火电厂有粘结预应力混凝土框架抗震性能试验研究
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摘要
大型火力发电厂主厂房除氧煤仓间具有竖向荷载大、横向跨度大的特点,其常规结构型式为钢筋混凝土框(排)架结构,采用预应力混凝土框架结构在国内外并不多见。而预应力混凝土框架结构应用于有特殊生产工艺要求的工业建筑中,其抗震性能还存在一定争议,亟待研究。本文以预应力混凝土框架为研究对象,完成了平面框架模型拟静力加载试验和空间框架模型振动台试验,同时将试验结果与数值模拟结果进行对比分析。本文的主要研究工作包括:
1.拟静力加载试验。选取一榀多层单跨预应力混凝土平面框架为研究对象,根据试验结果研究了结构在水平地震作用下的破坏形态,绘制了结构的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化曲线及应变变化曲线,分析了能反映结构延性性能的位移延性系数、梁端曲率、转角及塑性铰的出铰顺序等延性指标,对框架在地震下的破坏机制进行了分析。
2.模拟地震振动台试验。选取多层单跨预应力混凝土空间框架为研究对象,考察其在三种地震波作用下的动力反应。根据试验现象分析了结构的破坏特征,推算出原型结构的周期和振型,分析了扭转对结构的影响程度,根据试验结果计算分析了结构刚度下降幅值、层惯性力分布、加速度时程和位移时程。
3.采用三维实体单元建立空间框架模型,进行非线性有限元动力时程分析,并将分析结果与试验结果做对比,重点了解了该类结构在小震和大震作用下的反应,将分别采用平面框架模型与空间框架模型所得到的结果进行对比,得出了一些有益的结论。
4.在试验和理论分析的基础上,对预应力混凝土工业厂房框架的设计进行了探讨,分析了影响该类结构抗震性能的主要因素,对预应力混凝土框架节点的设计和构造措施提出了相关建议。
综上所述,通过对预应力混凝土工业厂房框架结构试验及理论分析,研究了其抗震性能,提出了针对该类结构的设计方法和构造措施,本文的研究可为该类结构的应用及工业行规的制定提供参考。
The deaerators and coal-bunker bays of main power houses of thermal power plants are usually imposed on heavy vertical loads and the transversal spans are very large. Compared with the conventional structural design, namely the normal reinforced concrete (bent) frames, the prestressed concrete (PC) frames are scarcely applied in thermal power plants home and aboard. There are still many controversies on aseismatic performance of PC frames as they are applied in industrial buildings with special technological requirements. Therefore, it is needed for further exploratory research and improvements for the aseismatic performance. Focusing on the PC frame, the pseudo-static test of planar frame and the shaking table test of space frame are completed; simultaneously, the test results and the numerical simulation are compared and analyzed. The main research work includes:
1. Pseudo static test. Based on the experiment on a common multilayer single-span prestressed concrete planar frame, following studies are chiefly conducted in this charpter: the failure pattern of the frame under horizontal earthquakes; the hysteresis curves, skeleton curves, stiffness degradation curves and strain curves; the displacement ductility factor, girder curvature and angle; the sequence of plastic hinge joints and the failure mechanism.
2. Shaking table test. As the research object, the dynamic response of a multilayer single-span PC space frame is analyzed which is subjected to three earthquakes. According to the phenomenon of test, the structural destruction features are analyzed; the period and mode of vibration of prototype are deduced; the influence degree of the torsion on the structure, the stiffness degradation amplitude, inertial force distribution of layers, time history of acceleration and displacement are calculated and discussed.
3. A space frame FE model is established by three-dimensional entity elements and the nonlinear finite element dynamic time-history analysis is conducted. Based on the comparison of analysis results and experimental results, it is mainly studied on the structural reaction under small and strong earthquakes. The results of plane frame model and spatial frame model are compared which lead to some useful conclusions.
4. On the basis of the experimental and theoretical analysis, it discusses on the design of PC frame of industrial workshop, analyses the main influence factors on the aseismic performance, and puts forward some useful suggestions for the design and construction measures of the PC joints.
