成都某药业有限公司兼并成都市医药流通企业方案设计
摘要
兼并是资本运营的重要方式和手段，是实现企业高速扩张的有效途径。兼并各方企业及其利益组织，通过阅读兼并方案决策是否同意兼并，兼并方案起着较为关键的作用。
本文所讨论的为狭义的企业兼并，是指一个企业吸收一个或更多的企业，前者依然保持自己的法人资格，而后者失去法人资格，前者获得后者的控制权。
由于竞争机制随着我国社会主义市场经济的逐步建立开始作用于千千万万个企业，结果很大一部分企业长期亏损，难以维持正常的生产经营活动，而另一部分企业则在竞争中逐步发展壮大，扩张冲动不断强化，企业兼并作为发展效益好的企业和救活亏损企业的一种有效手段，受到各级主管部门的大力支持。
参与兼并各方积极推进兼并工作，其目的是看到了企业兼并的各种效应。本文通过阐述兼并的含义及方案的作用，介绍我国企业兼并的历史原因，论述兼并产生的积极效应，再探讨成都某药业公司兼并四家医药流通企业的方案设计。
成都某药业公司注册资本金1．8亿元人民币，公司引进国际先进之药业结构方式，开发经营药品、保健品、化妆品、洗涤用品四个大类，为目前国内唯一如此组合之大型现代化医药保健企业。某药业公司以百亿药业为目标，产品技术做支撑，市场实施大零售覆盖、高效的经营机制，人才结构合理。历经努力，某药业公司在台商经济开发区购置原材料提取、制备基地462亩，分装及中试生产基地已建成，药品、保健食品、化妆品及洗涤品等的生产企业合格证、卫生许可证均已获得并取得证照。
某药业公司新建之基地占地450亩，按世界卫生组织（WHO）之要求及药品生产企业管理规范（GMP）标准严格设计，产值正常生产年份年100亿元，利税总额16．50亿元，厂区暨生产能力将为亚洲第一大规模。某药业公司特设过渡性生产基地安装有瓶装、套餐装、铝塑包装共9条分装线，已形成年产20亿元产值能力。某药业公司具有强而有力的销售网络，通过多品种、大覆盖的市场营销战略，以销售网络建设作为市场推进基础，现已形成一个较完整的全国销售网。某药业公司紧握时代脉搏，怀超前意识，疾速发展，已形成具有高起点、高科技、大规模、集约化、专业化经营之优势。
成都市医药公司、成都医药采购供应站、成都市中药材公司和成都中药材采购供应站均建于五十年代，属国有大型医药流通企业，在计划经济时期 承担着全市医药和中药材的批发、零售及调拨业务。四家企业共有职工4214人，其中在岗职工2591人，离退休职工1362人，停薪留职及退养人员共261人。
在计划经济向市场经济转轨过程中，医药流通格局发生根本变化，由于经营机制、经营观念、营销方式、管理模式滞后等原因，四家医药流通企业效益逐年下滑，亏损增加。截止1998年5月底，四家医药流通企业累计亏损已达1．33亿元，资产负债率达到100．76％，应收货款高达8067万元，其中部分属于呆帐、死帐，根本无法收回。库存1．69亿元商品中，相当部分属于有质量、效期问题商品。由于长期负债无法偿还，银行信誉已大大降低，贷款无门，已对经营工作赞成严重威胁，98年1～5月销售2．26亿元，经营形势严峻，企业不堪重负，已达资不抵债，难以为继的境地。
针对本次成都市某药业公司在兼并成都市四家国营企业，可以产生下述效应：
原医药企业的生产基地按100亿元产值规模生产系列保健产品、洗涤用品及医药产品，生产将更集中、更专业化；同时，在兼并后充分利用原有的流通渠道在功能上细分建立药品连锁店、保健食品连锁店、保健食品专柜等符合现代消费的流通形式，减少各种费用，集中力量进行产品开发、品牌推广、达到4＋1＞5的经营协同效应。
企业兼并后，可将某药业公司的高额利润按国家有关政策用于弥补原四家国营企业的历年亏损，在赢利后，企业享受合资企业的各种优惠政策，由于兼并后可使银行贷款利率由原来较高调到现在较低的利率水平，极大地缓减财务压力，获得相应的财务效应。
兼并后通过对企业的改造，降低原四家企业重复建设，合理建立各种连锁店，利用原四家医药流通企业的网络及经验优势，降低风险并提高企业的经营效率。
成都市某药业公司在兼并成都市四家医药流通企业后设立各种医药及保健连锁网络，建立起牢固的市场营销网络及市场调研网络，通过横向兼并相应的药品、保健及洗涤等专业生产企业，提高对产品市场的控制，并根据市场反馈的信息，开发新产品，实现企业较长远的发展战略。
兼并后，能有效扩大市场份额，增加销售渠道，通过对比兼并前后的经营效果，而让兼并各方企业及其主管部门同意积极兼并工作。
要达到相应的效应，在具体操作处理上，针对国有企业，最大的问题在于负债的处理和员工安置。这是具体实施方案中特别注意的，为了给兼并后的企业更多的发展机会，依据国家各部门出台的有关兼并政策结合企业实际情况提出具体的政策需求债务处理及人员安排方案并作为附件。
综上所述后，故在实施方案设计中，按下述思路进行设计：
首先介绍兼并各方企业的基本情况，突出各自的主要特点和优势；据国家及地方有关政策提出兼并的理由和兼并方式，在兼并总体目标部分，将兼并后达到的积极效果（目标）量?
Merger is an important means & modes of capital operation and is an effective approach to enterprises to realize their fast expansion. The merging party, merged party and parties concerned make their decisions to accept merger or not through reading and studying the schemes of merger which play a decisive role in a merger.
The definition of the enterprise merger is discussed this paper in a narrow sense, which means when one enterprise emerges another one or several other ones, the former still retains the p legal personality whereas the latter will lose its or their legal personality. Furthermore, the former acquires the right to control the latter.
