履带式起重机安全监控系统研究
摘要
安全监控系统是大型机械履带式起重机不可缺少的重要组成部分。履带起重机安全监控系统不但可以提高履带起重机的安全性能,而且还可以提高履带起重机工作时的效率。如何开发稳定可靠的履带起重机安全监控系统已经成为近年来各个履带起重机厂商关注的热点问题。
在研究、参考国内外现有起重机安全监控系统的基础上,本文开发了基于高性能单片机ADuC842的履带式起重机安全监控系统,实现了对履带式起重机状态检测、控制以及超限报警等常规功能,并具有点阵LCD中文显示和超载记录功能。论文中对系统硬件的关键部分设计做了比较详细的剖析,并根据实际工程中用户的要求利用C语言开发了系统整体软件功能。在整个系统的开发调试过程中根据实际工况的需要,设计了安装方便、结构新颖的称重传感器及其变送器,该传感器经过工程实践,证明基本满足工况及功能要求,已经在实际工程中使用。
为了提高系统可靠性和实时性,方便系统功能的进一步开发和完善,本文在原来系统功能基础上,引入了嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ,实现了嵌入式系统μC/OS-Ⅱ在ADuC842单片机上的移植;针对履带起重机安全监控系统功能要求,设计了系统的各个任务,并采用消息邮箱通信机制初步实现了各个任务间的通信,为以后系统功能进一步完善和升级打下了良好的基础。
Safety monitoring and control system is an indispensable and important part of large mechanical crawler crane. Crawler crane safety monitoring and control system can not only improve the safety performance of crawler crane, but also enhance crawler crane working efficiency. Then, how to develop stable and reliable crawler crane safety monitoring and control system has become a hot issue which crawler crane manufacturers are concerned with in recent years.
After researching on domestic and foreign crane's safety monitoring and control system, this paper adopts high-performance SoC ADuC842 to develop a crawler crane safety monitoring and control system, which has the basic functions of detecting state, controlling and alarming, as well as the function of a Chinese dot-matrix LCD displaying and recording overload. The key parts of hardware are presented in detail, and the system software developed by C language, is given in the paper, which meets user's function requirements. According to the practical need in the process of developing and debugging the system, a new type of weighting sensor with novel structure is designed, which can be installed in practical project easily. The sensor tested in practice indicates that it meets the basic function requirements.
In order to improve the system reliability and real-time, and perfect the further development of the system functions, the embedded operating systemμC / OS-Ⅱis introduced, which is transplanted onto the ADuC842. Then, system tasks are designed according to crawler crane safety monitoring and control system requirements and message-box communication mechanisms is used to achieve the communication between the various tasks, which is a favorable foundation to improve and upgrade the system further.
在研究、参考国内外现有起重机安全监控系统的基础上,本文开发了基于高性能单片机ADuC842的履带式起重机安全监控系统,实现了对履带式起重机状态检测、控制以及超限报警等常规功能,并具有点阵LCD中文显示和超载记录功能。论文中对系统硬件的关键部分设计做了比较详细的剖析,并根据实际工程中用户的要求利用C语言开发了系统整体软件功能。在整个系统的开发调试过程中根据实际工况的需要,设计了安装方便、结构新颖的称重传感器及其变送器,该传感器经过工程实践,证明基本满足工况及功能要求,已经在实际工程中使用。
为了提高系统可靠性和实时性,方便系统功能的进一步开发和完善,本文在原来系统功能基础上,引入了嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ,实现了嵌入式系统μC/OS-Ⅱ在ADuC842单片机上的移植;针对履带起重机安全监控系统功能要求,设计了系统的各个任务,并采用消息邮箱通信机制初步实现了各个任务间的通信,为以后系统功能进一步完善和升级打下了良好的基础。
Safety monitoring and control system is an indispensable and important part of large mechanical crawler crane. Crawler crane safety monitoring and control system can not only improve the safety performance of crawler crane, but also enhance crawler crane working efficiency. Then, how to develop stable and reliable crawler crane safety monitoring and control system has become a hot issue which crawler crane manufacturers are concerned with in recent years.
