内燃机热泵独立供能系统的理论模拟与实验研究
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摘要
内燃机热泵独立供能系统是以天然气或其它燃料为独立输入能源,为建筑物提供冷、热、生活热水及系统自用电的节能环保型设备,是对内燃机热泵技术的继承和发展。本文对内燃机热泵独立供能系统进行了较为全面的理论模拟和实验研究,主要研究内容如下:
⑴以内燃机热泵独立供能系统为研究对象,将整个系统分为三个部分:内燃机系统、热泵系统和发电系统。建立了由内燃机、排烟换热器、缸套水换热器、发电机、压缩机、翅片管换热器、板式换热器、电子膨胀阀和分液器等部件模型组成的内燃机热泵独立供能系统数学模型。针对实际热泵系统,对带分液器流量调节的翅片管换热器进行了详细的研究,模拟并分析了换热器内工质参数沿程分布情况。
⑵对发电系统进行了理论研究,建立了三相同步发电机abc坐标系和dq坐标系下的数学模型,并对同步发电机空载建立电势和三相短路动态性能进行了研究。针对发电系统的特点本文利用Matlab中的Simulink工具箱建立了整流器模型。
⑶利用实验台对内燃机热泵独立供能系统进行了变转速、变主板换水流量和变蒸发温度的性能试验,用得到的实验数据验证了本文建立的内燃机热泵独立供能系统仿真模型,结果表明模型的计算结果和实验数据吻合的较好。
⑷利用内燃机热泵独立供能系统数学模型对内燃机热泵独立供能系统性能影响因素进行了研究,分析了室外换热器管子排列方式、板式换热器水流形式和发电机负荷对内燃机热泵独立供能系统性能的影响。
⑸以内燃机热泵系统数学模型为基础,建立了空气源内燃机热泵系统动态分布参数模型,研究了空气源内燃机热泵系统的动态特性,结合近30年的气象资料,建立了北京、上海、广州和南京四个地区的温区统计资料,计算了制冷和制热季节内燃机热泵以室内负荷运行时系统COP和PER随室外温度的变化情况,分析了四个城市的内燃机热泵系统制冷季节能效比(SEER)、制冷季节一次能源利用率(SPERr)、制热季节能效比(HSPF)和制热季节一次能源利用率(SPERh),并对不同类型空气源热泵的季节性能进行了比较。
The system of energy independence heat pump driven by internal-combustion engine (EIHPICE) is the energy-saving and environment-friendly equipment, which used natural gas or other fuels as an independent input energy, and could provide the heating, cooling and hot water for the buildings. It is inheritance and development of internal-combustion engine heat pump technology. In this paper, the theoretical simulation and experimental research were conducted on the system of EIHPICE, the main research contents are as follows:
⑴A imed at the system of EIHPICE, the whole system is divided into three parts: Internal-combustion engine system, heat pump system and autonomous power supply system. The mathematical model of EIHPICE was established. It is made up of sub-models of internal-combustion engine, exhaust gas heat exchanger, cylinder heat exchanger, generator, compressor, finned tube heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger, expansion valve and dispenser. Aimed at the actual heat pump system, a detailed study on a finned tube heat exchanger with flow regulation of dispenser was carried out, the parameters of refrigerant along with the distribution in the heat exchanger were simulated and analyzed.
⑵The theoretical study was conducted on autonomous power supply system. The mathematical model of a three-phase synchronous generator is established under the abc and dq coordinate system, the dynamic performance of synchronous generator on sudden three-phase short circuit and establish potential in the case of no load had been studied. Aiming at the characteristics of this power generation system, in this paper, a rectifier model is established by using the SIMULINK toolbox in the MATLAB.
⑶Experiment table for performance research of the EIHPICE was established, the performance tests under different working conditions with variable rotary speed, variable water flow of plate heat exchanger and variable evaporation temperature were carried out. Data measured on the testing is used to testify the EIHPICE model, and the results indicated that the calculated results are conformed to the experimental data better.
⑷The influence factors of the EIHPICE performance were carried on by using the mathematical model of the EIHPICE. The effects of refrigerant circuitries, current form of plate heat exchanger and generator load on the performance of the EIHPICE were investigated numerically.
⑸Based on the mathematical model of heat pump driven by Internal-combustion Engine(ICEHP), the dynamic distributed parameter model of the ICEHP was presented, and the dynamic characteristics of the air source ICEHP had been studied, the statistic data of temperature spans of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Nanjing are established according to the weather data of nearly thirty years, the COP and PER variation with the outdoor temperature are calculated when the HPICE is running with the load of building in the cooling and heating season, and the seasonal efficiency ratios and PER of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Nanjing were analyzed, as well as the different type of air source heat pump’s seasonal performance and PER were compared.
