山西省社会领域节能战略研究
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摘要
随着我国现代化发展,能源消耗与日俱增,我国已经成为世界能源消耗最大的国家之一。但是能源并不是取之不尽,用之不竭的,我们在资源和环境方面也付出了巨大代价。经济增长方式粗放,资源消耗高,浪费大,污染重。党中央、国务院提出转变经济增长方式以来,各地方、各部门做出了很大努力,也取得了一定成效,但由于种种原因,问题并没有从根本上得到解决。人口众多、资源相对不足、环境承载能力较弱,是中国的基本国情。人均资源占有量少的矛盾将更加突出。能源短缺是我国经济社会发展的“软肋”,所以说我们要“节能”。保护和合理利用各种资源,提高资源利用效率,以尽可能少的资源消耗获得最大的经济效益和社会效益。这是关系到我国经济社会发展和中华民族兴衰,具有全局性和战略性的重大决策。
山西省作为国家重工业和能源消耗大省,节能战略尤为重要。山西拥有3000多万人口,社会领域能源消费量占到全省能源消费量的15%以上,比重虽然不算大,但从绝对量看已达到2200多万吨标准煤,相当于东、西部一些省、市一年的全部消费量,不可小觑。根据山西省的实际情况,制定出相应的社会领域节能策略和战略实施方案,是本文的研究目的。
本文以山西省居民生活能耗为研究对象,结合战略管理及核心竞争力的理论及应用实践,对该山西省城镇居民生活能耗和山西省农村居民生活能耗进行了深入的分析和研究。首先介绍了节能相关概念内涵及节能领域及战略管理基础理论,然后深入分析了山西省城镇居民生活用能和山西省农村居民生活用能现状和存在问题,并运用SWOT分析法对山西省居民生活用能进行研究。在此基础上,分析了山西省社会领域节能的内外部环境。最后,根据分析结果,针对山西省社会领域节能的具体情况,制定了有针对性的节能战略对策,并根据战略对策就山西省居民生活节能提出具体建议及战略实施方案。
With the development of China's modernization, energy consumption, increasing energy consumption in China has become the world's largest one of the countries, but the energy is not inexhaustible, and we have resources and the environment has also paid a huge price. Extensive mode of economic growth, high resource consumption and waste large, heavy pollution. CPC Central Committee and State Council has been the transformation of economic growth mode, all localities and departments have made great efforts and achieved some success, but for various reasons, the problem has not been fundamentally resolved. A large population and relative shortage of resources and environment carrying capacity is weak, is China's basic national conditions. Resources per capita is less of conflicts will become more prominent. Energy shortage in China's economic and social development of the "Achilles heel", so that we have to, "saving." Protection and rational utilization of resources, improve resource utilization efficiency, with minimal consumption of resources to obtain the greatest economic and social benefits. This is related to China's economic and social development and the rise and fall of the Chinese nation, with the major global and strategic decision-making.
Shanxi Province as the country of heavy industry and energy consumption of a large province, energy-saving strategy is particularly important. Shanxi has more than 3,000 million people, the social sphere to the province's energy consumption, energy consumption accounts for 15%, and the proportion, though not large, but look at the absolute volume has reached more than 2200 million tons of standard coal, equivalent to the eastern and western number of provinces and cities all the year, consumption, not be underestimated. Therefore, the corresponding areas of society to develop energy-saving strategies and strategic implementation plan, is the purpose of this research.
In this paper, energy consumption of residents in Shanxi Province as the research object, combined with strategic management and core competitiveness of the theory and application of practice, and the Shanxi Province of life of urban residents living in rural areas of energy and energy consumption in Shanxi Province conducted in-depth analysis and research. This article first introduces the concepts of energy-saving and energy-saving fields and content of the strategic management of the basic theory, and then in-depth analysis can be used in daily life of urban residents in Shanxi Province and Shanxi Province, rural residents can be used in daily life situation and existing problems, and apply the SWOT analysis of the residents of Shanxi Province study can be used in daily life, on this basis, the analysis of energy-saving in the social field in Shanxi external environment. Finally, according to results of the analysis for the social sphere of Shanxi Energy specific circumstances, developed a strategy of targeted energy-saving measures and, based on strategic response to living in Shanxi Province to make specific recommendations and strategies for energy-saving program implementation.
