用户名: 密码: 验证码:
清肝益气降压方对自发性高血压大鼠血管重构的影响及配伍机理研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
临床方剂配伍研究是方剂学研究的重点内容与前沿领域,病证结合组方配伍方法与规律的研究又是其中的重大课题之一。本文借助治疗临床代表性常见病高血压病的组方配伍方法的研究,对这一命题进行探索,为临床组方提供新的思路与依据。本文分为上下两篇:
    上篇对临床方剂配伍研究及高血压病中医治疗的现状与不足进行全面详细地回顾性研究,发现临床对高血压病辨证论治的证型及治法尚不完善,对高血压病的辨证论治研究较多,而对其疾病的演变转机研究较少,难以形成病证结合且疗效稳定的治法方药,给方药的疗效客观化衡量与作用机理的阐述带来困难;对高血压病合并脏器损害的保护研究亦仍显不足等。这从一个侧面反映出临床病证结合组方配伍研究的不足。
    在下篇理论研究部分,将潜在病机研究作为病证结合组方配伍的重要理论依据与支撑点。首次提出潜在病机还应包括与当前病机(显性及隐性病机)直接关联的前、后病机。认为明确其概念并认识其重要性,有利于对病的发展演变规律的把握,更能提高临床处方用药病证结合的可操作性。处方时应有意识地兼顾前、后病机而用药,才能更好地将疾病的演变因素纳入方药的治疗体系中,从而体现对病的辨治及病证结合的治疗。
    在对高血压病初期阶段病因病机及演变规律进行深入研究的基础上,分析当前临床治疗高血压病的方法思路,提出“肝火耗气是高血压病初期的重要潜在病机之一,清肝益气法是高血压病的重要治法”的工作假说。血管重构是高血压靶器官损害最早表现之一,是影响预后的病理因素。高血压病初期肝火耗气与血管重构及其影响因素存在病程上的密切相关性。通过对自发性高血压大鼠模型(SHR)的降压作用及抑制血管重构的分子机制研究,以揭示清肝益气降压方干预高血压病发展与转归的深层机理。
    实验研究结果显示,清肝益气降压方有明显的降压作用,与牛黄降压丸相比,降压作用较弱,作用出现较慢,但持续时间较长,疗程给药后作用突出。本方可能主要通过提高NO水平来调整ET/NO的平衡,调控血管的舒缩、降低血管张力,这可能是其发挥降压作用的重要机制。而初步拆方研究表明,黄芪在此项作用中有显著的配伍增效作用。清肝益气全方能降低血浆AngⅡ浓度,故抑制RAS系统的活性可能是本方降低血压的重要机制之一。本方可能通过减少TNFα的分泌或增加其清除而具有降低血清TNFα的作用,从而发挥其改善血压的作用。黄芪与清肝降火药物配伍后,可以增强其对SHR的降压作用。且在全方减低SHR血浆NO的作用中,黄芪有明显的配伍增效效用。但黄芪的加入似乎某种程度上抵消
    
    了清热药的减低心率的作用,这与中医药性理论中寒温不同似有某种契合,其机理有待进一步研究。
    清肝益气降压方用药后30天血管局部bFGF水平降低,提示本方长期降压效果及血管保护效应可能通过抑制血管组织bFGF等生长促进因子来实现.抑制血管组织的生长促进因子表达,对于逆转高血压血管平滑肌增殖,减少心脑血管事件的发生具有重要意义。本研究中,用药各组及空白组主动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡均不明显,可能从另一侧面反映出本方对血管增殖与重构的抑制作用。其更深层机理仍有待进一步研究分析
Research on clinical formula compatibility is an important content and advancing front field in the study of formulaeology. In the aspect, one of the major subjects is the research on prescription compatibility method and the regular pattern of combining disease diagnosis with the syndrome differentiation. In this thesis, by researching on the formula compatibility method of treating the clinical representative common disease- Essential Hypertension (EH), the proposition above has been explored to provide the foundation and a new way of thinking for clinical prescription. The thesis is divided into two parts.
    In the first part, the current status and shortage of the research both on clinical formula compatibility and the TCM treatment in hypertension were researched retrospectively. Clinically the syndrome differentiation types and therapeutic methods in treating EH have been found to be faulty. There is more research on syndrome differentiation and treatment of EH, but less research on evolvement of the disease process. The therapeutic method and prescription combining disease with syndrome is not easy to be formed. That makes it difficult to evaluate the effect of prescription objectively and to illustrate its mechanism. The research on preventing organ damage complication of EH is insufficient, and so on. All the above indicates the lack of the research on clinical formula compatibility that combines disease with syndrome.
    In the theoretic study of the second part, the theory of latent pathogenesis is taken as the important basis and supporting point of the prescription compatibility combining disease with syndrome. This research put forward for the very first time that the latent pathogenesis should include the pre-pathogenesis and post pathogenesis, which are associated directly with the current pathogenesis (apparent and concealed pathogenesis). Defining its conception and realizing its importance would be favorable to grasp the developing and evolving pattern of the disease, and also to promote the maneuverability of clinical prescription combining disease with syndrome. Conscious attention should be given to the pre-pathogenesis and post pathogenesis when prescribing herbs. So as to bring the evolvement factors of disease into the prescription therapy system, which embodies the therapy of integrating the disease diagnosis with the syndrome differentiation.
    On the basis of researching the cause and pathogenesis and the evolving pattern of EH in its early stage, analyzing the current clinical method and thinking in treating EH, the author put forward a hypothesis that liver fire consuming Qi is an important latent pathogenesis at the early stage of EH, clearing liver fire and supplementing Qi is an
    