⑴以内燃机热泵独立供能系统为研究对象,将整个系统分为三个部分:内燃机系统、热泵系统和发电系统。建立了由内燃机、排烟换热器、缸套水换热器、发电机、压缩机、翅片管换热器、板式换热器、电子膨胀阀和分液器等部件模型组成的内燃机热泵独立供能系统数学模型。针对实际热泵系统,对带分液器流量调节的翅片管换热器进行了详细的研究,模拟并分析了换热器内工质参数沿程分布情况。
⑵对发电系统进行了理论研究,建立了三相同步发电机abc坐标系和dq坐标系下的数学模型,并对同步发电机空载建立电势和三相短路动态性能进行了研究。针对发电系统的特点本文利用Matlab中的Simulink工具箱建立了整流器模型。
⑶利用实验台对内燃机热泵独立供能系统进行了变转速、变主板换水流量和变蒸发温度的性能试验,用得到的实验数据验证了本文建立的内燃机热泵独立供能系统仿真模型,结果表明模型的计算结果和实验数据吻合的较好。
⑷利用内燃机热泵独立供能系统数学模型对内燃机热泵独立供能系统性能影响因素进行了研究,分析了室外换热器管子排列方式、板式换热器水流形式和发电机负荷对内燃机热泵独立供能系统性能的影响。
⑸以内燃机热泵系统数学模型为基础,建立了空气源内燃机热泵系统动态分布参数模型,研究了空气源内燃机热泵系统的动态特性,结合近30年的气象资料,建立了北京、上海、广州和南京四个地区的温区统计资料,计算了制冷和制热季节内燃机热泵以室内负荷运行时系统COP和PER随室外温度的变化情况,分析了四个城市的内燃机热泵系统制冷季节能效比(SEER)、制冷季节一次能源利用率(SPERr)、制热季节能效比(HSPF)和制热季节一次能源利用率(SPERh),并对不同类型空气源热泵的季节性能进行了比较。
The system of energy independence heat pump driven by internal-combustion engine (EIHPICE) is the energy-saving and environment-friendly equipment, which used natural gas or other fuels as an independent input energy, and could provide the heating, cooling and hot water for the buildings. It is inheritance and development of internal-combustion engine heat pump technology. In this paper, the theoretical simulation and experimental research were conducted on the system of EIHPICE, the main research contents are as follows:
⑴A imed at the system of EIHPICE, the whole system is divided into three parts: Internal-combustion engine system, heat pump system and autonomous power supply system. The mathematical model of EIHPICE was established. It is made up of sub-models of internal-combustion engine, exhaust gas heat exchanger, cylinder heat exchanger, generator, compressor, finned tube heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger, expansion valve and dispenser. Aimed at the actual heat pump system, a detailed study on a finned tube heat exchanger with flow regulation of dispenser was carried out, the parameters of refrigerant along with the distribution in the heat exchanger were simulated and analyzed.
⑵The theoretical study was conducted on autonomous power supply system. The mathematical model of a three-phase synchronous generator is established under the abc and dq coordinate system, the dynamic performance of synchronous generator on sudden three-phase short circuit and establish potential in the case of no load had been studied. Aiming at the characteristics of this power generation system, in this paper, a rectifier model is established by using the SIMULINK toolbox in the MATLAB.
⑶Experiment table for performance research of the EIHPICE was established, the performance tests under different working conditions with variable rotary speed, variable water flow of plate heat exchanger and variable evaporation temperature were carried out. Data measured on the testing is used to testify the EIHPICE model, and the results indicated that the calculated results are conformed to the experimental data better.
⑷The influence factors of the EIHPICE performance were carried on by using the mathematical model of the EIHPICE. The effects of refrigerant circuitries, current form of plate heat exchanger and generator load on the performance of the EIHPICE were investigated numerically.
⑸Based on the mathematical model of heat pump driven by Internal-combustion Engine(ICEHP), the dynamic distributed parameter model of the ICEHP was presented, and the dynamic characteristics of the air source ICEHP had been studied, the statistic data of temperature spans of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Nanjing are established according to the weather data of nearly thirty years, the COP and PER variation with the outdoor temperature are calculated when the HPICE is running with the load of building in the cooling and heating season, and the seasonal efficiency ratios and PER of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Nanjing were analyzed, as well as the different type of air source heat pump’s seasonal performance and PER were compared.
引文
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