山西省作为国家重工业和能源消耗大省,节能战略尤为重要。山西拥有3000多万人口,社会领域能源消费量占到全省能源消费量的15%以上,比重虽然不算大,但从绝对量看已达到2200多万吨标准煤,相当于东、西部一些省、市一年的全部消费量,不可小觑。根据山西省的实际情况,制定出相应的社会领域节能策略和战略实施方案,是本文的研究目的。
本文以山西省居民生活能耗为研究对象,结合战略管理及核心竞争力的理论及应用实践,对该山西省城镇居民生活能耗和山西省农村居民生活能耗进行了深入的分析和研究。首先介绍了节能相关概念内涵及节能领域及战略管理基础理论,然后深入分析了山西省城镇居民生活用能和山西省农村居民生活用能现状和存在问题,并运用SWOT分析法对山西省居民生活用能进行研究。在此基础上,分析了山西省社会领域节能的内外部环境。最后,根据分析结果,针对山西省社会领域节能的具体情况,制定了有针对性的节能战略对策,并根据战略对策就山西省居民生活节能提出具体建议及战略实施方案。
With the development of China's modernization, energy consumption, increasing energy consumption in China has become the world's largest one of the countries, but the energy is not inexhaustible, and we have resources and the environment has also paid a huge price. Extensive mode of economic growth, high resource consumption and waste large, heavy pollution. CPC Central Committee and State Council has been the transformation of economic growth mode, all localities and departments have made great efforts and achieved some success, but for various reasons, the problem has not been fundamentally resolved. A large population and relative shortage of resources and environment carrying capacity is weak, is China's basic national conditions. Resources per capita is less of conflicts will become more prominent. Energy shortage in China's economic and social development of the "Achilles heel", so that we have to, "saving." Protection and rational utilization of resources, improve resource utilization efficiency, with minimal consumption of resources to obtain the greatest economic and social benefits. This is related to China's economic and social development and the rise and fall of the Chinese nation, with the major global and strategic decision-making.
Shanxi Province as the country of heavy industry and energy consumption of a large province, energy-saving strategy is particularly important. Shanxi has more than 3,000 million people, the social sphere to the province's energy consumption, energy consumption accounts for 15%, and the proportion, though not large, but look at the absolute volume has reached more than 2200 million tons of standard coal, equivalent to the eastern and western number of provinces and cities all the year, consumption, not be underestimated. Therefore, the corresponding areas of society to develop energy-saving strategies and strategic implementation plan, is the purpose of this research.
In this paper, energy consumption of residents in Shanxi Province as the research object, combined with strategic management and core competitiveness of the theory and application of practice, and the Shanxi Province of life of urban residents living in rural areas of energy and energy consumption in Shanxi Province conducted in-depth analysis and research. This article first introduces the concepts of energy-saving and energy-saving fields and content of the strategic management of the basic theory, and then in-depth analysis can be used in daily life of urban residents in Shanxi Province and Shanxi Province, rural residents can be used in daily life situation and existing problems, and apply the SWOT analysis of the residents of Shanxi Province study can be used in daily life, on this basis, the analysis of energy-saving in the social field in Shanxi external environment. Finally, according to results of the analysis for the social sphere of Shanxi Energy specific circumstances, developed a strategy of targeted energy-saving measures and, based on strategic response to living in Shanxi Province to make specific recommendations and strategies for energy-saving program implementation.
