我国东北森林沼泽区化探异常查证方法技术研究
|
摘要
森林沼泽区地球化学勘查工作已开展多年,但依据化探成果所发现的矿床却寥寥无几,效果很不理想,其主要原因是尚未找到行之有效的化探异常查证方法。本论文以黑龙江森林沼泽区为例,主要进行中大比例尺化探方法技术研究。研究内容包括:①对黑龙江森林沼泽区进行地球化学亚景观类型划分;②研究不同亚景观类型元素表生迁移、富集规律;③寻找能够反映内生金属矿床信息的表生介质及元素的存在、迁移形式;④提出森林沼泽区不同亚景观类型的化探异常查证思路和方法技术。
黑龙江森林沼泽区可划分为六个亚景观类型:上黑龙江低山丘陵亚景观类型、呼中—塔河中低山亚景观类型、黑河—孙吴低山丘陵亚景观类型、小兴安岭—张广才岭中低山亚景观类型、完达山低山丘陵亚景观类型、镜泊湖—鸡东新生代玄武岩覆盖亚景观类型。不同的亚景观类型应采用不同的异常查证方法。本论文从表生介质与内生成矿作用相联系的观点出发,根据表生介质中元素的存在、迁移形式,分别对森林沼泽区不同亚景观类型Au及Cu、Pb、Zn异常查证方法进行了研究。依据研究成果,选择两处异常进行了试点查证,发现金矿化一处,钼矿化一处,证明了方法技术的有效性。
总之,论文系统地研究了黑龙江森林沼泽区中存在的主要亚景观类型,研究了各亚景观类型中表生介质的物质组成、粒级分布、元素含量变化、元素的表生存在、迁移形式以及与内生金属矿床的关系,在此基础上提出了森林沼泽区化探异常评价、查证的思路和方法,并在试点研究中取得了满意的成果。不仅为今后的矿产勘查提供了方法,也为该区进一步的理论研究奠定了基础。
Swamp-forest area geochemical perambulantion task has developed manyyears , but there were only a few of the discoverable deposits whichaccording to the geochemical production . The effect was not very perfect .The principal reason is that an effective anomaly verification method hasbeen found yet .
This dissertation took the Heilongjiang swamp-forest area for exampleto make the research of mid-large scale geochemical technique .Theresearch contents included : ① differentiated the geochemistrysub-landscape style in the Heilongjiang swamp-forest area . ②researched the secondary transference enrichment rule of differentsub-landscape style element .③found the secondary medium which canreflect the endogenesis metal deposit information and the existenttransference form of the element. ④ provided the swamp-forest with thegeochemical anomaly verification thoughtway and technique of differentsub-landscape styles .
The landscape condition of the swamp-forest landscape is complex ,the Heilongjiang swamp-forest area is divided into six sub-landscapestyles:above Heilongjiang low mountain hill sub-landscape style 、Huzhong-Tahe mid-low sub-landscape style、Heihe-Sunwu low mountain hillsub-landscape style、Xiaoxinganling-Zhangguangcailing mid-low mountainsub-landscape style、Wandashan low mountain hill sub-landscape style、Jingpohu-Jidong Cenozoic basalt cover sub-landscape styles .Differentsub-landscape styles have been taken different anomaly verificationmethods .The starting point of this dissertation was to establish theideology which contacted secondary medium with endogenesis mineralizeeffect, and estimated the different existent and migratial forms of theelement in secondary medium . Au Cu Pb Zn anomaly verification method wasresearched differently. On the basis of research achievement ,select two
places of anomaly to check by experimental unit and discover one placeof gold mineralization and one place of molybdenum mineralization whichprove the effectivity of the method technique .In a word , the existent principal sub-landscape style and itsdistribution area in the Heilongjiang swamp-forest area ,thesubstantial composing of each sub-landscape style ,mesh distribution,the content change of element , secondary existence、migration form andthe relations of endogenesis metal deposit of element have beensystematically studies in this paper, and the geochemical anomalyevaluation, the thoughtway of verification and method have been advancedin swamp-forest area based on the result of the study ,and got a good resultin the experimental unit research ,The result of the study are not onlyfurnishing the method for mineral perambulantion ahead ,but also preparea ground for further theoretical study in such area.