Along with the progressive development of socialist market economy in china, rules of competition play an important role upon the development of thousands of enterprises always suffer losses, of which normal productive & operation activities can be hardly maintained. However, another part of enterprises are growing and developing gradually through competition, of which the expansionary motives become intensifying increasingly. As an effective approach for further development of profitable enterprises and meanwhile for the support to the survival of the enterprises that always suffer losses, enterprise merger has been given much support by the authorities concerned. Parties in merger actively participate in merger activities because they have seen the positive effects resulting from the merger. This article describes the meaning of the merger, the important role played by the merger schemes, introduces the historical background of the enterprise merger in China, explains the positive effects resulting from the merger and discusses the design scheme of the merger of a state-owned pharmaceutical enterprisedone by a pharmaceutical company in Chengdu (hereinafter referred to as "the company").
The company has a registered capital of RMB180 million yuan. It introduces in the word advanced pharmaceutical structure, develops and operates 4 major sorts of products as medicine, health food, cosmetic & detergent. The company sets the goal to become a pharmaceutical enterprise with an annual output valued RMB 10 billion yuan based on strong technical support, large-sized marketing network covering domestic retail market, operating structure of high efficiency & reasonable organizational structure. Through much effort, the company has purchased a production base having an area of 462 Mu of land in Chengdu economic development zone. Such base will be used for raw material extraction & product preparation. A pilot plant including re-packing units have been built, the certificates for production & sanitary certificates for the production & detergent are now available. The aforesaid newly built production base has been designed strictly following the relevant requirements set forth by WHO and GMP codes & standards. The annual output value will reach to RMB 10 billion yuan in normal years and the total value of profit plus tax will amount to RMB 1.65 billion yuan. This production base will have the largest production capacity as well largest the land area in Aria. In addition, the company has set up a transitional production base with 9 re-packing production lines installed for bottle packing, packing for health food packs and for aluminium-plastic packing, thus forming production capacity with an annual output value of RMB 2 billion yuan. The company has strong and effective marketing network which is the basis for market operation based on the marketing strategies of having diversified products and large areacoverage ratio, having formed a relatively complete sales network nationwide. The company follows the tendency of day with an advanced sense of fast development, forming a superior enterprise based on high tech and extensive, intensive and specialized management at high starting point.