After researching on domestic and foreign crane's safety monitoring and control system, this paper adopts high-performance SoC ADuC842 to develop a crawler crane safety monitoring and control system, which has the basic functions of detecting state, controlling and alarming, as well as the function of a Chinese dot-matrix LCD displaying and recording overload. The key parts of hardware are presented in detail, and the system software developed by C language, is given in the paper, which meets user's function requirements. According to the practical need in the process of developing and debugging the system, a new type of weighting sensor with novel structure is designed, which can be installed in practical project easily. The sensor tested in practice indicates that it meets the basic function requirements.
In order to improve the system reliability and real-time, and perfect the further development of the system functions, the embedded operating systemμC / OS-Ⅱis introduced, which is transplanted onto the ADuC842. Then, system tasks are designed according to crawler crane safety monitoring and control system requirements and message-box communication mechanisms is used to achieve the communication between the various tasks, which is a favorable foundation to improve and upgrade the system further.
引文
[1]王欣,屈服政.国外履带起重机的发展[J].起重运输机械,1999(2):1-2.
[2]罗琰峰.大型履带式起重机总体设计系统设计软件设计[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006:14-15.
[3]Aneziris,O.N.et al.Towards risk assessment for crane activities[J].Safety Science,2008:1-13.
[4]王欣,高顺德.国外履带起重机新技术新特点及国内生产研发现状[J].石化工程建设,2005(12):16-17.
[5]杨东.德国利勃海尔公司LRl280型履带式起重机[EB/OL].http://info.cm.hc360.com/2005/07/25151363490.shtml,2005-7-25.
[6]岳维峻.起重力矩限制器生产现状及其调试[J].建筑机械化,2006(7):37-39.
[7]Stian Ruud,Age Mikkelsen.Risk-based rules for crane safety systems[J].Reliability Engineering and System Safety,2007.
[8]张宗民.起重机多功能安全监控系统[D].大连:大连大连理工大学,2002:8-11.
[9]李刚,林凌,粟田禾.易学易用高性能SoC单片机ADuC841[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2006:1-2.
[10]Hirokazu Arayaa,Makoto Kakuzena,Hideki Kinugawab,Tatsuo Arai.Level luffing control system for crawler cranes[J].Automation in Construction,2004(4):689-697.
[11]德州仪器.4-20mA电流变送器的工业控制应用[M].世界电子元器件,2006(1):93-96.
[12]唐明亮.直流电压、电流变送器的抗干扰措施[J].四川电力发电,2001(6):54-67..
[13]王尊才.一种实用的电流变送器[M].山东电子,1999(1):21-22.
[14]林勇.工业控制用4-20mA电流变送器[M].电子元器件应用,2006(7):28-30.
[15]高国伟.倾角传感器[M].传感器世界,1995(8):29-36.
[16]Sang-Joon Lee,Jong-Hoon Kang.Wind load on a container crane located in atmospheric boundary layers[J].Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics.2007:193-208.
[17]精电蓬远公司.内藏T6963C控制器图形液晶显示模块实用说明书[M].2001(3):5-20.
[18]周立功单片机发展有限公司.PCF8563日历时钟芯片原理及应用设计[M].2001(9):1-2.
[19]徐爱钧,彭秀华.Keil Cx51 V7.0单片机高级语言编程与μ Vision2应用实践[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004(4):Ⅰ-Ⅲ.
[20]Sungwoo Moon,Leonhard E.Bemold.Graphic-based human-machine interface for construction manipulation control[J].CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT,1998.
[21]刘书明,冯小平.数据采集系统芯片ADuC812原理与应用[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2000:1-68.
[22]吴杰.塔式起重机智能监控及故障诊断系统[D].郑州:郑州大学,2005:1.5,50-56.
[23]刘宏.带状弹性织物张力控制系统的研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2005:63-64.
[24]严蔚敏,吴伟民.数据结构[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996:4-6.
[25]周立功单片机发展有限公司.PCF8563(12C)实时时钟/日历芯片[M].2001(9):1-19.
[26]Jean J.Labrosse,邵贝贝.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004:34-35.
[27]靳文兵,白凤娥,潘志栋.嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ在单片机上的移植[J].太原理工大学学报,2006(1):99-100.