To sum up, on the basis of experimental and theoretical analysis on the PC frame of industrial workshop, this paper researches the aseismic performance and puts forward some design methods and construction measures according to this type of structures. This research could be reference for the industrial application and the industry standard establishment.
1.拟静力加载试验。选取一榀多层单跨预应力混凝土平面框架为研究对象,根据试验结果研究了结构在水平地震作用下的破坏形态,绘制了结构的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化曲线及应变变化曲线,分析了能反映结构延性性能的位移延性系数、梁端曲率、转角及塑性铰的出铰顺序等延性指标,对框架在地震下的破坏机制进行了分析。
2.模拟地震振动台试验。选取多层单跨预应力混凝土空间框架为研究对象,考察其在三种地震波作用下的动力反应。根据试验现象分析了结构的破坏特征,推算出原型结构的周期和振型,分析了扭转对结构的影响程度,根据试验结果计算分析了结构刚度下降幅值、层惯性力分布、加速度时程和位移时程。
3.采用三维实体单元建立空间框架模型,进行非线性有限元动力时程分析,并将分析结果与试验结果做对比,重点了解了该类结构在小震和大震作用下的反应,将分别采用平面框架模型与空间框架模型所得到的结果进行对比,得出了一些有益的结论。
4.在试验和理论分析的基础上,对预应力混凝土工业厂房框架的设计进行了探讨,分析了影响该类结构抗震性能的主要因素,对预应力混凝土框架节点的设计和构造措施提出了相关建议。
综上所述,通过对预应力混凝土工业厂房框架结构试验及理论分析,研究了其抗震性能,提出了针对该类结构的设计方法和构造措施,本文的研究可为该类结构的应用及工业行规的制定提供参考。
The deaerators and coal-bunker bays of main power houses of thermal power plants are usually imposed on heavy vertical loads and the transversal spans are very large. Compared with the conventional structural design, namely the normal reinforced concrete (bent) frames, the prestressed concrete (PC) frames are scarcely applied in thermal power plants home and aboard. There are still many controversies on aseismatic performance of PC frames as they are applied in industrial buildings with special technological requirements. Therefore, it is needed for further exploratory research and improvements for the aseismatic performance. Focusing on the PC frame, the pseudo-static test of planar frame and the shaking table test of space frame are completed; simultaneously, the test results and the numerical simulation are compared and analyzed. The main research work includes:
1. Pseudo static test. Based on the experiment on a common multilayer single-span prestressed concrete planar frame, following studies are chiefly conducted in this charpter: the failure pattern of the frame under horizontal earthquakes; the hysteresis curves, skeleton curves, stiffness degradation curves and strain curves; the displacement ductility factor, girder curvature and angle; the sequence of plastic hinge joints and the failure mechanism.
2. Shaking table test. As the research object, the dynamic response of a multilayer single-span PC space frame is analyzed which is subjected to three earthquakes. According to the phenomenon of test, the structural destruction features are analyzed; the period and mode of vibration of prototype are deduced; the influence degree of the torsion on the structure, the stiffness degradation amplitude, inertial force distribution of layers, time history of acceleration and displacement are calculated and discussed.
3. A space frame FE model is established by three-dimensional entity elements and the nonlinear finite element dynamic time-history analysis is conducted. Based on the comparison of analysis results and experimental results, it is mainly studied on the structural reaction under small and strong earthquakes. The results of plane frame model and spatial frame model are compared which lead to some useful conclusions.
4. On the basis of the experimental and theoretical analysis, it discusses on the design of PC frame of industrial workshop, analyses the main influence factors on the aseismic performance, and puts forward some useful suggestions for the design and construction measures of the PC joints.
To sum up, on the basis of experimental and theoretical analysis on the PC frame of industrial workshop, this paper researches the aseismic performance and puts forward some design methods and construction measures according to this type of structures. This research could be reference for the industrial application and the industry standard establishment.
引文
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