黑龙江森林沼泽区可划分为六个亚景观类型:上黑龙江低山丘陵亚景观类型、呼中—塔河中低山亚景观类型、黑河—孙吴低山丘陵亚景观类型、小兴安岭—张广才岭中低山亚景观类型、完达山低山丘陵亚景观类型、镜泊湖—鸡东新生代玄武岩覆盖亚景观类型。不同的亚景观类型应采用不同的异常查证方法。本论文从表生介质与内生成矿作用相联系的观点出发,根据表生介质中元素的存在、迁移形式,分别对森林沼泽区不同亚景观类型Au及Cu、Pb、Zn异常查证方法进行了研究。依据研究成果,选择两处异常进行了试点查证,发现金矿化一处,钼矿化一处,证明了方法技术的有效性。
总之,论文系统地研究了黑龙江森林沼泽区中存在的主要亚景观类型,研究了各亚景观类型中表生介质的物质组成、粒级分布、元素含量变化、元素的表生存在、迁移形式以及与内生金属矿床的关系,在此基础上提出了森林沼泽区化探异常评价、查证的思路和方法,并在试点研究中取得了满意的成果。不仅为今后的矿产勘查提供了方法,也为该区进一步的理论研究奠定了基础。
Swamp-forest area geochemical perambulantion task has developed manyyears , but there were only a few of the discoverable deposits whichaccording to the geochemical production . The effect was not very perfect .The principal reason is that an effective anomaly verification method hasbeen found yet .
This dissertation took the Heilongjiang swamp-forest area for exampleto make the research of mid-large scale geochemical technique .Theresearch contents included : ① differentiated the geochemistrysub-landscape style in the Heilongjiang swamp-forest area . ②researched the secondary transference enrichment rule of differentsub-landscape style element .③found the secondary medium which canreflect the endogenesis metal deposit information and the existenttransference form of the element. ④ provided the swamp-forest with thegeochemical anomaly verification thoughtway and technique of differentsub-landscape styles .
The landscape condition of the swamp-forest landscape is complex ,the Heilongjiang swamp-forest area is divided into six sub-landscapestyles:above Heilongjiang low mountain hill sub-landscape style 、Huzhong-Tahe mid-low sub-landscape style、Heihe-Sunwu low mountain hillsub-landscape style、Xiaoxinganling-Zhangguangcailing mid-low mountainsub-landscape style、Wandashan low mountain hill sub-landscape style、Jingpohu-Jidong Cenozoic basalt cover sub-landscape styles .Differentsub-landscape styles have been taken different anomaly verificationmethods .The starting point of this dissertation was to establish theideology which contacted secondary medium with endogenesis mineralizeeffect, and estimated the different existent and migratial forms of theelement in secondary medium . Au Cu Pb Zn anomaly verification method wasresearched differently. On the basis of research achievement ,select two
places of anomaly to check by experimental unit and discover one placeof gold mineralization and one place of molybdenum mineralization whichprove the effectivity of the method technique .In a word , the existent principal sub-landscape style and itsdistribution area in the Heilongjiang swamp-forest area ,thesubstantial composing of each sub-landscape style ,mesh distribution,the content change of element , secondary existence、migration form andthe relations of endogenesis metal deposit of element have beensystematically studies in this paper, and the geochemical anomalyevaluation, the thoughtway of verification and method have been advancedin swamp-forest area based on the result of the study ,and got a good resultin the experimental unit research ,The result of the study are not onlyfurnishing the method for mineral perambulantion ahead ,but also preparea ground for further theoretical study in such area.