Chengdu pharmaceutical cop., chengdu medicine procurement & supply center, Chengdu Chinese pharmaceutical corp. and Chinese traditional Medicine Procurement & supply
本文所讨论的为狭义的企业兼并，是指一个企业吸收一个或更多的企业，前者依然保持自己的法人资格，而后者失去法人资格，前者获得后者的控制权。
由于竞争机制随着我国社会主义市场经济的逐步建立开始作用于千千万万个企业，结果很大一部分企业长期亏损，难以维持正常的生产经营活动，而另一部分企业则在竞争中逐步发展壮大，扩张冲动不断强化，企业兼并作为发展效益好的企业和救活亏损企业的一种有效手段，受到各级主管部门的大力支持。
参与兼并各方积极推进兼并工作，其目的是看到了企业兼并的各种效应。本文通过阐述兼并的含义及方案的作用，介绍我国企业兼并的历史原因，论述兼并产生的积极效应，再探讨成都某药业公司兼并四家医药流通企业的方案设计。
成都某药业公司注册资本金1．8亿元人民币，公司引进国际先进之药业结构方式，开发经营药品、保健品、化妆品、洗涤用品四个大类，为目前国内唯一如此组合之大型现代化医药保健企业。某药业公司以百亿药业为目标，产品技术做支撑，市场实施大零售覆盖、高效的经营机制，人才结构合理。历经努力，某药业公司在台商经济开发区购置原材料提取、制备基地462亩，分装及中试生产基地已建成，药品、保健食品、化妆品及洗涤品等的生产企业合格证、卫生许可证均已获得并取得证照。
某药业公司新建之基地占地450亩，按世界卫生组织（WHO）
成都市医药公司、成都医药采购供应站、成都市中药材公司和成都中药材采购供应站均建于五十年代，属国有大型医药流通企业，在计划经济时期 承担着全市医药和中药材的批发、零售及调拨业务。四家企业共有职工4214人，其中在岗职工2591人，离退休职工1362人，停薪留职及退养人员共261人。
在计划经济向市场经济转轨过程中，医药流通格局发生根本变化，由于经营机制、经营观念、营销方式、管理模式滞后等原因，四家医药流通企业效益逐年下滑，亏损增加。截止1998年5月底，四家医药流通企业累计亏损已达1．33亿元，资产负债率达到100．76％，应收货款高达8067万元，其中部分属于呆帐、死帐，根本无法收回。库存1．69亿元商品中，相当部分属于有质量、效期问题商品。由于长期负债无法偿还，银行信誉已大大降低，贷款无门，已对经营工作赞成严重威胁，98年1～5月销售2．26亿元，经营形势严峻，企业不堪重负，已达资不抵债，难以为继的境地。
针对本次成都市某药业公司在兼并成都市四家国营企业，可以产生下述效应：
原医药企业的生产基地按100亿元产值规模生产系列保健产品、洗涤用品及医药产品，生产将更集中、更专业化；同时，在兼
企业兼并后，可将某药业公司的高额利润按国家有关政策用于弥补原四家国营企业的历年亏损，在赢利后，企业享受合资企业的各种优惠政策，由于兼并后可使银行贷款利率由原来较高调到现在较低的利率水平，极大地缓减财务压力，获得相应的财务效应。
兼并后通过对企业的改造，降低原四家企业重复建设，合理建立各种连锁店，利用原四家医药流通企业的网络及经验优势，降低风险并提高企业的经营效率。
成都市某药业公司在兼并成都市四家医药流通企业后设立各种医药及保健连锁网络，建立起牢固的市场营销网络及市场调研网络，通过横向兼并相应的药品、保健及洗涤等专业生产企业，提高对产品市场的控制，并根据市场反馈的信息，开发新产品，实现企业较长远的发展战略。
兼并后，能有效扩大市场份额，增加销售渠道，通过对比兼并前后的经营效果，而让兼并各方企业及其主管部门同意积极兼并工作。
要达到相应的效应，在具体操作处理上，针对国有企业，最大的问题在于负债的处理和员工安置。这是具体实施方案中特别注意的，为了给兼并后的企业更多的发展机会，依据国家各部门出台的有关兼并政策结合企业实际情况提出具体的政策需求债务处理及人员安排方案并作为附件。
综上所述后，故在实施方案设计中，按下述思路进行设计：
首先介绍兼并各方企业的基本情况，突出各自的主要特点和优势；据国家及地方有关政策提出兼并的理由和兼并方式，在兼并总
Merger is an important means & modes of capital operation and is an effective approach to enterprises to realize their fast expansion. The merging party, merged party and parties concerned make their decisions to accept merger or not through reading and studying the schemes of merger which play a decisive role in a merger.
