辽河油田沈67断块薄互层砂岩油藏描述及剩余油分布研究
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摘要
随着油田开采时间的增长,世界上各国的油田总体上都已进入高含水、高采出阶段,但对于老油田而言,地下仍含有大量的剩余油,如何准确地描述剩余油的分布和提高油气采收率是当今油田勘探和开发的主要目标。要实现这些目标,就需要科学地进行精细油藏描述、油藏数值模拟、开发方案调整、精细地质模型的建立和剩余油的分布,不仅是油藏描述的主要内容,也是有效地开发油气藏的基础,在整个油气藏的勘探和开发过程中都具有十分重要的意义。
本文通过对地质背景、钻井、测井、分析化验及地震资料的收集、整理及处理,从单砂体研究入手,综合采用地层学、沉积学、油藏工程、测井地质学等多学科理论和方法,重点研究薄互层储层的精细地层格架、微构造,沉积相、非均质和流动单元,建立密井网条件下储层地质模型,从地质成因和开发成因两个方面分析了薄互层砂岩储层剩余油形成的控制因素和机理。进行油藏数值模拟研究和薄互层砂岩储层剩余油预测的方法研究。定性和定量地描述了剩余油的分布状况,总结了以沈67区块为代表的薄互层砂岩油藏剩余油分布规律。研究结果表明:
①对于薄互层砂岩油藏地层对比首要是认识单砂体的组合模式,按不同的组合模式确定对比原则,才能有效进行地层对比和划分,使其更合理、更符合地质规律。
②剩余油研究的基础是在密井网条件下建立精细油藏地质模型。对薄互层储层而言,需要建立精细地层格架模型、微构造模型、沉积相微相模型、测井解释模型、非均质模型、储层流动单元模型。
③剩余油分布受控于储层微构造、沉积相分布、储层非均质特点、平面上的渗流差异和单元间渗流屏障、注采系统的完善程度。
④剩余油开发的前提条件是搞清剩余油的分布规律和有利区域,重点是综合评价剩余油潜力。
通过论文研究,总结了以沈67断块薄互层储层剩余油预测为目标的油藏地质建模研究方法和技术,为适应薄互层实际开发的需要,在剩余油分布研究中将表征储层特征的静态特征和表征油藏开发变化的动态特征有机结合起来,探索出一套研究油藏剩余油分布的综合预测方法。指出了剩余油富集的有利目标区,为该油田开发措施调整及剩余油挖潜方案提出了具体方向和目标。
With the proceeding of oil production,oilfields of the world have come into high water-cut stage. But for old oilfields, there are still large amounts of remaining oil stored in place. How to characterize the distribution of remaining oil and enhance oil recovery is the main purpose of the current exploration and exploitation activities. Reservoir geologic modeling and distribution of remaining oil, not only the main contents of reservoir description,but also the basis of developing reservoir, plays an important role in the overall exploration and exploitation.
After collecting and re-processing of the data related with geological background, drilling, logging, lab analysis as well as seismic interpretation, starting from single sandbodies, this paper uses a multi-discipline theories and research methods such as stratigraphy, sedimentology, reservoir engineering, and well logging geology to study the structural framework, mico-structures, sedimentary facies, reservoir heterogeneity and flow units of the thin-interbedded reservoirs. In this way, this paper establishes one reservoir geological model under dense well pattern and analyzes the elements and mechanism that control the remaining oil accumulation in thin-interbedded reservoirs from views of both geological genesis and development influences. Taking Fault block Shen 67 as a case study, this paper studies the way for reservoir numerical simulation and remaining oil prediction methods for thin-interbedded reservoirs in both qualitative and quantitative ways. The main conclusions can be summarized as follows:
1) The key for thin-interbedded sandstone reservoir correlation is the determination of the single sand body assemblage pattern. The correlation principle is determined after the determination of the assemblage pattern, ensuring a more effective beds correlation, which is more reasonable and close to the in-site geological conditions.
2) The foundation for remaining oil study is fine geological modeling of the reservoirs under dense well pattern. For thin-interbedded sandstone reservoirs, the process includes the establishment of fine stratigraphical framework model, mico-structures model, sedimentary facies and micro-facies models, logging data interpretation model, reservoir heterogeneous model, as well as reservoir flow unit model.
3) The elements controlling the distribution of remaining oil include reservoir micro-structures, distribution of semdimentary facies, characteristics of reservoir heterogeneity, horizontal percolation difference, percolation baffle between different units, as well as the effective degree of water injection-production system. 4) The premise for the production of remaining oil is the determination of its distribution law and favorable regions, while the key point is the comprehensive evaluation of remaining oil potential.