引文
[1] 谢又予,我国东北地区的冰缘地貌与分区,冰川冻土,1981 年,第四期
[2] 李庆录等,森林沼泽景观区化探找金技术方法—以黑龙江北部和内蒙古北部为例,黄金地质,2001,第三期
[3] 陈岩 李汉光,浅谈厚层覆盖森林区化探找金工作程序—以黑龙江省砂宝斯金矿为例,黄金地质,2000,第一期
[4] 刘少明 刘忠田,上黑龙江植被覆盖区水系沉积物金异常评价, 黄金地质,2001,第二期
[5] 崔玉军,森林沼泽景观区影响元素表生变化的一个重要因素—腐殖酸,黑龙江地质,1999,第十期
[6] 周楫,得尔布干成矿带化探方法技术研究,有色金属矿产与勘查,1999,第 8 期
[7] 冷福荣 郭利军,内蒙得尔布干成矿带区域化探方法技术初探,1991,内蒙古地质,第 1期
[8] 汪明启等,黑龙江森林沼泽区 1/20 万区域化探扫面方法研究, (内部资料),1994
[9] 杨少平等,我国东北部森林沼泽景观区域化探工作方法技术研究, (内部资料),2001
[10]汪明启等,黑龙江大兴安岭森林沼泽区区域化探异常追踪和查证方法研究(内部资料),1998
[11]张华、孔牧,内蒙古额尔古纳市西口子—八道卡金异常查证方法应用研究, (内部资料),1999
[12]马晓阳等,黑龙江省呼玛县富拉罕金矿土壤测量方法试验报告,内部资料),1998
[13]马晓阳等,黑龙江省大兴安岭地区松岭区古利库金矿土壤测量方法试验报告,(内部资料)2000
[14]马晓阳等,黑龙江省伊春市富强金矿化探工作方法试验报告,(内部资料),2002
[15]马晓阳等,黑龙江省漠河县二根河地区 1/5 万水系沉积物测量方法试验报告,(内部资料), 1998
[16]马晓阳等,黑龙江省穆棱、东宁、老黑山等幅区域化探扫面方法试验报告,(内部资料), 1997
[17]赵玉涛,内蒙古大兴安岭南段表生地球化学作用特征,内蒙古地质,2001,第一期
[18]孔牧,植物体内元素吸收积累初步研究,物探与化探,1999,第 1 期
[19]张宏等,大兴安岭北部森林覆盖区植物化探找矿方法的新思路,1999,贵金属地质,第 8期
[20]Schnitzer 等,环境中的腐殖物质,地质出版社,北京,1977
[21]波诺马廖娃等,魏开湄译,腐殖质和土壤形成,地质出版社,北京, 1987,
[22]吴传壁、施俊法,上置晕与物质的“类气相”垂向迁移,地学前缘,第 5 卷,第 1 期
[23]R.W.博伊尔,金的地球化学及金矿床,地质出版社,北京,1984
[24]H.J.勒斯勒、H.朗格,地球化学表,地质出版社,1985 [25 Larsson,J.O.,1975,Copper in organic stream sediments pver sulfide bearing Graphtec horizons.J.Geochem Explor.,5:364-366
[26] [80]Sibbick, S.J. And Fletcher, W.K., 1993, Distribution and behavior of Gold in soil and till at the Nickel Plate Mine, southern British Columbia, Canada, J. Geochem.Explor., 47:183-200.
[27]Clark, J. R.., 1993. Enzyme-induced leaching of B-horizon aoils for mineral exploration in areas of glacial overburden. Trans. Instn. Min. Metall. (Sect.B: Appl.earth sci. ), 102: B19-B29
[28]Clark, J. R., Meier, A. L.and Riddle, 1990. Enzyme leaching of surficial geochemical samples for defecting hydromorphic trace-element anomalies associated with precious-metal mineralized bedrock buried beneath glacial overburden in northern in northern Minnesota .In:GOLD'90,189-207
[29]Tanskanen.H,1976,Factors affecting the metal contents in peat profiles,JGE5(3).
[84]Tanskanen.H,1976,Rookkijarvi-the nickel/copper ratio in peat in a gabbro-peridotitic area, JGE5(3).
[30]Jackson,K.S. and Skippen,G.B.,1978,Geochemical dispersion of heavy metals via organic complexing: a laboratory study of copper, lead, zinc, and nickel behaviour at a simulated sediment-water bourdary .J.Geochem.EXPLOR.,Vol.10.
[31]Baker,W.E.,1973,The role of humic acids from Tasmanian podzolic soils in mineral degradation and mobilization.Geochem.Cosmochim.Acta,Vol.37.
[32]Chowdhury, A.N.,and Bose B.B.,1972,Studies on the method of estimation of cold extractable copper in soil.United Nations (1972).
[33]Chowdhury, A.N.,and Bose B.B.,1971,Role of “humus matter” in formation of geochemical anomalies.In: R.W. Boyle and J.I.McGerrigle(Editor), Geochemical Exploration. C.I.M.Special Vol.11.