引文
[1]《中国能源统计年鉴2005》.中国统计局,2006
[2]《中国能源统计年鉴2006》.中国统计局,2007
[3]《中国能源统计年鉴2007》.中国统计局,2008
[4]《中国能源统计年鉴2008》.中国统计局,2009
[5]《中国统计年鉴2006》.中国统计局,2007
[6]《中国统计年鉴2007》.中国统计局,2008
[7]《中国统计年鉴2008》.中国统计局,2009
[8]《山西统计年鉴2006》.山西统计局,2007
[9]《山西统计年鉴2007》.山西统计局,2008
[10]《山西能源与节能》.山西能源与节能杂志社,2009
[11]田洪斌、延涛. 《能源知识500题》.甘肃人民出版社,2008
[12]朱亚杰. 《能源词典》.中国石油出版社,2007
[13]理查德艾登迈克尔波斯纳(英)等.《能源经济学》.2006
[14]姜达洋、张宏武.《日本的能源政策及其对我国的启示》.国际经济观察,2006
[15]P·杜拉克. 《21世纪的管理挑战》.上海三联出版社,2000
[16]戴维.亨格. 《战略管理精要》.北京电子工业出版社,2002
[17]李国华.《国外节能现状分析及对中国的启示》.2007年第5期
[18]郭保雷、王彦佳.《中国居民生活用能现状及展望》.2002年第5期
[19]迈克尔A.希特,R.杜安·爱尔兰,罗伯特E.霍斯基森. 《战略管理竞争与全球化(概念)[M].第6版》.北京机械工业出版社,2008
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[21]容和平.《基于核心竞争力的企业战略管理[M]》.太原山西经济出版社,2007
[22]李志强.《制度理论与竞争力创新发展——一个理论框架与实证研究》.山西经济出版社,2002
[23]彦德、跃中.《日本的节能政策法规和标准、认证》.2006年5月
[24]张复民. 《山西发展报告》. 中国科学技术出版社,2006
[25]《全民节能减排实用手册》.中国科技部社会发展科技司,2008
[26]刘颖. 《家庭、办公室与社区的节能减排措施》.现代农业科技,2008年第1期
[27]戴晓梅.《试论我国的节能政策及改进》.江苏工业学院学报,2007年3月
[28]钟宗新.《德、美、日等国的节能经验》.科技信息,2005年8月
[29]迈克尔A.希特、R.杜安.爱尔兰著,罗伯特E.霍斯基森、吕巍译《战略管理竞争与全球化(概念)》(原书第6版),2008
[30]马瑞民. 《新编战略管理咨询实务》.2008年8月第一版年9月第一版；
[31]中国统计局.《能源经济统计指南》.中国铁道出版社,2008
[32]魏晓燕. 《新加坡节能措施特点》.中国科技成果,2006年第21期
[2]《中国能源统计年鉴2006》.中国统计局,2007
[3]《中国能源统计年鉴2007》.中国统计局,2008
[4]《中国能源统计年鉴2008》.中国统计局,2009
[5]《中国统计年鉴2006》.中国统计局,2007
[6]《中国统计年鉴2007》.中国统计局,2008
[7]《中国统计年鉴2008》.中国统计局,2009
[8]《山西统计年鉴2006》.山西统计局,2007
[9]《山西统计年鉴2007》.山西统计局,2008
[10]《山西能源与节能》.山西能源与节能杂志社,2009
[11]田洪斌、延涛. 《能源知识500题》.甘肃人民出版社,2008
[12]朱亚杰. 《能源词典》.中国石油出版社,2007
[13]理查德艾登迈克尔波斯纳(英)等.《能源经济学》.2006
[14]姜达洋、张宏武.《日本的能源政策及其对我国的启示》.国际经济观察,2006
[15]P·杜拉克. 《21世纪的管理挑战》.上海三联出版社,2000
[16]戴维.亨格. 《战略管理精要》.北京电子工业出版社,2002
[17]李国华.《国外节能现状分析及对中国的启示》.2007年第5期
[18]郭保雷、王彦佳.《中国居民生活用能现状及展望》.2002年第5期
[19]迈克尔A.希特,R.杜安·爱尔兰,罗伯特E.霍斯基森. 《战略管理竞争与全球化(概念)[M].第6版》.北京机械工业出版社,2008
[20]迈克尔.波特. 《竞争优势[M]》.陈小悦译.北京华夏出版社,2004
[21]容和平.《基于核心竞争力的企业战略管理[M]》.太原山西经济出版社,2007
[22]李志强.《制度理论与竞争力创新发展——一个理论框架与实证研究》.山西经济出版社,2002
[23]彦德、跃中.《日本的节能政策法规和标准、认证》.2006年5月
[24]张复民. 《山西发展报告》. 中国科学技术出版社,2006
[25]《全民节能减排实用手册》.中国科技部社会发展科技司,2008
[26]刘颖. 《家庭、办公室与社区的节能减排措施》.现代农业科技,2008年第1期
[27]戴晓梅.《试论我国的节能政策及改进》.江苏工业学院学报,2007年3月
[28]钟宗新.《德、美、日等国的节能经验》.科技信息,2005年8月
[29]迈克尔A.希特、R.杜安.爱尔兰著,罗伯特E.霍斯基森、吕巍译《战略管理竞争与全球化(概念)》(原书第6版),2008
[30]马瑞民. 《新编战略管理咨询实务》.2008年8月第一版年9月第一版；
[31]中国统计局.《能源经济统计指南》.中国铁道出版社,2008
[32]魏晓燕. 《新加坡节能措施特点》.中国科技成果,2006年第21期