高碳钢丝及制品的塑性加工工艺与组织性能研究
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摘要
本文研究了SWRH57B、SWRH72B和SWRH82B高碳钢盘条的拉拔及球化退火工艺，分析了盘条拉拔过程中珠光体组织的变化规律和低温退火过程中渗碳体球化机理，讨论了化学成分、变形量、加热温度及保温时间对球化过程的影响。实验结果表明，高碳钢丝在拉拔过程中，薄片状渗碳体可以通过延伸、弯曲或折叠的变形方式来协调变形，同时提高材料的强度；采用无氧化罩式退火炉对钢丝进行球化退火，三种钢丝均可获得良好粒状珠光体组织。在本实验条件下，细小、圆形的渗碳体均匀的分布在铁素体等轴晶粒的晶界处，球状渗碳体颗粒大小约为1μm，铁素体的平均晶粒大小约为3μm；钢丝球化退火后表面光亮，无新增氧化脱碳现象；并具有良好的通条力学性能。
研究了钢丝轧扁工艺，分析了圆钢丝轧制扁钢丝变形规律和特点，拟合了圆钢丝轧制扁钢丝的宽展经验公式为△B=(0.1942～0.1949)(△h/H)(R△h)~(1/2)，并应用于轧制不同规格高精度扁钢带实际生产中。
本文对高碳钢丝制品金属针布的组织性能进行了分析，实验结果表明：采用SWRH72B钢丝制备的金属针布齿尖金相组织为隐针状马氏体+少量未溶碳化物，未溶碳化物量小于3％；齿尖淬硬层显微组织为1级，齿尖显微硬度为765HV，其基部组织为粒状珠光体，基部显微硬度为205HV；采用70NbV钢丝制备金属针布齿尖金相组织为细隐针状马氏体+少量未溶碳化物，未溶碳化物含量达到10％左右，齿尖显微硬度为849HV，基部显微硬度为209HV，组织和性能明显优于SWRH72B制备的金属针布，与国外先进金属针布组织和性能相当，完全可以代替进口针布。
In this paper,the drawing and spheroidize annealing processes of SWRH57EK SWRH72B SWRH82B high-carbon wire rod was studied.The deforming mechanism of pearlite and spheroidize annealing mechanism of pearlite at low temperature was deeply analyzed.The effect of chemical composition,deforming degree,heating temperature and holding time on cementite sphericity was investigated.The results of experimental shown that the cementite lamellae were deformed and thinned to a fibrous shape then the tensile strength of all the drawn wires increases continuously with increasing strain.Under the present experimental conditions,by control annealing parameters,good obtain annealing quality of wire was obtained.Fine and uniform cementite with spherical appearance distribute on the crystal boundary of equiaxed ferrite crystals.The size of spherical cementite particle is about 1 μ m and the size of ferrite grain is about 3 μ m.By annealing in non-oxidizing atmosphere cover anneal furnace,no oxideo-decarbonisation combining was
observed on the surface of wire,which ensures the good mechanical
property of wire.
The wire rolling proceeding and analyzing the deforming mechanism in rolling
high-precision metal strip bar were studied. The experiential formula of width calculation
was regressed,which is It can be applied to practical
rolling of high-precision metal strip bar.
On the basis of analyzing the microstructure, property and producing craftwork of oversea advanced card wires,SWRH72B and 70NbV high-carbon wire were choosed to
produce card wires. The result shows that the microstructure of the radular of SWRH72B card wire is fine needle-shape martemper and a few cementite particles(<3%) and the microstructure of root is spherical pearlite.The quenching microstructure of radular is evaluated as level 1 ,which is 765 HV;The microstructure of the radular of 70NbV card wire is also fine needle-shape martemper and a few cementite particles (10%)and the microstructure of root is spherical pearlite.But the micro-hardness of the radular of 70NbV card wire is 849HV,the microstructure as well as property is better than that of SWRH72B card wire.In addition,the microstructure and property of 70NbV card wire is as good as that of overseas,therefore,70NbVcard wire can be used as substitute for overseas advanced card wires.
研究了钢丝轧扁工艺，分析了圆钢丝轧制扁钢丝变形规律和特点，拟合了圆钢丝轧制扁钢丝的宽展经验公式为△B=(0.1942～0.1949)(△h/H)(R△h)~(1/2)，并应用于轧制不同规格高精度扁钢带实际生产中。
本文对高碳钢丝制品金属针布的组织性能进行了分析，实验结果表明：采用SWRH72B钢丝制备的金属针布齿尖金相组织为隐针状马氏体+少量未溶碳化物，未溶碳化物量小于3％；齿尖淬硬层显微组织为1级，齿尖显微硬度为765HV，其基部组织为粒状珠光体，基部显微硬度为205HV；采用70NbV钢丝制备金属针布齿尖金相组织为细隐针状马氏体+少量未溶碳化物，未溶碳化物含量达到10％左右，齿尖显微硬度为849HV，基部显微硬度为209HV，组织和性能明显优于SWRH72B制备的金属针布，与国外先进金属针布组织和性能相当，完全可以代替进口针布。
In this paper,the drawing and spheroidize annealing processes of SWRH57EK SWRH72B SWRH82B high-carbon wire rod was studied.The deforming mechanism of pearlite and spheroidize annealing mechanism of pearlite at low temperature was deeply analyzed.The effect of chemical composition,deforming degree,heating temperature and holding time on cementite sphericity was investigated.The results of experimental shown that the cementite lamellae were deformed and thinned to a fibrous shape then the tensile strength of all the drawn wires increases continuously with increasing strain.Under the present experimental conditions,by control annealing parameters,good obtain annealing quality of wire was obtained.Fine and uniform cementite with spherical appearance distribute on the crystal boundary of equiaxed ferrite crystals.The size of spherical cementite particle is about 1 μ m and the size of ferrite grain is about 3 μ m.By annealing in non-oxidizing atmosphere cover anneal furnace,no oxideo-decarbonisation combining was
observed on the surface of wire,which ensures the good mechanical
property of wire.