[34]Gleeson,C.F.and Coope,J.A.,1966,Some observations on the distribution of metals in swamps in eastern Canada. In: E.M.Cameron(Editor), Proc. Symp. Geochem. Prospecting, Ottawa. Geol. Survey. Can. Pap., Vol.66.
[35]R.Ewelett, Dukhanin.A.S., Veshev.S.A.and Voroshilov.N.A., 1966, Some aspects of practical use of geoelectrochemical methods of exploration for deep-seated mineralization. J.Geochem.Explor., 56:79-86.
[36]Boyle.R.W., 1977,Cupriferous bogs in the Sackville area, New Brunswick,Canada. JGE 8(3).
[37]Larsson,J.O.,1976, Organic stream sediments in regional geochemical prospecting, Precambrian Pajala distict, Sweden. J.Geochemical Explor. Vol.6.
[38]Whitney, Ph.R.,1975, Relationship of manganese-iron oxides and associated, New York State: effects of geology and land use. J.Geochem. Explor.,Vol.14.
[39]Whitney, Ph.R.,1980, Heavy metals and manganese oxides in the Genesee Watershed, New York State: effects of geology and land use. J.Geochem. Explor.,14.
[40]Schniter, M. and Skinner, S. I. L., 1966, Organic-metallic interactions in soils: stability constants of Cu2+, Fe2+, and Zn2+Fulvic acid complexes, Soil Sci.,102: 361-365.
[41]Camus, F. And Dilles, J. H., 2001, A special devoted to porphyry Copper deposits of Northern Chile, Cconomic Geology, 96:233-237.
[42]Antropova, L.V., Goldberg, I.S., Voroshilov, N.A. and Ryss, Yu. S., 1992. New methods of regional exploration for blind mineralization: application in the USSR. J. Geochem. Explor.,43:157-166.
[43]Schniter, M. and Khan.S.U., 1978, Soil Organic Matter, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
[44]Fletcher.W.K., 1995, Enrichment of platinum and associated elementsin organic seepage soils of the Tulameen ultramafic complex, southern British Colu, JGE, 54(1),39-47p.
[45]Hall.G.E.M., 1995, Reabsorption of gold during the selective extraction of the “Soluble organic” phase of humus, soil and sediment samples, JGE, 54(1), 27-38p.
[46]Speczik.S., 1995, A stable isotope and organic geochemical study of the relationship between the Anthracosia shale and Kupferschiefer mineral, Chem. Geol.,123,133-151p.
[47]Pittman.E.D.,1994, Organic Acids in Geological Processes, Springer, 482p.
[48]Pratt.L.M., 1992, Geochemistry of Organic Matter in Sediments and Sed, imentary Rocks, SEPM Short Course 27, SEPM,100p.
[49]Bowles.J.F.W., 1995,Organic controls on platinum-group (PGE) solubility in soils: initial data, Chron. De la Recherche Miniere (BRGM), 63(520),65p.
[50]Hall.G.E.M., 1996, Analytical aspects of the application of sodium pyrophosphate reagent in the specific extraction of the labile organic compon, JGE,56(1), 23-39p.
[51]Chao, T.T.and Theobald, P.K.,1976. The significance of iron and manganese oxides in geochemical exploration . Econ. Geol.,71:1560-1569.
[52]Chao, T.T., 1972. Selective dissolution of manganese oxides from soils and sediments with acidified hydroxylamine hydro chloride: Soil Science of America Proceedings, vol.36, 764-768.
[53]Chao, T.T., 1984, Use of partial dissolusion techniques in geochemical exploration.J.Geochem. Explor. 20.
[54]Clifton, H.E., Hunter, R.E., Swanson, F.T. and Philips, R.L., 1969. Sample size and meaningful gold analysis. U.S.Geol.Surv.,Pap.625c,17pp.
[55]Wang Mingqi, Ren Tianxiang, Liu yinghan, The study of surfacial geochemical dispersion around a polymetallic mineralization and geochemical exploration in permaforest and forest-swamp terrain, Da-hinggan Mts., Northestern China(A). In: Xie Xuejing. Proc.30th Int'1.Geol(C). Congr. Geochemistry. The Netherlands, International Science Publisher. 1997, 19.
[56]Xie Xuejing, 1992, Local and regional surface geochemical exploration for oil and gas, J. Geochem.Explor. 42:25-42.