    important therapeutic method. Vascular re-modeling is the earliest manifestation of target organ damage and prognosis factor in EH. At EH's early stage, the pathogenesis of liver fire consuming Qi has a close relativity with vascular re-modeling and influencing factors in the course of disease. By researching on the antihypertensive effect and the molecular mechanism in restraining vascular re-modeling in the Spontaneous Hypertension Rat (SHR), the paper tried to prove out the deeper mechanism that makes the formula of clearing liver fire and supplementing Qi interfering with EH development and transformation.
    The experimental results showed that the antihypertensive formula of clearing liver fire and supplementing Qi had an obvious antihypertensive effect. Compared with Niuhuang Jiangya Wan(Niuhuang Antihypertensive Pill), its antihypertensive action was relatively weak, acting slowly but lasting longer, and had a prominent effect after taking the formula for curative courses, This formula had the effect of adjusting the ET/NO balance by boosting NO level in plasma, regulating vascular expansion and contraction to reduce vascular tension. This is probably one of the main mechanisms of the antihypertensive effect of this formula. The analyzing of taking apart the formula indicated that Huangqi had a
引文
1.高忠英.临床处方用药配伍规律探讨.北京中医,1997,15(6):44
    2.郑明文.试论中药临床配伍规律.陕西中医学院学报,1993,15(4):28
    3.李树桂.郭绍伟.略谈组方规律及其临床意义.内蒙古中医药,1996,16(4):28
    4.吴依娜.临床自拟方剂时应注意避免的八个问题.广州中医学院学报,1993,10(3):167
    5.查良伦,沈自尹.补阳还五汤冲剂治疗缺血性中风的临床研究.中医中西医结合杂志,1994,14(2):74
    6.石庭锋,肖风梅,赵世东,等.论中药配方与临床疗效.中国药事,1998,12(3):167
    7.周月芬,董碎珍.谈谈中药处方配剂对临床疗效的影响.新中医,1995,27(8):55
    8.汪 波.小药方剂与临床疗效的关系浅析.湖南中医杂志,1996,12(4):42
    9.丁福琴,唐立才,余琨.中药调配与临床换关系.山东医药,1995,35(10):59
    10.杨华光.中医临床论治决策的思维原则.中医研究,1992,5(1):3
    11.罗颂平,张玉珍,罗元恺.辨证论治中的两分法.新中医,1994,26(1):15
    12.傅文录.临证不效时的思路与方法.长春中医学院学报,1993,9(1):8
    13.晁国光.选方用药法的临床体会.陕西中医函授,1994,(4):18
    14.韩 锋.临证与遣药组方点滴体会.北京中医药大学学报,1994,17(4):64
    15.谢 鸣.临证选方配伍及其规律 北京中医药大学学报1999;22(4):2
    16.刘绍贵.中药临床药学研究思路与方法的探讨.湖南中医学院学报,1992,12(4):10
    17.陆丽殊.中药临床药学的现状与展望.中国药事,1997,11〔4〕:265
    18.张年顺.补中益气汤临床应用规律探讨.北京中医药大学学报,1995,18(4),16
    19.王 珈,王迪,张守锁,等.谈方剂的“护正性”配伍,中医药信息,1998,(4):26
    20.周世熊.论方剂组成的补泻关系,江西中医药,1993,24(5):49
    21.卢水兵,卢灿辉.活血化瘀药之配伍.光明中医,1998,13(6):8
    22.张 杰,王 珈,杨海森.常用活血祛瘀方剂的配伍特点,中国中医基础医学杂志,1999.5(增):156
    23.王 建.活血化瘀药的合理应用与思考.中国中医基础医学杂志,1999,5〔增〕:321
    24.王凯旋,毕明刚,沈 雁.试论补益剂的主要配伍特征—动静结合.中医药信息,l997,〔4〕:7
    25.樊巧玲.补益剂配伍机理述要.中医函授通汛,1997,16,1):8
    