The wire rolling proceeding and analyzing the deforming mechanism in rolling
high-precision metal strip bar were studied. The experiential formula of width calculation
was regressed,which is It can be applied to practical
rolling of high-precision metal strip bar.
On the basis of analyzing the microstructure, property and producing craftwork of oversea advanced card wires,SWRH72B and 70NbV high-carbon wire were choosed to
produce card wires. The result shows that the microstructure of the radular of SWRH72B card wire is fine needle-shape martemper and a few cementite particles(<3%) and the microstructure of root is spherical pearlite.The quenching microstructure of radular is evaluated as level 1 ,which is 765 HV;The microstructure of the radular of 70NbV card wire is also fine needle-shape martemper and a few cementite particles (10%)and the microstructure of root is spherical pearlite.But the micro-hardness of the radular of 70NbV card wire is 849HV,the microstructure as well as property is better than that of SWRH72B card wire.In addition,the microstructure and property of 70NbV card wire is as good as that of overseas,therefore,70NbVcard wire can be used as substitute for overseas advanced card wires.
引文
[1] 戴宝昌等编，重要用途线材制品生产技术，冶金工业出版社，2001
[2] 通产省．统计，线材制品，26，2001
[3] Industry News.WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL, 1993～2001.
[4] 钱勤生，宝钢优质高速线材生产，金属制品，2(27)，46—47，2001
[5] Mahoud Ajaj.Arab Countries and Special Steel. Arab Steel, March,7,1999
[6] 费青，新型针布高耐磨钢丝材质的分析与研究(上)[J]，纺织器材，23，6，5—10，1996
[7] 费青，新型针布高耐磨钢丝材质的分析与研究(下)[J]，纺织器材，24，1，6—8，1997
[8] 费青，高产梳棉机新型针布选用配套及其梳理效果团，纺织器材，25，6，7—16，1998
[9] 中国机械工业标准汇编，中国标准出版社等编，中国标准出版社出版，2002．
[10] 金属材料金相热处理标准汇编、国家钢铁产品质量监督检验中心编；中国标准出版社出版，2000
[11] 金属材料物理试验方法标准汇编(上)、(下)，冶金工业信息标准研究院标准化研究所；中国标准出版社第二编辑室编；中国标准出版社出版，2002
[12] Won Jong Nam,Chu Min Bae.Materials science and Engineering 203,278-285,1995.
[13] M.A.P.Dewey and G.W.Briers,JISI,2,102, 1996.
[14] Michael Zelin.,Acta materialia.No.50,4431— 4447,2002.
[15] M.H.Hong,W.T.Reynolds,Jr.,T. Tarui, and K.Hono,Metall. Mater.Trans.,30A,717,1999.
[16] Geltkov AC, Filippov VV.Steel,2,45,2001.
[17] Hidaka H,TsuchiyamaT, Takaki S.Scr Mater.,44,1503-1508,2001.
[18] Courtesy of Dr Tashiro H., Nippon Steel Co.,1999.
[19] Ibaraki,N.Makii.,K.Ochiai,K.,Oki,Y.,Wire rods for ultra tensile steel cord. In:Proc.of 69th Wire & Cable Technical Symposium,Guilford,USA:The Wire Assoctl,p. 1,1999.
[20] WatteP, Van Humbeeck J,Aemoudt E,Lefever I.Scr-Mate., ,44,1201-1207,1996.
[21] Delrue,H.Bruneel,E.,Van Humbeeck,J.,Aernoudt,E.2000.Atomic ForceMicroscopy:a powerful tool to studythe radial gradients in mechanical properties ofharddrawn pearlitic steel wire. In: Proc. of 70th Wire & Cable Technical Symposium,Guilford,USA:The Wire Assoe.Intl.,p.5.
[22] H.. G.Read,W.T.Reynolds,Jr. ,K.Hono,and T. Tarui,Seripta Meter.,37,1221-1228,1997.
[23] T.Tarui,T.Takahashi,S.Ohashi,and R. Uemori,Iron Steelmaker.,21,25,1994.
[24] EDanoix,X. Sauvage,D.Julien,and J.Copreaux,Mater.Sci.Eng.,A250,8,1998.
[25] Courtesy Mr Taniyama T.Sumitomo,Metals Ind,1999.