[57]Wang Xueqiu, Cheng Zhizhong, Liu Dawen, Xu Li and Xie Xuejing, 1997. Nanoscale metals in earthgas and mobile forms of metals in overburden in wide-spaced regional exploration for giant ore deposits in overburden terrains. J. Geochem. Explor. 58(1):63-72.
[58]Cannon H L, 1979. Advances in botanical methods of prospecting for minerals, part I-ADVANCES IN GEOBOTANICAL METHODS. In: P. J. Hood(Editor), Geophysics and geochemistry in the search for metallic ores, Proceedings of Exploration '77, Ottawa, Canada.
[59]Min.M.Z., Meng.Z.W., Sheng.G.Y., 2000, Organic geochemistry of paleokarst-hosted uranium deposits, South China.
[60]Wang Mingqi, Ren Tianxiang, Liu yinghan, et al. Stream water-anideal medium for rapidly locating polymetallic mineralization in forest-swamp terrain., Northeastern Heilongjiang(J). Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1995,55:269-264.
[61]Giza.A.P., 1999, A Special Issue on Organic Matter and Ore Deposits: Interactions, Applications, and Case Studies.
[62]Buckau.G., Artinger.R., Geyer.S., 2000,Groundwater in-situ generation of aquatic humic and fulvic acids and the mineralization of sedimentary organic carbon.
[63] 林丽 等,藻、有机质、粘土矿物富金成矿对比试验,1999,地质学报,第 1 期
[64] 柴岫,中国泥炭的形成与分布规律的初步探讨,地理学报,1982 第三期
[65] 孙广友,沼泽湿地的形成,国土与自然资源的研究,1998,第四期
[66] 尹善春等,中国泥炭资源及其利用开发,地质出版社,北京, 1991,
[67] 李铁等,沉积物与水间相互作用的研究进展,环境科学进展,1998Vo1.6
[68] 谢学锦,中国化探走向 2000 年,物探与化探,1992,Vo1.16
[69] 谢学锦等主编,走向 21 世纪的矿产勘查地球化学,地质出版社,北京,1999
[70] 张守本、谈成龙、沈珠琴,元素有机相态的提取技术及应用,物探与化探,2000,Vo1.24
[71] 关广岳著,金属矿床氧化带微生物地球化学,科学出版社, 北京,2000,10—53
[72] 龚子同等,土壤地球化学的进展和应用,地质出版社,北京,1985
[73] 武改铃等,土壤对铜离子专性吸附初步研究,环境科学,1984,第二卷 1 期
[74] 虞锁富,土壤对重金属离子的竞争吸附,土壤学报,1991,Vo1.28
[75] 殷鸿福等著,生物成矿系统论,中国地质大学出版社, 北京,1998,8—42
[76] 尹善春等,中国泥炭资源及其开发利用,地质出版社,北京,1991
[77] 周国华等,土壤剖面元素分布及其地质、环境意义,地质与勘探,2002,38(6)
[78] 吴传壁等,苏联贝阿线地带化探工作,国外地质勘探技术,第 1.2 期 ,1987
[79] 龚美菱著,相态分析与地质找矿,地质出版社,北京,1994,85—132
[80] 张守本等,元素有机相态的提取技术及应用,物探与化探,2000,第 3 期
[81] 王继伦、李善芳等编著,中国金矿物探化探方法技术的研究与应用,地质出版社,北京,1997
[82] 冶金工业部地质勘查总局,金矿勘查方法技术应用趋势 1988
[83] 熊鹏飞,中国若干主要类型铜矿床勘查模式,中国地质大学出版社,北京,1995
[84] 刘培桐主编,薛纪渝、王华东编,环境学概论,高等教育出版社,北京,1995
[85] 马生明等,高山峡谷区快速评价找矿靶区的化探方法技术,物探与化探,2002,26(3)
[86] 中国地质勘查局,区域地球化学调查规范(DZ/T0167—95),地质出版社,北京,1996
[87] 谢学锦,区域化探,地质出版社,北京,1979
[88] 黑龙江省区域矿产总结(内部资料),1994
