自动化仓储实验系统的开发研究
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摘要
随着我国经济的飞速发展,物流业也在飞速发展。二者是相辅相成的。但是高级物流人才奇缺,已经严重地阻碍了经济的发展。建立物流实验系统是内涵式发展物流技术,培养物流人才的根本途径。而如何建立物流实验系统,还是一个鲜有人研究的问题。自动化仓储实验系统是物流实验系统的核心部分。本论文正是围绕自动化仓储实验系统展开的。
本论文创造性地把系统布置设计法应用到自动化仓储实验系统的规划设计中。并补充非物流因素的影响。非物流因素用定性关联图表示,物流因素用定量从至表表示。计算出各区域之间的物流总量,可以确定其相互间的密切度。根据密切度不同划分等级,通过划分等级,就将物流因素的定量从至图转变为定性关联图,再根据定性关联图规划自动化仓储实验系统。
有了规划设计图,文章又进一步解决自动化仓储实验系统中的重点和难点问题,堆垛机和货架主要参数的确定。对这两个问题展开了详尽而周密的分析和推导。在分析堆垛机运行周期时,给出了堆垛机的最佳运行速度公式。超过这一速度,继续增大堆垛机运行速度,所带来的堆垛机运行周期的缩短非常微小,却会带来诸如噪声等等问题。确定货架主要参数货架尺寸,关键在于确定货物单元的尺寸和四周的必要间隙。
接着文章论述连续输送系统。论述了输送机的设计原则和主要类型及其输送能力计算;主要的转辙移载装置和积放机构,在发生积存时的距离控制等,重点介绍了一种转向装置。
文章最后进行计算机仿真和确定了典型的实验方案。在仿真时,先估算堆垛机的最佳运行速度。利用仿真软件分别对堆垛机最佳运行速度减少10%,堆垛机最佳运行速度,增加10%三个梯度进行仿真。通过选取典型数据,多次计算取平均值的方法进一步论证了文章提出的运行速度不应该超过最佳运行速度的10%的观点。
实际应用结果表明,利用上述方法建设的物流实验系统具有投资少,见效快的特点。
With the high development of economy, logistics has developed highly in our country. They can accelerate with each other. But there are few people with senior ability on logistics, which has embarrassed the development of economy. Establishing the logistics experimental system can intentionally develop the technology of logistics and bring up the abilities. The Experimental Automated Storage and Retrieval System is the core of logistics center. How to establish the experimental Automated Storage and Retrieval System is a very important problem. Few people has study the problem. The thesis is about this problem.
The paper creatively uses the Systematic Layout Planning method on the experimental Automated Storage and Retrieval System layout and design. The non-logistics factor is also added on. After careful research and study, how to layout the whole system is concerned on two factors. One is logistics factor, the other is non-logistics factor. The non-logistics factor can be described by qualitative relevancy, The logistics factor can be described by to-and-from table. The to-and-from table can be changed into qualitative relevancy. We plan the Experimental Automated Storage and Retrieval System using this method, basing on the two analysis.
After the layout and design, the paper described the important and difficult problem, that is the period of the stacker and the dimension of shelves. Firstly the main parts of the stacker and shelves are explained in detail. The paper has made out the best running velocity of stacker. The stacker should runs around the best velocity, not more and not less than the best running velocity 10 percent. If the stacker runs at the velocity much higher than the best velocity, the period will shorten very little. But the voices and cost will increase highly. The velocity is concerned very much to the dimensions of shelf. To definite the dimensions of shelves, the key work is to definite the dimension of standard kit unit.
Then the paper introduces the conveyers and its transportation capability. The main styles and point switches of the conveyers and the method to definite the needed distance are also introduced.
At last, the paper uses the simulator to test the main points. Then the main experiments are described. Firstly the the best running velocity is calculated. Then 10 percent is decreased, 10 percent increased. Through selecting representative data, the period of stacker is calculated. Then accounts the averages. The simulation has testified the points that the paper made out in chapter three.
