信息化制造中的信息理论与集成方法研究
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摘要
市场需求的快速变化和全球经济一体化极大地拓展了制造活动的深度和广度,产品价值结构、生产成本和响应速度越来越取决于制造信息和知识,信息因素正迅速成为制约现代制造系统的主导因素,这对制造科学提出了新的要求。
在制造业信息化的大背景下,本文结合国家自然科学基金项目和“863”计划项目的研究,以制造信息作为贯穿全文的主线,全文以信息化制造为中心,以信息化制造的体系结构、制造信息理论和信息集成方法为基本点,以大规模定制生产中的定制信息和信息化制造中的企业应用系统集成为支撑点,较系统地提出了信息化制造的体系结构、参考模型和系统框架,探讨了信息化制造的内涵、特征、基础理论及其关键技术,阐述了信息化制造模式所具有组织形式及其构成,分析了信息化制造的六个特征要素以及由此所构成的信息化制造系统自组织演化的内在动力机制。
分析和研究了制造信息的定义、特征、类型和强度等基本性质,对制造信息进行了分类,从信息的灵敏度、价值灵敏度和准确度三个方面对信息质量与制造决策的关系进行了评价。讨论了贝叶斯理论的基本方法及其在制造领域中的应用,分析了作为先验分布选择准则的最大熵原理,用共轭分布法求出参数的贝叶斯估计,并讨论了Beta 分布的性质及应用。
在分析了目前主要的几种信息集成方法的基础上,提出了制造信息集成规范的体系结构,对基于XML 和基于EAI 的信息集成方法进行了研究,根据信息化制造系统框架所确定的EAI 集成模式,研究了CAPP/PDM/ERP 信息集成与过程集成的关键技术和实现手段。
面向客户的大规模定制是一种典型的信息化制造的生产方式,个性化信息的处理以及定制产品的生产企业间的信息共享程度,将成为决定大规模定制生产的满意度和成本高低的关键因素。本文从制造模式的进化历程,考察了企业经营战略的变化,提出大规模定制信息的概念,并就大规模定制信息的内容和方法进行了深入讨论。
在信息化制造系统的体系中,引入“企业信息代理服务中心”的概念,构造了一个基于分层结构、支持企业各种应用系统之间的信息集成与过程集成的开放式EAI 总体框架,详细论述了基于EAI 总体框架实现各应用系统之间的信息集成和过程集成的关键技术与方法。采用基于CORBA 和XML 的紧密集成方案,以及基于Web Services 和企业私有UDDI 的松散集成方案实现了CAPP/PDM 和PDM/ERP 之
The rapid change of market demand and the global economic integration have greatly widened the range of manufacturing activity. A product’s value structure, production cost and response speed are more and more dependent upon manufacturing information and knowledge. Information is becoming a dominating factor to constrain modern manufacturing system. It has brought a new demand for manufacturing science.
Taking the information in the manufacturing activity as the main clue, the dissertation tried to center the discussion on the Information-based Manufacturing combined with the research of national nature science fund project and “863”high-technology plan project. The dissertation takes the Information-based Manufacturing as the center; architecture of Information-based Manufacturing, theory of manufacturing information and information integration as its basic points; and mass customization information and enterprise application system integration in the Information-based Manufacturing as the supporting points. The model and architecture of Information-based Manufacturing are systematically put forward against the background of informatization for the manufacturing industry. The meaning, character, fundamental theory and key technologies of information are studied. The organization form and constitution of Information-based Manufacturing are given. The six characteristic factors and the inherence dynamic mechanisms led by self-organization of Information-based Manufacturing system are analyzed in the dissertation.
The definition, character, types and intensity of information are researched. The manufacturing information is classified. The influence of information quality upon decision-making has been evaluated from sensitivity, value sensitivity and precision of information. The fundamental methods and engineering application of bayes's theorem are discussed, the maximum entropy principle for the choice regulation of prior distribution is analyzed. The bayesian estimation of parameters is gained by means of the method of conjugate distribution. The property and application of Beta distribution function are researched.
System structure of the integration criterion of manufacturing information are given with base of analysis of several main methods of information integration. Information integration methods based XML and Enterprise Application Integration(EAI) are studied. The
key technology and realizing means of information integration & process integration for CAPP/PDM/ERP are researched according to integration mode of EAI confirmed by infrastructure of information-based manufacturing system. Mass customization is a typical production mode of information-based manufact -uring. The manage of individuality information and information-share between prod-uction enterprises will be the key factor for mass customization. From the evolution of manufacturing mode, the change of enterprise management stratagem is reviewed in the dissertation. The concept of mass customization information is given. The content and methods of mass customization information are discussed. The concept of “center of vicegerent service for enterprise information”is introduced in the Information-based Manufacturing system, and an overall architecture of open EAI based upon hierarchical structure and supporting information integration and process integration of various applied systems in enterprise is presented.The key technologies and the implementation methods of information integration and process integration between some application systems based on EAI are discussed in detail.The information integration of CAPP/PDM and PDM/ERP is realized with a scheme of compact integration based on CORBA and XML and a scheme of incompact integration based on Web Services and private UDDI. The process integration of CAPP/PDM/ERP is also realized through modeling the overall process in the Enterprise Application Portal and Managing respectively in some local processes. Finally, the research contents and conclusions of this dissertation have been summarized and its further studies are forecast.
