南二区西储层研究及过渡带未开发区布井方案优选
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摘要
大庆长垣经过多年开发，油田渐渐进入高含水后期开采阶段，由于储层非均质等因素造成剩余油高度零散分布，预测难度越来越大，剩余可采储量有效开发越来越难，严重影响了油田的可持续开发。本次研究是为进一步开采过渡带未开发区块可动剩余油，深入认识研究区域的构造和储层特征，通过定性与定量地描述构造、储层、流体，为油藏数值模拟以及开发部署提供可靠的地质依据，直观的认识油藏动态规律，为解决高含水后期储层剩余油开发工作提供技术保障。
本论文以萨南油田南二区西过渡带未开发区块为研究区域背景，以井震联合思想为基础，开展以下研究：①井震联合精细地震解释：在全区进行钻井—测井—地震联合统层，实现点-线-面-空间五次实践、认识，以使得地震解释层位更加可靠。断层解释主要以井上断点为依据，同时联合相干体、方位角属性和倾角属性等多种技术手段逐级识别，保证所识别的断层具有较大的可靠性。②储层重构反演预测：针对研究区域的沉积背景以及砂岩的分布特点，采用基于频率补偿的重构反演，以预测井间砂体的展布规律、接触关系和连通性。③井震联合沉积微相研究：主要以沉积学原理为基础，通过分析岩性及其电响应特征，并对比曲线韵律和旋回性，定量地描述井点沉积微相的特征，同时结合地震反演与地震相成果，完成沉积相研究。④三维地质建模：主要根据地质建模的基本原理，综合地质、地震、测井和动态数据，建立反映地质特征三维变化与分布的数字化模型。⑤水驱数值模拟研究：根据数值模拟的基本原理，通过对地质储量、含水率、产液量、剩余油分布的历史拟合，设计布井方案，并根据各自预测的开发指标及经济原则，选取最优布井方案。
研究表明：在储层研究上，层位标定精细到单期河道沉积单元，实现了井震结合沉积微相的研究；针对过渡带地区测井资料少，应用三维地震数据对构造、厚度进行约束，并与测井资料、沉积相带图相结合，建立了南二区西部过渡带地质模型；并通过历史拟合得到各项开发参数，通过上述研究确定最优布井方案，从而为解决高含水后期储层剩余油开发工作提供技术手段和理论依据。
Exploited for many years, Daqing oil field has gradually came into the stage of containing more water. Because reservoir anisotropism makes remaining oil distribute highly decentralized, reservoir prediction become more and more difficultly. The study is to exploit available remaining oil, and make a deeper understanding of the character of structures and reservoirs in study area. Through qualitative and quantitative description of structure, reservoir fluids, to provide reliable geological basises to numerical reservoir simulation as well as the development and deployment, also aware reservoir dynamic law intuitively which providing technical support to resolve remaining oil development work in the late high water period.
The research is carried out in the background of high density seimic data of South Middle East Block of Lamadian filed. Basing on the idea of well and seismic combination, the following studies have been developed:①Precise seismic interpretation of well-seismic combination:in the whole region, with the idea of combination of drilling-logging-seismic, with five practice and recognition of point-line-surface-room, the reliability of the seismic interpretation layers are ensured. The fault interpretation mainly bases on breakpoint in wells, combining with the coherent cube, inclination attributes, azimuth attributes and other technical means, the reliability of fault identification is settled.②Inversion prediction of reservoir reconstruction:basing on the depositional characteristic of study area and sand distribution, the inversion based on the frequency compensation is used. The distribution, contact relationships and connectivity of the sand body between wells are predicted.③Well-seismic combination sedimentary microfacies study:Mainly based on seismic sedimentology principle, by analyzing drilling lithology and electrical response characteristics, contrasting curve rhythm and cyclicity, describing well point microfacies characters quantitatively, combining with seismic inversion and seismic facies achievements at the same time, and finish the sedimentary facies research finally.④Three-dimensional geological modeling:Mainly based on the basic principles of geological modeling, integrated geological, seismic, logging and dynamic data, to establish a digital model of the dimensional changes reflect the geological characteristics and distribution.⑤Drive numerical simulation study: According to the basic principle of numerical simulation, by history matching geological reserves, the moisture content, the amount of fluid production, the remaining oil distribution, design well spacing program, and according to their forecast development indicators and economic principles to select the optimal well spacing program.