The actual application has proved that the method described in the paper is useful. To establish the Experimental Automated Storage and Retrieval System using the method will need less cost and get better results.
本论文创造性地把系统布置设计法应用到自动化仓储实验系统的规划设计中。并补充非物流因素的影响。非物流因素用定性关联图表示,物流因素用定量从至表表示。计算出各区域之间的物流总量,可以确定其相互间的密切度。根据密切度不同划分等级,通过划分等级,就将物流因素的定量从至图转变为定性关联图,再根据定性关联图规划自动化仓储实验系统。
有了规划设计图,文章又进一步解决自动化仓储实验系统中的重点和难点问题,堆垛机和货架主要参数的确定。对这两个问题展开了详尽而周密的分析和推导。在分析堆垛机运行周期时,给出了堆垛机的最佳运行速度公式。超过这一速度,继续增大堆垛机运行速度,所带来的堆垛机运行周期的缩短非常微小,却会带来诸如噪声等等问题。确定货架主要参数货架尺寸,关键在于确定货物单元的尺寸和四周的必要间隙。
接着文章论述连续输送系统。论述了输送机的设计原则和主要类型及其输送能力计算;主要的转辙移载装置和积放机构,在发生积存时的距离控制等,重点介绍了一种转向装置。
文章最后进行计算机仿真和确定了典型的实验方案。在仿真时,先估算堆垛机的最佳运行速度。利用仿真软件分别对堆垛机最佳运行速度减少10%,堆垛机最佳运行速度,增加10%三个梯度进行仿真。通过选取典型数据,多次计算取平均值的方法进一步论证了文章提出的运行速度不应该超过最佳运行速度的10%的观点。
实际应用结果表明,利用上述方法建设的物流实验系统具有投资少,见效快的特点。
With the high development of economy, logistics has developed highly in our country. They can accelerate with each other. But there are few people with senior ability on logistics, which has embarrassed the development of economy. Establishing the logistics experimental system can intentionally develop the technology of logistics and bring up the abilities. The Experimental Automated Storage and Retrieval System is the core of logistics center. How to establish the experimental Automated Storage and Retrieval System is a very important problem. Few people has study the problem. The thesis is about this problem.
The paper creatively uses the Systematic Layout Planning method on the experimental Automated Storage and Retrieval System layout and design. The non-logistics factor is also added on. After careful research and study, how to layout the whole system is concerned on two factors. One is logistics factor, the other is non-logistics factor. The non-logistics factor can be described by qualitative relevancy, The logistics factor can be described by to-and-from table. The to-and-from table can be changed into qualitative relevancy. We plan the Experimental Automated Storage and Retrieval System using this method, basing on the two analysis.
After the layout and design, the paper described the important and difficult problem, that is the period of the stacker and the dimension of shelves. Firstly the main parts of the stacker and shelves are explained in detail. The paper has made out the best running velocity of stacker. The stacker should runs around the best velocity, not more and not less than the best running velocity 10 percent. If the stacker runs at the velocity much higher than the best velocity, the period will shorten very little. But the voices and cost will increase highly. The velocity is concerned very much to the dimensions of shelf. To definite the dimensions of shelves, the key work is to definite the dimension of standard kit unit.
Then the paper introduces the conveyers and its transportation capability. The main styles and point switches of the conveyers and the method to definite the needed distance are also introduced.
At last, the paper uses the simulator to test the main points. Then the main experiments are described. Firstly the the best running velocity is calculated. Then 10 percent is decreased, 10 percent increased. Through selecting representative data, the period of stacker is calculated. Then accounts the averages. The simulation has testified the points that the paper made out in chapter three.
The actual application has proved that the method described in the paper is useful. To establish the Experimental Automated Storage and Retrieval System using the method will need less cost and get better results.