在制造业信息化的大背景下,本文结合国家自然科学基金项目和“863”计划项目的研究,以制造信息作为贯穿全文的主线,全文以信息化制造为中心,以信息化制造的体系结构、制造信息理论和信息集成方法为基本点,以大规模定制生产中的定制信息和信息化制造中的企业应用系统集成为支撑点,较系统地提出了信息化制造的体系结构、参考模型和系统框架,探讨了信息化制造的内涵、特征、基础理论及其关键技术,阐述了信息化制造模式所具有组织形式及其构成,分析了信息化制造的六个特征要素以及由此所构成的信息化制造系统自组织演化的内在动力机制。
分析和研究了制造信息的定义、特征、类型和强度等基本性质,对制造信息进行了分类,从信息的灵敏度、价值灵敏度和准确度三个方面对信息质量与制造决策的关系进行了评价。讨论了贝叶斯理论的基本方法及其在制造领域中的应用,分析了作为先验分布选择准则的最大熵原理,用共轭分布法求出参数的贝叶斯估计,并讨论了Beta 分布的性质及应用。
在分析了目前主要的几种信息集成方法的基础上,提出了制造信息集成规范的体系结构,对基于XML 和基于EAI 的信息集成方法进行了研究,根据信息化制造系统框架所确定的EAI 集成模式,研究了CAPP/PDM/ERP 信息集成与过程集成的关键技术和实现手段。
面向客户的大规模定制是一种典型的信息化制造的生产方式,个性化信息的处理以及定制产品的生产企业间的信息共享程度,将成为决定大规模定制生产的满意度和成本高低的关键因素。本文从制造模式的进化历程,考察了企业经营战略的变化,提出大规模定制信息的概念,并就大规模定制信息的内容和方法进行了深入讨论。
在信息化制造系统的体系中,引入“企业信息代理服务中心”的概念,构造了一个基于分层结构、支持企业各种应用系统之间的信息集成与过程集成的开放式EAI 总体框架,详细论述了基于EAI 总体框架实现各应用系统之间的信息集成和过程集成的关键技术与方法。采用基于CORBA 和XML 的紧密集成方案,以及基于Web Services 和企业私有UDDI 的松散集成方案实现了CAPP/PDM 和PDM/ERP 之
The rapid change of market demand and the global economic integration have greatly widened the range of manufacturing activity. A product’s value structure, production cost and response speed are more and more dependent upon manufacturing information and knowledge. Information is becoming a dominating factor to constrain modern manufacturing system. It has brought a new demand for manufacturing science.
Taking the information in the manufacturing activity as the main clue, the dissertation tried to center the discussion on the Information-based Manufacturing combined with the research of national nature science fund project and “863”high-technology plan project. The dissertation takes the Information-based Manufacturing as the center; architecture of Information-based Manufacturing, theory of manufacturing information and information integration as its basic points; and mass customization information and enterprise application system integration in the Information-based Manufacturing as the supporting points. The model and architecture of Information-based Manufacturing are systematically put forward against the background of informatization for the manufacturing industry. The meaning, character, fundamental theory and key technologies of information are studied. The organization form and constitution of Information-based Manufacturing are given. The six characteristic factors and the inherence dynamic mechanisms led by self-organization of Information-based Manufacturing system are analyzed in the dissertation.
The definition, character, types and intensity of information are researched. The manufacturing information is classified. The influence of information quality upon decision-making has been evaluated from sensitivity, value sensitivity and precision of information. The fundamental methods and engineering application of bayes's theorem are discussed, the maximum entropy principle for the choice regulation of prior distribution is analyzed. The bayesian estimation of parameters is gained by means of the method of conjugate distribution. The property and application of Beta distribution function are researched.
System structure of the integration criterion of manufacturing information are given with base of analysis of several main methods of information integration. Information integration methods based XML and Enterprise Application Integration(EAI) are studied. The
key technology and realizing means of information integration & process integration for CAPP/PDM/ERP are researched according to integration mode of EAI confirmed by infrastructure of information-based manufacturing system. Mass customization is a typical production mode of information-based manufact -uring. The manage of individuality information and information-share between prod-uction enterprises will be the key factor for mass customization. From the evolution of manufacturing mode, the change of enterprise management stratagem is reviewed in the dissertation. The concept of mass customization information is given. The content and methods of mass customization information are discussed. The concept of “center of vicegerent service for enterprise information”is introduced in the Information-based Manufacturing system, and an overall architecture of open EAI based upon hierarchical structure and supporting information integration and process integration of various applied systems in enterprise is presented.The key technologies and the implementation methods of information integration and process integration between some application systems based on EAI are discussed in detail.The information integration of CAPP/PDM and PDM/ERP is realized with a scheme of compact integration based on CORBA and XML and a scheme of incompact integration based on Web Services and private UDDI. The process integration of CAPP/PDM/ERP is also realized through modeling the overall process in the Enterprise Application Portal and Managing respectively in some local processes. Finally, the research contents and conclusions of this dissertation have been summarized and its further studies are forecast.
引文
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