The definition of the enterprise merger is discussed this paper in a narrow sense, which means when one enterprise emerges another one or several other ones, the former still retains the p legal personality whereas the latter will lose its or their legal personality. Furthermore, the former acquires the right to control the latter.
Along with the progressive development of socialist market economy in china, rules of competition play an important role upon the development of thousands of enterprises always suffer losses, of which normal productive & operation activities can be hardly maintained. However, another part of enterprises are growing and developing gradually through competition, of which the expansionary motives become intensifying increasingly. As an effective approach for further development of profitable enterprises and meanwhile for the support to the survival of the enterprises that always suffer losses, enterprise merger has been given much support by the authorities concerned. Parties in merger actively participate in merger activities because they have seen the positive effects resulting from the merger. This article describes the meaning of the merger, the important role played by the merger schemes, introduces the historical background of the enterprise merger in China, explains the positive effects resulting from the merger and discusses the design scheme of the merger of a state-owned pharmaceutical enterprise
The company has a registered capital of RMB180 million yuan. It introduces in the word advanced pharmaceutical structure, develops and operates 4 major sorts of products as medicine, health food, cosmetic & detergent. The company sets the goal to become a pharmaceutical enterprise with an annual output valued RMB 10 billion yuan based on strong technical support, large-sized marketing network covering domestic retail market, operating structure of high efficiency & reasonable organizational structure. Through much effort, the company has purchased a production base having an area of 462 Mu of land in Chengdu economic development zone. Such base will be used for raw material extraction & product preparation. A pilot plant including re-packing units have been built, the certificates for production & sanitary certificates for the production & detergent are now available. The aforesaid newly built production base has been designed strictly following the relevant requirements set forth by WHO and GMP codes & standards. The annual output value will reach to RMB 10 billion yuan in normal years and the total value of profit plus tax will amount to RMB 1.65 billion yuan. This production base will have the largest production capacity as well largest the land area in Aria. In addition, the company has set up a transitional production base with 9 re-packing production lines installed for bottle packing, packing for health food packs and for aluminium-plastic packing, thus forming production capacity with an annual output value of RMB 2 billion yuan. The company has strong and effective marketing network which is the basis for market operation based on the marketing strategies of having diversified products and large area
Chengdu pharmaceutical cop., chengdu medicine procurement & supply center, Chengdu Chinese pharmaceutical corp. and Chinese traditional Medicine Procurement & supply
引文
1. 国家体改委生产体制司组织编写《资本营运指导全书》（上，下册）中国经济出版社1998年
2. 郭元唏著《资本经营》西南财经大学出版社1998年
3. 陈共，周升业，吴晓求主编《公司购并原理与案例》中国人民大学出版社1998年
4. 秦绪祥主编《上市捷径》中国社会出版社1999年5成都市国有资产重组工作领导小组办公室编《企业改革文件资料选编》1997年
5. 财政部注册会计师考试委员会办公室 编《财务成本管理》东北财经大学出版社 1999年
2. 郭元唏著《资本经营》西南财经大学出版社1998年
3. 陈共，周升业，吴晓求主编《公司购并原理与案例》中国人民大学出版社1998年
4. 秦绪祥主编《上市捷径》中国社会出版社1999年5成都市国有资产重组工作领导小组办公室编《企业改革文件资料选编》1997年
5. 财政部注册会计师考试委员会办公室 编《财务成本管理》东北财经大学出版社 1999年