    
    26.郑贵力.理气药在方剂中的增效作用探微.中医函授通讯,1996,(5):20
    27.刘永昌.既病防变在方剂中的体现.山东中医学院学报,1992,16(1):25
    28.秦 林,彭 欣.论寒热配伍在痹证治疗中的意义.中国中药杂志,1999,24(2):112
    29.赖祥林.大黄配伍的临床应用探讨,贵阳中医学院学报,1993,15(1):47
    30.沈敏南.大黄药对11种.贵阳中医学院学报,1993,15(1):51
    31.承忠委,马继松,彭绍荣.黄芪十配.辽宁中医杂志,1990,14(10):38
    32.余韵星.白芍不同炮制品的配伍与临床应用.中国中药杂志,1990,15(1):55
    33.邵祖燕,张金宝.脾胃病临床对药集锦.天津个医,1992,(3):32.
    34.韩新民,等.四逆汤对麻醉家兔低血压状态升压效应的初步拆方研究.中成药研究,1983,5(2):26
    35.陈协平.反佐用药的临床体会.陕西中医,1995,16(12):562
    36.潘建华.反佐药临床应用举隅.国医论坛,1995,(2):35
    37.谢沛荣.反佐法临床运用举隅.新中医,1996,28(12):14
    38.杨胜辉,刘 威.十八反中几组药物配伍的临床应用.陕西中医,2000,21(4):179
    39.韩 洪,人参、五灵脂配伍治疗心绞痛33例观察.北京中医,1997,16(1):51
    40.扎合拉什.丁香配郁金治验二则.新疆中医药,1997,15(2):39
    41.王世彪,何继红.反畏恶配伍在肿瘤的临床应用采菁.山西中医,8(1):45
    42.关天增。藻戟遂芫俱战草的实验研究.河南中医药学刊,1995,10(1):13
    43.汤友瑞.川乌、草乌与贝母、半夏配伍不良反应1例报告.中国中医骨伤科杂志,1991,7(3):43
    44.谭永东.浅谈专病专方之组方思路若干问题.中医药学报,1990,1990,(6):10
    45.范仁忠,龚 云,马宗华.专方治疗的简史简况和当代专方的特点.安徽中医学院学报,1993,12(4):3
    46.张惠鸣.浅谈中成药的临床运用及配伍问题.青海医药杂志,2000,30 (6):60
    47.陈小花,陈秀榕.浅论中成药的临床选用及配伍.中成药,1996,18 (11):47
    48.于翠华,周煜中,陈东玲.浅谈合理使用中成药的几个问题.河北中西医结合杂志,1998,7(12),1956
    49.韩先知.中成药临床应用体会点滴.四川中医,1993,(12):21
    50.陶乃贵,张振英.药引与中成药的配伍意义.中成药,1992,14(4):51
    51.杨玉福.对中成药疗效欠佳的剖析.中成药,1994,16〔9〕:25
    52.刘云芳.试析影响中成药疗效的相关因素.时珍国药研究,1997,8(6):573
    53.李景良.应用中成药应注意的几个问题.国医论坛,1996,11(4):47
    54.王 左.回阳救逆法治疗邪毒内陷所致厥脱证.中成药,1994,16(1):28
    55.高齐富.中西药配伍禁忌浅析.中华实用中西医杂志,2000,13(17):1013
    56.李译明,宿俊英,姜桂兰.中西药品合用不合理问题分析.中医药学报,1992(5)45
    
    
    57.张振娟.中成药与西药的不合理伍用.中成药,1997,19(9):21
    58.方士英.抗生素与中药之间的配伍禁忌.现代中西医结合杂志,2000,9(2):177
    59.刘小平.浅论矿物中药与西药的不合理配伍.实用中西医结合杂志,1992,5(1):278
    60.祝业光,冯进华.甘草与西药的不合理联用.中国医院药学杂志,199l,11(5):555
    61.谢 鸣.中医方剂现代研究.学苑出版社,1997,9:23
    62.李 飞,柴瑞霁,樊巧玲.方剂的配伍方法.人民卫生出版社,2001,1
    63.赵力维,闫琪,王丹等.谈中药在临床运用中几个带有普遍性的问题.长春中医学院学报,1996,12(12):54
    64.王琦.论辩病研究中存在的问题,安徽中医学院学报,1998,17(2):4
    65.李庆业.治法不应属于方剂学研究范畴,北京中医药大学学报,2002;25(12):15
    66.张跃华.试论方剂的组方原则,陕西中医,2002;23(4):355
    67.章健.略论通治方与专治方,北京中医药大学学报,2002;25(12):10
    68.蒋永光,金桂花,李认书,等.合方对中药方剂应用的启示,中医杂志,2002;43(3):229

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700