Studies have shown that:In study of reservoir, horizon calibration are fine to single river deposition unit, which realize the study of sedimentary microfacies in well-seismic combination. For the less transition region logging data, the application of three-dimensional seismic data constraints on the structure, thickness, and logging data, sedimentary facies diagram combined to establish the South West of District transition zone geological model; And various development parameters obtained by history matching, appeal study to determine the optimal well spacing program to provide technical means to solve the late high water cut reservoir remaining oil development and theoretical basis.
本论文以萨南油田南二区西过渡带未开发区块为研究区域背景，以井震联合思想为基础，开展以下研究：①井震联合精细地震解释：在全区进行钻井—测井—地震联合统层，实现点-线-面-空间五次实践、认识，以使得地震解释层位更加可靠。断层解释主要以井上断点为依据，同时联合相干体、方位角属性和倾角属性等多种技术手段逐级识别，保证所识别的断层具有较大的可靠性。②储层重构反演预测：针对研究区域的沉积背景以及砂岩的分布特点，采用基于频率补偿的重构反演，以预测井间砂体的展布规律、接触关系和连通性。③井震联合沉积微相研究：主要以沉积学原理为基础，通过分析岩性及其电响应特征，并对比曲线韵律和旋回性，定量地描述井点沉积微相的特征，同时结合地震反演与地震相成果，完成沉积相研究。④三维地质建模：主要根据地质建模的基本原理，综合地质、地震、测井和动态数据，建立反映地质特征三维变化与分布的数字化模型。⑤水驱数值模拟研究：根据数值模拟的基本原理，通过对地质储量、含水率、产液量、剩余油分布的历史拟合，设计布井方案，并根据各自预测的开发指标及经济原则，选取最优布井方案。
研究表明：在储层研究上，层位标定精细到单期河道沉积单元，实现了井震结合沉积微相的研究；针对过渡带地区测井资料少，应用三维地震数据对构造、厚度进行约束，并与测井资料、沉积相带图相结合，建立了南二区西部过渡带地质模型；并通过历史拟合得到各项开发参数，通过上述研究确定最优布井方案，从而为解决高含水后期储层剩余油开发工作提供技术手段和理论依据。
Exploited for many years, Daqing oil field has gradually came into the stage of containing more water. Because reservoir anisotropism makes remaining oil distribute highly decentralized, reservoir prediction become more and more difficultly. The study is to exploit available remaining oil, and make a deeper understanding of the character of structures and reservoirs in study area. Through qualitative and quantitative description of structure, reservoir fluids, to provide reliable geological basises to numerical reservoir simulation as well as the development and deployment, also aware reservoir dynamic law intuitively which providing technical support to resolve remaining oil development work in the late high water period.
The research is carried out in the background of high density seimic data of South Middle East Block of Lamadian filed. Basing on the idea of well and seismic combination, the following studies have been developed:①Precise seismic interpretation of well-seismic combination:in the whole region, with the idea of combination of drilling-logging-seismic, with five practice and recognition of point-line-surface-room, the reliability of the seismic interpretation layers are ensured. The fault interpretation mainly bases on breakpoint in wells, combining with the coherent cube, inclination attributes, azimuth attributes and other technical means, the reliability of fault identification is settled.②Inversion prediction of reservoir reconstruction:basing on the depositional characteristic of study area and sand distribution, the inversion based on the frequency compensation is used. The distribution, contact relationships and connectivity of the sand body between wells are predicted.③Well-seismic combination sedimentary microfacies study:Mainly based on seismic sedimentology principle, by analyzing drilling lithology and electrical response characteristics, contrasting curve rhythm and cyclicity, describing well point microfacies characters quantitatively, combining with seismic inversion and seismic facies achievements at the same time, and finish the sedimentary facies research finally.④Three-dimensional geological modeling:Mainly based on the basic principles of geological modeling, integrated geological, seismic, logging and dynamic data, to establish a digital model of the dimensional changes reflect the geological characteristics and distribution.⑤Drive numerical simulation study: According to the basic principle of numerical simulation, by history matching geological reserves, the moisture content, the amount of fluid production, the remaining oil distribution, design well spacing program, and according to their forecast development indicators and economic principles to select the optimal well spacing program.
Studies have shown that:In study of reservoir, horizon calibration are fine to single river deposition unit, which realize the study of sedimentary microfacies in well-seismic combination. For the less transition region logging data, the application of three-dimensional seismic data constraints on the structure, thickness, and logging data, sedimentary facies diagram combined to establish the South West of District transition zone geological model; And various development parameters obtained by history matching, appeal study to determine the optimal well spacing program to provide technical means to solve the late high water cut reservoir remaining oil development and theoretical basis.
引文
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