To sum up, this paper takes Fault block Shen 67 as an example and summarizes the methods and techniques to establish geological model for thin-interbedded sandstone reservoirs. During the research, static characters and dynamic features are both taken into account to combine both the static reservoir characteristics and the dynamic reservoir changes in the development stages. Finally, this paper develops a set of comprehensive prediction methods for remaining oil distribution, determines the favorable accumulation areas for remaining oil, thus provides practical direction and targets for further-step development procedures modification and potential-tap of remaining oil reserves in thin-interbedded sandstone reservoirs.
本文通过对地质背景、钻井、测井、分析化验及地震资料的收集、整理及处理,从单砂体研究入手,综合采用地层学、沉积学、油藏工程、测井地质学等多学科理论和方法,重点研究薄互层储层的精细地层格架、微构造,沉积相、非均质和流动单元,建立密井网条件下储层地质模型,从地质成因和开发成因两个方面分析了薄互层砂岩储层剩余油形成的控制因素和机理。进行油藏数值模拟研究和薄互层砂岩储层剩余油预测的方法研究。定性和定量地描述了剩余油的分布状况,总结了以沈67区块为代表的薄互层砂岩油藏剩余油分布规律。研究结果表明:
①对于薄互层砂岩油藏地层对比首要是认识单砂体的组合模式,按不同的组合模式确定对比原则,才能有效进行地层对比和划分,使其更合理、更符合地质规律。
②剩余油研究的基础是在密井网条件下建立精细油藏地质模型。对薄互层储层而言,需要建立精细地层格架模型、微构造模型、沉积相微相模型、测井解释模型、非均质模型、储层流动单元模型。
③剩余油分布受控于储层微构造、沉积相分布、储层非均质特点、平面上的渗流差异和单元间渗流屏障、注采系统的完善程度。
④剩余油开发的前提条件是搞清剩余油的分布规律和有利区域,重点是综合评价剩余油潜力。
通过论文研究,总结了以沈67断块薄互层储层剩余油预测为目标的油藏地质建模研究方法和技术,为适应薄互层实际开发的需要,在剩余油分布研究中将表征储层特征的静态特征和表征油藏开发变化的动态特征有机结合起来,探索出一套研究油藏剩余油分布的综合预测方法。指出了剩余油富集的有利目标区,为该油田开发措施调整及剩余油挖潜方案提出了具体方向和目标。
With the proceeding of oil production,oilfields of the world have come into high water-cut stage. But for old oilfields, there are still large amounts of remaining oil stored in place. How to characterize the distribution of remaining oil and enhance oil recovery is the main purpose of the current exploration and exploitation activities. Reservoir geologic modeling and distribution of remaining oil, not only the main contents of reservoir description,but also the basis of developing reservoir, plays an important role in the overall exploration and exploitation.
After collecting and re-processing of the data related with geological background, drilling, logging, lab analysis as well as seismic interpretation, starting from single sandbodies, this paper uses a multi-discipline theories and research methods such as stratigraphy, sedimentology, reservoir engineering, and well logging geology to study the structural framework, mico-structures, sedimentary facies, reservoir heterogeneity and flow units of the thin-interbedded reservoirs. In this way, this paper establishes one reservoir geological model under dense well pattern and analyzes the elements and mechanism that control the remaining oil accumulation in thin-interbedded reservoirs from views of both geological genesis and development influences. Taking Fault block Shen 67 as a case study, this paper studies the way for reservoir numerical simulation and remaining oil prediction methods for thin-interbedded reservoirs in both qualitative and quantitative ways. The main conclusions can be summarized as follows:
1) The key for thin-interbedded sandstone reservoir correlation is the determination of the single sand body assemblage pattern. The correlation principle is determined after the determination of the assemblage pattern, ensuring a more effective beds correlation, which is more reasonable and close to the in-site geological conditions.
2) The foundation for remaining oil study is fine geological modeling of the reservoirs under dense well pattern. For thin-interbedded sandstone reservoirs, the process includes the establishment of fine stratigraphical framework model, mico-structures model, sedimentary facies and micro-facies models, logging data interpretation model, reservoir heterogeneous model, as well as reservoir flow unit model.
3) The elements controlling the distribution of remaining oil include reservoir micro-structures, distribution of semdimentary facies, characteristics of reservoir heterogeneity, horizontal percolation difference, percolation baffle between different units, as well as the effective degree of water injection-production system. 4) The premise for the production of remaining oil is the determination of its distribution law and favorable regions, while the key point is the comprehensive evaluation of remaining oil potential.
To sum up, this paper takes Fault block Shen 67 as an example and summarizes the methods and techniques to establish geological model for thin-interbedded sandstone reservoirs. During the research, static characters and dynamic features are both taken into account to combine both the static reservoir characteristics and the dynamic reservoir changes in the development stages. Finally, this paper develops a set of comprehensive prediction methods for remaining oil distribution, determines the favorable accumulation areas for remaining oil, thus provides practical direction and targets for further-step development procedures modification and potential-tap of remaining oil reserves in thin-interbedded sandstone reservoirs.
引文
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