引文
[1] 王晓芳, 林亨, 蔡临宁等. 物流工程专业实验室建设[J]. 实验技术与管理, 2004, (5): 125-128
[2] 张志坚. 物流人才开发战略研究[D]. 武汉: 武汉理工大学, 2004
[3] 刘敏. 中国物流何时搭乘人才快车[R]. 北京: 焦点报道, 2005(7): 39-44
[4] 龚顺清.我国物流人才素质和结构分析[J]. 重庆工商大学学报, 2004, 21(4): 49-51
[5] 呼延子文. 对物流人才开发的意见和建议[J]. 中国物流职业技术教育, 2006(16) : 13-14
[6] 何其超, 刘中, 柳伍生. 高校提高物流专业人才培养水平的思考[J]. 物 流科技, 2005, 28 (120): 86-87
[7] 季靖, 崔介何. 北京市物流高等教育的现状分析与思考[J]. 物流技术, 2005(5): 1-5
[8] 吴耀华. 现代物流系统技术的研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 机械工程学报, 1999,12(8): 1-5
[9] 纪红任, 王铁宁, 魏波等. 自动化立体仓库的规划论证[J]. 物流科技, 2004, 27(4):1-5
[10] 华志坚. 规划与设计物流实训中心[J]. 交通企业管理, 2004, 规划与建设卷, (5): 20-21
[11] Taylor K. Computer systems in logistics and distribution[J]. London: Kogan Page, 1991, 89-91
[12] Leatherhead, Surrey. Distribution packaging for logistical systems[J]. Pair International, 1997, 99-100
[13] Jnames Cooper. Logistics and Distribution Planning. 2nd Edition. London: KogePage, 1994
[14] He Wei-hong, Cao Yi, Chen Xia-bao. Study on Constructing Electronic commerce Laboratory[J]: International, Journal of En-gineering, Education, 2003,12( 8): 87- 92
[15] 董理, 邵清东. 建 .立物流实验室 加快物流人才培养[J]. 物流 技术与应用, 2003 (12): 59-62
[16] 沈杰. 物流中心规划设计的研究与探讨[J]. 物流技术, 2004 (2): 20-23
[17] 李长江. 物流中心设计与运作[M]. 北京: 中国物资出版社, 2002: 55-56
[18] 刘志凯. 物流中心系统规划与设计研究[D]. 长安: 长安大学, 2003
[19] Janusz K Grabara, Sebastian Kot. New Tools of Engineering Education forLogistics Training[EB/OL].http://www.ineer.org/Events/ICCE2001/Proceedings/ papers/ 463. pdf.
[20] We-Min Chow. Development of an automated storage and retrieval system for manufacturing assembly lines[J]. 1986 IEEE International Conference on Volume 3.1986: 490-495
[21] 李延保. 中山大学珠海校区的建设及发展设想[J]. 中国高等教育, 2001(2),
[22] 董千里. 物流工程学[M]. 北京: 人民交通出版社, 2005: 40-41
[23] 林立千. 设施规划与物流中心设计[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2003: 6-8
[24] 王转. 配送中心规划(之四)[J]: 物流技术与应用,2002 (6): 72-75
[25] 卫民. 物流中心的建设规划探讨[J]. 物流技术, 2002 (6 ): 30-32
[26] Muller D.J. AS/RS And Warehouse Modling. Simulation Conference [J]. 2001, Volume (2):1001-1006
[27] 蔡临宁. 物流系统规划—建模及实例分析[M].北京: 机械工业出版社, 2003, 78-80
[28] 何明坷. 物流系统要素冲突分析[J]. 中国流通经济, 2001(5): 43-46
[29] 日本综合研究所.物流手册[M]. 吴润涛, 靳伟, 王之泰等译. 北京: 中国物质 出版社, 1986:272-312
[30] 关宏. 自动化立体仓库总体规划设计方法研究[D]. 西安: 西北工业大学, 2001
[31] 王燕, 蒋笑梅. 配送中心全程规划[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社,2004: 89-93
[32] 鲁晓春. 仓储自动化[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2002
[33] 邵琳. 自动化立体仓库系统设计优化研究[D]. 大连: 大连海事大学, 2005
[34] 张晓昆. 卷烟配送中心的设计(上)[J]. 物流技术, 2005(2):78-81
