system is provided. There are many advantages about this measurement model, such as, all the interaction between factors has been taken into account, the deduce process is simple, the meaning is clear, less presuppositions are necessary, and it is applicable for the condition of small sample, etc. At the same time, the positive analysis conclusions are important for Hebei province to promote the regional economic growth steady, rapidly and sustainably.
引文
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