黑龙江嘉荫沿江地区晚白垩世植物群及地层

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英文题名：Late Cretaceous Plants and Stratigraphy of Jiayin along the Heilongjiang River, China 作者：全成 论文级别：博士 学科专业名称：古生物学与地层学 学位年度：2005 导师：孙革 学科代码：070903 学位授予单位：吉林大学 论文提交日期：2005-12-01 答辩委员会主席：巩恩普

摘要

本文系统描述了黑龙江嘉荫沿江地区晚白垩世植物化石及其所在地层。首次建立了晚白垩世永安村组植物组合(Parataxodium-Quereuxia)及太平林场组植物组合(Metasequoia-Trochodendroides-“Pistia”)。结合孢粉、恐龙及大植物化石的研究以及与邻区俄罗斯结雅—布列亚盆地晚白垩世生物地层对比,认为永安村组时代为柯尼亚克期—三冬期(Coniacian-Santonian),太平林场组时代为三冬期—坎潘期(Santonian-Campanian),渔亮子组时代为马斯特里赫特早—中期(early-middle Maastrichtian),富饶组时代为马斯特里赫特晚期(late Maastrichtian)。与此同时,较详细地讨论了黑龙江南北两岸晚白垩世地层的划分与对比。
    在古气候、古环境方面,本文根据植物大化石的表皮构造、现生亲缘及叶相等特征,探讨了嘉荫沿江地区晚白垩世气候,认为此时期该区地处暖温带—温带,为较潮湿而温暖的气候环境;并重点研究了银杏类植物化石指示古环境中的作用。
    在前人探讨我国东北早期被子植物主要演化发展阶段的基础上,本文对比研究了嘉荫地区晚白垩世被子植物的特征,首次提出了Trochodendroides-“Pistia”组合,并讨论我国东北晚中生代被子植物的辐射与演化。
    在研究方法方面,本文运用了古植物、孢粉及其它古生物化石研究与地层学、同位素年代地层学、古气候学等多学科综合研究的方法,力求对研究区的植物群、地层划分对比及古环境等的分析更加客观、全面。与此同时还兼讨论了上述生物地层研究与白垩纪—第三纪(K-T)之交地质事件的关系。
    总之,嘉荫沿江地区晚白垩世植物群及其地层研究,将在一定程度上推动我国东北地区白垩纪植物群、地层及古地理古气候等研究,并为中国早期被子植物的发展演化研究提供新的资料。

引文

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