[35] 张晓川. 现代仓储物流技术与装备[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2003:77-85
[36] 关宏, 苑韬. 立体仓库规划设计方法研究[J]. 物流技术, 2004(5): 50-51
[37] 周奇才. 自动化仓库主要参数的优化确定[J]. 上海铁道大学学报,1999(12): 72-75
[38] 陈渔. 自动化立体仓库计算机总体规划系统[D]. 北京: 北京科技大学, 2001: 38-45
[39] 高华. 托盘式包裹分拣机[J]. 现代通信, 1997(9): 15-16
[40] Paraschos Maniatis. Materials handling and just-in-time in contemporary manufacturing.Int.[J]. Materials and Product Technology.1998, 13(6):470-476
[41] 王转. AS/RS 中连续输送系统的设计(续)[J]. 物流技术, 2000(3): 12-13
[42] 方庆琯, 王转. 现代物流设施与规划[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2004: 6
[43] 王转. AS/RS 中连续输送系统的设计[J]. 物流技术, 2000(2): 6-8
[44] 李玉瑾. 带式输送机的动态特性研究及应用[J]. 起重运输机械, 2000(12), 4-7
[45] 余汪洋. 链式输送机的张紧装置[J]. 起重运输机械, 2002(6): 4-8
[46] 王文辉. 条烟输送系统的设计[J]. 机电信息, 2005(14): 17-18
[47] 白传悦. 装配输送线的转向装置[J]. 起重运输机械, 2003(6): 41-42
[48] 文小炎. 地面反向积放式输送链的设计[J]. 起重运输机械, 2006(8): 17-18
[49] Nigel Thompson. Animation Techniques in Win 32[M]. Microsoft Press, 1995: 76-89
[50] Liu C.I., Jula H, Ioannou P.A. Design, simulation, and evaluation of automated container terminals [J]. IEEE Transactions on Volume (3). 2002:12-26
[2] 张志坚. 物流人才开发战略研究[D]. 武汉: 武汉理工大学, 2004
[3] 刘敏. 中国物流何时搭乘人才快车[R]. 北京: 焦点报道, 2005(7): 39-44
[4] 龚顺清.我国物流人才素质和结构分析[J]. 重庆工商大学学报, 2004, 21(4): 49-51
[5] 呼延子文. 对物流人才开发的意见和建议[J]. 中国物流职业技术教育, 2006(16) : 13-14
[6] 何其超, 刘中, 柳伍生. 高校提高物流专业人才培养水平的思考[J]. 物 流科技, 2005, 28 (120): 86-87
[7] 季靖, 崔介何. 北京市物流高等教育的现状分析与思考[J]. 物流技术, 2005(5): 1-5
[8] 吴耀华. 现代物流系统技术的研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 机械工程学报, 1999,12(8): 1-5
[9] 纪红任, 王铁宁, 魏波等. 自动化立体仓库的规划论证[J]. 物流科技, 2004, 27(4):1-5
[10] 华志坚. 规划与设计物流实训中心[J]. 交通企业管理, 2004, 规划与建设卷, (5): 20-21
[11] Taylor K. Computer systems in logistics and distribution[J]. London: Kogan Page, 1991, 89-91
[12] Leatherhead, Surrey. Distribution packaging for logistical systems[J]. Pair International, 1997, 99-100
[13] Jnames Cooper. Logistics and Distribution Planning. 2nd Edition. London: KogePage, 1994
[14] He Wei-hong, Cao Yi, Chen Xia-bao. Study on Constructing Electronic commerce Laboratory[J]: International, Journal of En-gineering, Education, 2003,12( 8): 87- 92
[15] 董理, 邵清东. 建 .立物流实验室 加快物流人才培养[J]. 物流 技术与应用, 2003 (12): 59-62
[16] 沈杰. 物流中心规划设计的研究与探讨[J]. 物流技术, 2004 (2): 20-23
[17] 李长江. 物流中心设计与运作[M]. 北京: 中国物资出版社, 2002: 55-56
[18] 刘志凯. 物流中心系统规划与设计研究[D]. 长安: 长安大学, 2003
[19] Janusz K Grabara, Sebastian Kot. New Tools of Engineering Education forLogistics Training[EB/OL].http://www.ineer.org/Events/ICCE2001/Proceedings/ papers/ 463. pdf.
