重磁三维物性实时可视化反演关键技术研究
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摘要
长期以来,“重磁三维反演计算”和“反演结果可视化评价”是以两个前后独立工作的方式而存在。三维反演计算通常很耗时,反演结果无法及时得到评价,同时,基于当前的结果评价,反演算法的参数经常需要调整,重新进行耗时的反演计算,以此反复得到理想的反演结果。这种工作模式效率低下,不是理想的方式。基于此背景,本文提出一个新的研究课题：针对地球物理重磁数据,将三维反演计算和反演结果可视化相结合,利用三维图形图像可视化方式,直观了解反演过程中的细节；同时,介入交互干预、引导反演过程,综合评价反演状态；实现实时可视化交互反演,提高反演结果的合理性和反演工作的效率。
本文以实现新课题提出的任务为目标,开展了其相关关键技术研究工作。
首先,研究了起伏地形下三维重磁物性自动反演技术。提出了一种起伏地形直接快速正演计算的方法,该方法将起伏地形上的测点按特定规则进行规则网格剖分,利用“几何格架层间等效性”,实现插值等效直接快速正演计算。基于该快速正演计算方法,结合“随机子域”反演方法,实现了起伏地形下三维重磁物性快速自动反演。
第二,交互可视化反演过程中,需要对三维反演的中间结果进行滤波处理,以引导后续的反演过程。以此为目标,研究并实现了针对三维体数据的三维矩阵平均光滑滤波算法和非线性三维小子域光滑滤波算法。同时,将算法并行化实现。
第三,分析、总结可视化反演的特点和需求,设计并开发实现了三维数据可视化图件集成显示。其中深入剖析了VTK三维开发库的内部机制和数据结构表达,并给出三维可视化图件的具体实现方法。
最后,进行了重磁三维物性实时可视化反演软件系统设计和研发。其中,使用多线程程序编程技术和对数据同步方案进行精心设计,核心解决“实时可视化、参数实时交互调节”技术实现上的难题。利用面向对象编程方法,体现模块化集成思想,使该软件系统具备易维护性、可扩展性。
本论文所做的工作,对地球物理实时可视化反演技术的研究和发展具有探索意义。
Traditionally,3D gravity and magnetic inversion and evaluation on the inversion result are two independent work procedures. The inversion calculation normally is time-consuming and the result has a limitation of immediate evaluation. Besides, based on the current result evaluation, inversion algorithm parameters commonly have to be adjusted for the next calculation. Repeat this procedure for chasing the ideal result. This inversion working mode can be viewed as a very inefficient one. Due to these drawbacks, this paper proposes a new research topic on process of gravity and magnetic data by combining inversion calculation with data 3D visualization and by enabling interactive operation on inversion process to promote the reasonability of inversion result and the efficiency of calculation process.
To achieve the object, the following aspects have been researched and fulfilled.
Firstly, the research works on automatic inversion technology for 3D gravity and magnetic physical properties inversion for observed data measured on terrain. A new forward calculation method is proposed for terrain observed point. The purpose of this method is to realize direct forward calculation, which using geo-frame equivalence between layers. Combined with "random sub-region" inversion method, rapid and automatic 3D inversion for gravity and magnetic physical properties based on terrain observed data is implemented.
Secondly, in the process of interactive visual inversion, intermediate inversion result has to be smoothed by filtering in order to guide the ensuing inversion calculation. Therefore, we researched and then realized two kinds of smooth filtering algorithm for 3D volume physical properties data:average smoothing method by using 3D matrix operator and nonlinear smoothing method by using 3D sub-domain operators. These algorithms have been fulfilled by parallel programming.
Thirdly, based on analysis and summarization on the characters and demands of visual inversion,3D visualization displayed in an integrated environment has been implemented. The research dissects the inner mechanism of VTK (visualization toolkit) and the core of VTK data structure and then the elaborate implementation of 3D visualization graphic elements is provided.