[28]任哲.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ原理及应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005:12-13,185-206.
[29]马文华.μC/OS2Ⅱ在MCS-51上的移植[J].广州大学学报,2006(3):32-33.
[30]赵风舞,高桂菊,徐焕勇.单片机监控系统中输入、输出信号通道干扰的抑制方法[J].煤矿安全,2000(7):26-27.
[31]刘国繁.工控软件的可靠性技术研究[J].计算机自动测量与控制,1999:39-40.
[2]罗琰峰.大型履带式起重机总体设计系统设计软件设计[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006:14-15.
[3]Aneziris,O.N.et al.Towards risk assessment for crane activities[J].Safety Science,2008:1-13.
[4]王欣,高顺德.国外履带起重机新技术新特点及国内生产研发现状[J].石化工程建设,2005(12):16-17.
[5]杨东.德国利勃海尔公司LRl280型履带式起重机[EB/OL].http://info.cm.hc360.com/2005/07/25151363490.shtml,2005-7-25.
[6]岳维峻.起重力矩限制器生产现状及其调试[J].建筑机械化,2006(7):37-39.
[7]Stian Ruud,Age Mikkelsen.Risk-based rules for crane safety systems[J].Reliability Engineering and System Safety,2007.
[8]张宗民.起重机多功能安全监控系统[D].大连:大连大连理工大学,2002:8-11.
[9]李刚,林凌,粟田禾.易学易用高性能SoC单片机ADuC841[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2006:1-2.
[10]Hirokazu Arayaa,Makoto Kakuzena,Hideki Kinugawab,Tatsuo Arai.Level luffing control system for crawler cranes[J].Automation in Construction,2004(4):689-697.
[11]德州仪器.4-20mA电流变送器的工业控制应用[M].世界电子元器件,2006(1):93-96.
[12]唐明亮.直流电压、电流变送器的抗干扰措施[J].四川电力发电,2001(6):54-67..
[13]王尊才.一种实用的电流变送器[M].山东电子,1999(1):21-22.
[14]林勇.工业控制用4-20mA电流变送器[M].电子元器件应用,2006(7):28-30.
[15]高国伟.倾角传感器[M].传感器世界,1995(8):29-36.
[16]Sang-Joon Lee,Jong-Hoon Kang.Wind load on a container crane located in atmospheric boundary layers[J].Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics.2007:193-208.
[17]精电蓬远公司.内藏T6963C控制器图形液晶显示模块实用说明书[M].2001(3):5-20.
[18]周立功单片机发展有限公司.PCF8563日历时钟芯片原理及应用设计[M].2001(9):1-2.
[19]徐爱钧,彭秀华.Keil Cx51 V7.0单片机高级语言编程与μ Vision2应用实践[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004(4):Ⅰ-Ⅲ.
[20]Sungwoo Moon,Leonhard E.Bemold.Graphic-based human-machine interface for construction manipulation control[J].CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT,1998.
[21]刘书明,冯小平.数据采集系统芯片ADuC812原理与应用[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2000:1-68.
[22]吴杰.塔式起重机智能监控及故障诊断系统[D].郑州:郑州大学,2005:1.5,50-56.
[23]刘宏.带状弹性织物张力控制系统的研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2005:63-64.
[24]严蔚敏,吴伟民.数据结构[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996:4-6.
[25]周立功单片机发展有限公司.PCF8563(12C)实时时钟/日历芯片[M].2001(9):1-19.
[26]Jean J.Labrosse,邵贝贝.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004:34-35.
[27]靳文兵,白凤娥,潘志栋.嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ在单片机上的移植[J].太原理工大学学报,2006(1):99-100.
[28]任哲.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ原理及应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005:12-13,185-206.
[29]马文华.μC/OS2Ⅱ在MCS-51上的移植[J].广州大学学报,2006(3):32-33.
[30]赵风舞,高桂菊,徐焕勇.单片机监控系统中输入、输出信号通道干扰的抑制方法[J].煤矿安全,2000(7):26-27.
[31]刘国繁.工控软件的可靠性技术研究[J].计算机自动测量与控制,1999:39-40.