[20] We-Min Chow. Development of an automated storage and retrieval system for manufacturing assembly lines[J]. 1986 IEEE International Conference on Volume 3.1986: 490-495
[21] 李延保. 中山大学珠海校区的建设及发展设想[J]. 中国高等教育, 2001(2),
[22] 董千里. 物流工程学[M]. 北京: 人民交通出版社, 2005: 40-41
[23] 林立千. 设施规划与物流中心设计[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2003: 6-8
[24] 王转. 配送中心规划(之四)[J]: 物流技术与应用,2002 (6): 72-75
[25] 卫民. 物流中心的建设规划探讨[J]. 物流技术, 2002 (6 ): 30-32
[26] Muller D.J. AS/RS And Warehouse Modling. Simulation Conference [J]. 2001, Volume (2):1001-1006
[27] 蔡临宁. 物流系统规划—建模及实例分析[M].北京: 机械工业出版社, 2003, 78-80
[28] 何明坷. 物流系统要素冲突分析[J]. 中国流通经济, 2001(5): 43-46
[29] 日本综合研究所.物流手册[M]. 吴润涛, 靳伟, 王之泰等译. 北京: 中国物质 出版社, 1986:272-312
[30] 关宏. 自动化立体仓库总体规划设计方法研究[D]. 西安: 西北工业大学, 2001
[31] 王燕, 蒋笑梅. 配送中心全程规划[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社,2004: 89-93
[32] 鲁晓春. 仓储自动化[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2002
[33] 邵琳. 自动化立体仓库系统设计优化研究[D]. 大连: 大连海事大学, 2005
[34] 张晓昆. 卷烟配送中心的设计(上)[J]. 物流技术, 2005(2):78-81
[35] 张晓川. 现代仓储物流技术与装备[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2003:77-85
[36] 关宏, 苑韬. 立体仓库规划设计方法研究[J]. 物流技术, 2004(5): 50-51
[37] 周奇才. 自动化仓库主要参数的优化确定[J]. 上海铁道大学学报,1999(12): 72-75
[38] 陈渔. 自动化立体仓库计算机总体规划系统[D]. 北京: 北京科技大学, 2001: 38-45
[39] 高华. 托盘式包裹分拣机[J]. 现代通信, 1997(9): 15-16
[40] Paraschos Maniatis. Materials handling and just-in-time in contemporary manufacturing.Int.[J]. Materials and Product Technology.1998, 13(6):470-476
[41] 王转. AS/RS 中连续输送系统的设计(续)[J]. 物流技术, 2000(3): 12-13
[42] 方庆琯, 王转. 现代物流设施与规划[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2004: 6
[43] 王转. AS/RS 中连续输送系统的设计[J]. 物流技术, 2000(2): 6-8
[44] 李玉瑾. 带式输送机的动态特性研究及应用[J]. 起重运输机械, 2000(12), 4-7
[45] 余汪洋. 链式输送机的张紧装置[J]. 起重运输机械, 2002(6): 4-8
[46] 王文辉. 条烟输送系统的设计[J]. 机电信息, 2005(14): 17-18
[47] 白传悦. 装配输送线的转向装置[J]. 起重运输机械, 2003(6): 41-42
[48] 文小炎. 地面反向积放式输送链的设计[J]. 起重运输机械, 2006(8): 17-18
[49] Nigel Thompson. Animation Techniques in Win 32[M]. Microsoft Press, 1995: 76-89
[50] Liu C.I., Jula H, Ioannou P.A. Design, simulation, and evaluation of automated container terminals [J]. IEEE Transactions on Volume (3). 2002:12-26