Finally, the application software with integrated environment has been designed for real-time visual inversion. In this software project, there are two difficult issues:how to achieve real-time visualization while inversion calculation is heavily running? How to edit inversion parameters and ask inversion calculation thread to use the changed parameters in real-time way? By multi-threaded programming and data synchronization mechanism, the solutions of these two issues are provided.
The research in this dissertation has an exploratory significance for study and development on the technology of real-time visual inversion in geophysics field.
本文以实现新课题提出的任务为目标,开展了其相关关键技术研究工作。
首先,研究了起伏地形下三维重磁物性自动反演技术。提出了一种起伏地形直接快速正演计算的方法,该方法将起伏地形上的测点按特定规则进行规则网格剖分,利用“几何格架层间等效性”,实现插值等效直接快速正演计算。基于该快速正演计算方法,结合“随机子域”反演方法,实现了起伏地形下三维重磁物性快速自动反演。
第二,交互可视化反演过程中,需要对三维反演的中间结果进行滤波处理,以引导后续的反演过程。以此为目标,研究并实现了针对三维体数据的三维矩阵平均光滑滤波算法和非线性三维小子域光滑滤波算法。同时,将算法并行化实现。
第三,分析、总结可视化反演的特点和需求,设计并开发实现了三维数据可视化图件集成显示。其中深入剖析了VTK三维开发库的内部机制和数据结构表达,并给出三维可视化图件的具体实现方法。
最后,进行了重磁三维物性实时可视化反演软件系统设计和研发。其中,使用多线程程序编程技术和对数据同步方案进行精心设计,核心解决“实时可视化、参数实时交互调节”技术实现上的难题。利用面向对象编程方法,体现模块化集成思想,使该软件系统具备易维护性、可扩展性。
本论文所做的工作,对地球物理实时可视化反演技术的研究和发展具有探索意义。
Traditionally,3D gravity and magnetic inversion and evaluation on the inversion result are two independent work procedures. The inversion calculation normally is time-consuming and the result has a limitation of immediate evaluation. Besides, based on the current result evaluation, inversion algorithm parameters commonly have to be adjusted for the next calculation. Repeat this procedure for chasing the ideal result. This inversion working mode can be viewed as a very inefficient one. Due to these drawbacks, this paper proposes a new research topic on process of gravity and magnetic data by combining inversion calculation with data 3D visualization and by enabling interactive operation on inversion process to promote the reasonability of inversion result and the efficiency of calculation process.
To achieve the object, the following aspects have been researched and fulfilled.
Firstly, the research works on automatic inversion technology for 3D gravity and magnetic physical properties inversion for observed data measured on terrain. A new forward calculation method is proposed for terrain observed point. The purpose of this method is to realize direct forward calculation, which using geo-frame equivalence between layers. Combined with "random sub-region" inversion method, rapid and automatic 3D inversion for gravity and magnetic physical properties based on terrain observed data is implemented.
Secondly, in the process of interactive visual inversion, intermediate inversion result has to be smoothed by filtering in order to guide the ensuing inversion calculation. Therefore, we researched and then realized two kinds of smooth filtering algorithm for 3D volume physical properties data:average smoothing method by using 3D matrix operator and nonlinear smoothing method by using 3D sub-domain operators. These algorithms have been fulfilled by parallel programming.
Thirdly, based on analysis and summarization on the characters and demands of visual inversion,3D visualization displayed in an integrated environment has been implemented. The research dissects the inner mechanism of VTK (visualization toolkit) and the core of VTK data structure and then the elaborate implementation of 3D visualization graphic elements is provided.
Finally, the application software with integrated environment has been designed for real-time visual inversion. In this software project, there are two difficult issues:how to achieve real-time visualization while inversion calculation is heavily running? How to edit inversion parameters and ask inversion calculation thread to use the changed parameters in real-time way? By multi-threaded programming and data synchronization mechanism, the solutions of these two issues are provided.
The research in this dissertation has an exploratory significance for study and development on the technology of real-time visual inversion in geophysics field.
引文
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