[26] K.Hono,M.Ohnuma,M.Murayarna, S.Nishida,A.Yoshi and T.Takahashi.,Scripta mater.,
44,997—983,2001．
[27] 徐祖耀，金属材料热力学，科技出版社，1983
[28] 热处理手册编写组，热处理手册1，北京，机械工业出版社，1991
[29] 安运铮，热处理工艺学，机械工业出版社，1982
[30] 王廷溥等编，金属塑性加工学，冶金工业出版社，1988
[31] 姜建新，邹士柏，钢丝压扁的宽展分析[J]，纺织器材，12，1，2217，1985
[32] 戴雄杰，摩擦学基础[M]，上海科学技术出版社，1984
[33] 谭树青，．王经涛编，金属塑性加工物理基础．陕西科学技术出版社出版，1996
[34] 费青等，金属针布的设计制造和使用，北京：纺织工业出版社，1990
[35] 费青，改善针布齿条热处理工艺的研究(上)[J]，纺织器材，26，5，9—16，1999
[2] 通产省．统计，线材制品，26，2001
[3] Industry News.WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL, 1993～2001.
[4] 钱勤生，宝钢优质高速线材生产，金属制品，2(27)，46—47，2001
[5] Mahoud Ajaj.Arab Countries and Special Steel. Arab Steel, March,7,1999
[6] 费青，新型针布高耐磨钢丝材质的分析与研究(上)[J]，纺织器材，23，6，5—10，1996
[7] 费青，新型针布高耐磨钢丝材质的分析与研究(下)[J]，纺织器材，24，1，6—8，1997
[8] 费青，高产梳棉机新型针布选用配套及其梳理效果团，纺织器材，25，6，7—16，1998
[9] 中国机械工业标准汇编，中国标准出版社等编，中国标准出版社出版，2002．
[10] 金属材料金相热处理标准汇编、国家钢铁产品质量监督检验中心编；中国标准出版社出版，2000
[11] 金属材料物理试验方法标准汇编(上)、(下)，冶金工业信息标准研究院标准化研究所；中国标准出版社第二编辑室编；中国标准出版社出版，2002
[12] Won Jong Nam,Chu Min Bae.Materials science and Engineering 203,278-285,1995.
[13] M.A.P.Dewey and G.W.Briers,JISI,2,102, 1996.
[14] Michael Zelin.,Acta materialia.No.50,4431— 4447,2002.
[15] M.H.Hong,W.T.Reynolds,Jr.,T. Tarui, and K.Hono,Metall. Mater.Trans.,30A,717,1999.
[16] Geltkov AC, Filippov VV.Steel,2,45,2001.
[17] Hidaka H,TsuchiyamaT, Takaki S.Scr Mater.,44,1503-1508,2001.
[18] Courtesy of Dr Tashiro H., Nippon Steel Co.,1999.
[19] Ibaraki,N.Makii.,K.Ochiai,K.,Oki,Y.,Wire rods for ultra tensile steel cord. In:Proc.of 69th Wire & Cable Technical Symposium,Guilford,USA:The Wire Assoctl,p. 1,1999.
[20] WatteP, Van Humbeeck J,Aemoudt E,Lefever I.Scr-Mate., ,44,1201-1207,1996.
[21] Delrue,H.Bruneel,E.,Van Humbeeck,J.,Aernoudt,E.2000.Atomic ForceMicroscopy:a powerful tool to studythe radial gradients in mechanical properties ofharddrawn pearlitic steel wire. In: Proc. of 70th Wire & Cable Technical Symposium,Guilford,USA:The Wire Assoe.Intl.,p.5.
[22] H.. G.Read,W.T.Reynolds,Jr. ,K.Hono,and T. Tarui,Seripta Meter.,37,1221-1228,1997.
[23] T.Tarui,T.Takahashi,S.Ohashi,and R. Uemori,Iron Steelmaker.,21,25,1994.
[24] EDanoix,X. Sauvage,D.Julien,and J.Copreaux,Mater.Sci.Eng.,A250,8,1998.
[25] Courtesy Mr Taniyama T.Sumitomo,Metals Ind,1999.
[26] K.Hono,M.Ohnuma,M.Murayarna, S.Nishida,A.Yoshi and T.Takahashi.,Scripta mater.,
44,997—983,2001．
[27] 徐祖耀，金属材料热力学，科技出版社，1983
[28] 热处理手册编写组，热处理手册1，北京，机械工业出版社，1991
[29] 安运铮，热处理工艺学，机械工业出版社，1982
[30] 王廷溥等编，金属塑性加工学，冶金工业出版社，1988
[31] 姜建新，邹士柏，钢丝压扁的宽展分析[J]，纺织器材，12，1，2217，1985
[32] 戴雄杰，摩擦学基础[M]，上海科学技术出版社，1984
[33] 谭树青，．王经涛编，金属塑性加工物理基础．陕西科学技术出版社出版，1996
[34] 费青等，金属针布的设计制造和使用，北京：纺织工业出版社，1990
[35] 费青，改善针布齿条热处理工艺的研究(上)[J]，纺织器材，26，5，9—16，1999