[89] 中国地质勘查局,地球化学普查规范(DZ/T0011—97),地质出版社,北京,1991
[90] 哈尔滨地图出版社,黑龙江省地图册,哈尔滨地图出版社,哈尔滨,1998
[91] 周幼吾等,中国冻土,科学技术出版社,北京, 2000
[92] 刘光明主编,中国自然地理图集,地图出版社,1998
[93] 黑龙江省区域地质志,地质出版社,北京,1993
[94] 于天仁等,土壤化学原理,科学技术出版社,北京, 1987
[95] 李学垣主编.土壤化学,高等教育出版社,2001,北京,19—29,44—137
[96] I.A.E.A.,土壤有机质研究,地质出版社,北京,1976
[97] 刘南威主编.自然地理学,科学出版社, 北京,2000,135—187
[98] 刘英俊、曹励明主编,元素地球化学,地质出版社,1984,北京
[99] 刘英俊、曹励明,元素地球化学导论,高等教育出版社,北京,1987
[100] 李天杰、郑应顺、王云,土壤地理学,地质出版社,北京,1983
[101] 李家熙等,中国生态环境地球化学图集,地质出版社,北京,1999
[102] 邬建国,景观生态学—格局、过程、尺度与等级,科学技术出版社,北京,2000
[103] 涂光炽等.低温地球化学,地质出版社, 北京,1998, 1—85,
[104] 国家标准局,森林土壤 PH 值测定(GB7885—87),1987
[105] 土壤地球化学测量规范(DZ/T0145—94),地质出版社,北京,1995
[106] 地球化学勘查术语(GB/T14496—93),地质出版社,北京,1993
[107] 魏复盛等,中国土壤元素背景值,地质出版社,北京,1990
[108] H.D.福斯,唐耀先等译,土壤科学原理,地质出版社,北京,1984
[109] 伍宗华等,汞的勘查地球化学,地质出版社,北京,1994
[110] 吕英杰等,中国砂金矿的分布规律及其找矿方向, 地质出版社,北京,1992
[111] 地质大辞典(二),地质出版社,北京,2005
[2] 李庆录等,森林沼泽景观区化探找金技术方法—以黑龙江北部和内蒙古北部为例,黄金地质,2001,第三期
[3] 陈岩 李汉光,浅谈厚层覆盖森林区化探找金工作程序—以黑龙江省砂宝斯金矿为例,黄金地质,2000,第一期
[4] 刘少明 刘忠田,上黑龙江植被覆盖区水系沉积物金异常评价, 黄金地质,2001,第二期
[5] 崔玉军,森林沼泽景观区影响元素表生变化的一个重要因素—腐殖酸,黑龙江地质,1999,第十期
[6] 周楫,得尔布干成矿带化探方法技术研究,有色金属矿产与勘查,1999,第 8 期
[7] 冷福荣 郭利军,内蒙得尔布干成矿带区域化探方法技术初探,1991,内蒙古地质,第 1期
[8] 汪明启等,黑龙江森林沼泽区 1/20 万区域化探扫面方法研究, (内部资料),1994
[9] 杨少平等,我国东北部森林沼泽景观区域化探工作方法技术研究, (内部资料),2001
[10]汪明启等,黑龙江大兴安岭森林沼泽区区域化探异常追踪和查证方法研究(内部资料),1998
[11]张华、孔牧,内蒙古额尔古纳市西口子—八道卡金异常查证方法应用研究, (内部资料),1999
[12]马晓阳等,黑龙江省呼玛县富拉罕金矿土壤测量方法试验报告,内部资料),1998
[13]马晓阳等,黑龙江省大兴安岭地区松岭区古利库金矿土壤测量方法试验报告,(内部资料)2000
[14]马晓阳等,黑龙江省伊春市富强金矿化探工作方法试验报告,(内部资料),2002
[15]马晓阳等,黑龙江省漠河县二根河地区 1/5 万水系沉积物测量方法试验报告,(内部资料), 1998
[16]马晓阳等,黑龙江省穆棱、东宁、老黑山等幅区域化探扫面方法试验报告,(内部资料), 1997
[17]赵玉涛,内蒙古大兴安岭南段表生地球化学作用特征,内蒙古地质,2001,第一期
[18]孔牧,植物体内元素吸收积累初步研究,物探与化探,1999,第 1 期
[19]张宏等,大兴安岭北部森林覆盖区植物化探找矿方法的新思路,1999,贵金属地质,第 8期
[20]Schnitzer 等,环境中的腐殖物质,地质出版社,北京,1977
[21]波诺马廖娃等,魏开湄译,腐殖质和土壤形成,地质出版社,北京, 1987,
[22]吴传壁、施俊法,上置晕与物质的“类气相”垂向迁移,地学前缘,第 5 卷,第 1 期
[23]R.W.博伊尔,金的地球化学及金矿床,地质出版社,北京,1984
[24]H.J.勒斯勒、H.朗格,地球化学表,地质出版社,1985 [25 Larsson,J.O.,1975,Copper in organic stream sediments pver sulfide bearing Graphtec horizons.J.Geochem Explor.,5:364-366
[26] [80]Sibbick, S.J. And Fletcher, W.K., 1993, Distribution and behavior of Gold in soil and till at the Nickel Plate Mine, southern British Columbia, Canada, J. Geochem.Explor., 47:183-200.
[27]Clark, J. R.., 1993. Enzyme-induced leaching of B-horizon aoils for mineral exploration in areas of glacial overburden. Trans. Instn. Min. Metall. (Sect.B: Appl.earth sci. ), 102: B19-B29
[28]Clark, J. R., Meier, A. L.and Riddle, 1990. Enzyme leaching of surficial geochemical samples for defecting hydromorphic trace-element anomalies associated with precious-metal mineralized bedrock buried beneath glacial overburden in northern in northern Minnesota .In:GOLD'90,189-207
[29]Tanskanen.H,1976,Factors affecting the metal contents in peat profiles,JGE5(3).
[84]Tanskanen.H,1976,Rookkijarvi-the nickel/copper ratio in peat in a gabbro-peridotitic area, JGE5(3).
[30]Jackson,K.S. and Skippen,G.B.,1978,Geochemical dispersion of heavy metals via organic complexing: a laboratory study of copper, lead, zinc, and nickel behaviour at a simulated sediment-water bourdary .J.Geochem.EXPLOR.,Vol.10.
[31]Baker,W.E.,1973,The role of humic acids from Tasmanian podzolic soils in mineral degradation and mobilization.Geochem.Cosmochim.Acta,Vol.37.
[32]Chowdhury, A.N.,and Bose B.B.,1972,Studies on the method of estimation of cold extractable copper in soil.United Nations (1972).
[33]Chowdhury, A.N.,and Bose B.B.,1971,Role of “humus matter” in formation of geochemical anomalies.In: R.W. Boyle and J.I.McGerrigle(Editor), Geochemical Exploration. C.I.M.Special Vol.11.
[34]Gleeson,C.F.and Coope,J.A.,1966,Some observations on the distribution of metals in swamps in eastern Canada. In: E.M.Cameron(Editor), Proc. Symp. Geochem. Prospecting, Ottawa. Geol. Survey. Can. Pap., Vol.66.
[35]R.Ewelett, Dukhanin.A.S., Veshev.S.A.and Voroshilov.N.A., 1966, Some aspects of practical use of geoelectrochemical methods of exploration for deep-seated mineralization. J.Geochem.Explor., 56:79-86.
[36]Boyle.R.W., 1977,Cupriferous bogs in the Sackville area, New Brunswick,Canada. JGE 8(3).
[37]Larsson,J.O.,1976, Organic stream sediments in regional geochemical prospecting, Precambrian Pajala distict, Sweden. J.Geochemical Explor. Vol.6.
[38]Whitney, Ph.R.,1975, Relationship of manganese-iron oxides and associated, New York State: effects of geology and land use. J.Geochem. Explor.,Vol.14.
[39]Whitney, Ph.R.,1980, Heavy metals and manganese oxides in the Genesee Watershed, New York State: effects of geology and land use. J.Geochem. Explor.,14.
[40]Schniter, M. and Skinner, S. I. L., 1966, Organic-metallic interactions in soils: stability constants of Cu2+, Fe2+, and Zn2+Fulvic acid complexes, Soil Sci.,102: 361-365.
[41]Camus, F. And Dilles, J. H., 2001, A special devoted to porphyry Copper deposits of Northern Chile, Cconomic Geology, 96:233-237.
[42]Antropova, L.V., Goldberg, I.S., Voroshilov, N.A. and Ryss, Yu. S., 1992. New methods of regional exploration for blind mineralization: application in the USSR. J. Geochem. Explor.,43:157-166.
[43]Schniter, M. and Khan.S.U., 1978, Soil Organic Matter, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
[44]Fletcher.W.K., 1995, Enrichment of platinum and associated elementsin organic seepage soils of the Tulameen ultramafic complex, southern British Colu, JGE, 54(1),39-47p.
[45]Hall.G.E.M., 1995, Reabsorption of gold during the selective extraction of the “Soluble organic” phase of humus, soil and sediment samples, JGE, 54(1), 27-38p.
[46]Speczik.S., 1995, A stable isotope and organic geochemical study of the relationship between the Anthracosia shale and Kupferschiefer mineral, Chem. Geol.,123,133-151p.
[47]Pittman.E.D.,1994, Organic Acids in Geological Processes, Springer, 482p.
[48]Pratt.L.M., 1992, Geochemistry of Organic Matter in Sediments and Sed, imentary Rocks, SEPM Short Course 27, SEPM,100p.
[49]Bowles.J.F.W., 1995,Organic controls on platinum-group (PGE) solubility in soils: initial data, Chron. De la Recherche Miniere (BRGM), 63(520),65p.
[50]Hall.G.E.M., 1996, Analytical aspects of the application of sodium pyrophosphate reagent in the specific extraction of the labile organic compon, JGE,56(1), 23-39p.
[51]Chao, T.T.and Theobald, P.K.,1976. The significance of iron and manganese oxides in geochemical exploration . Econ. Geol.,71:1560-1569.
[52]Chao, T.T., 1972. Selective dissolution of manganese oxides from soils and sediments with acidified hydroxylamine hydro chloride: Soil Science of America Proceedings, vol.36, 764-768.
[53]Chao, T.T., 1984, Use of partial dissolusion techniques in geochemical exploration.J.Geochem. Explor. 20.
[54]Clifton, H.E., Hunter, R.E., Swanson, F.T. and Philips, R.L., 1969. Sample size and meaningful gold analysis. U.S.Geol.Surv.,Pap.625c,17pp.
[55]Wang Mingqi, Ren Tianxiang, Liu yinghan, The study of surfacial geochemical dispersion around a polymetallic mineralization and geochemical exploration in permaforest and forest-swamp terrain, Da-hinggan Mts., Northestern China(A). In: Xie Xuejing. Proc.30th Int'1.Geol(C). Congr. Geochemistry. The Netherlands, International Science Publisher. 1997, 19.
[56]Xie Xuejing, 1992, Local and regional surface geochemical exploration for oil and gas, J. Geochem.Explor. 42:25-42.
[57]Wang Xueqiu, Cheng Zhizhong, Liu Dawen, Xu Li and Xie Xuejing, 1997. Nanoscale metals in earthgas and mobile forms of metals in overburden in wide-spaced regional exploration for giant ore deposits in overburden terrains. J. Geochem. Explor. 58(1):63-72.
[58]Cannon H L, 1979. Advances in botanical methods of prospecting for minerals, part I-ADVANCES IN GEOBOTANICAL METHODS. In: P. J. Hood(Editor), Geophysics and geochemistry in the search for metallic ores, Proceedings of Exploration '77, Ottawa, Canada.
[59]Min.M.Z., Meng.Z.W., Sheng.G.Y., 2000, Organic geochemistry of paleokarst-hosted uranium deposits, South China.
[60]Wang Mingqi, Ren Tianxiang, Liu yinghan, et al. Stream water-anideal medium for rapidly locating polymetallic mineralization in forest-swamp terrain., Northeastern Heilongjiang(J). Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1995,55:269-264.
[61]Giza.A.P., 1999, A Special Issue on Organic Matter and Ore Deposits: Interactions, Applications, and Case Studies.
[62]Buckau.G., Artinger.R., Geyer.S., 2000,Groundwater in-situ generation of aquatic humic and fulvic acids and the mineralization of sedimentary organic carbon.
[63] 林丽 等,藻、有机质、粘土矿物富金成矿对比试验,1999,地质学报,第 1 期
[64] 柴岫,中国泥炭的形成与分布规律的初步探讨,地理学报,1982 第三期
[65] 孙广友,沼泽湿地的形成,国土与自然资源的研究,1998,第四期
[66] 尹善春等,中国泥炭资源及其利用开发,地质出版社,北京, 1991,
[67] 李铁等,沉积物与水间相互作用的研究进展,环境科学进展,1998Vo1.6
[68] 谢学锦,中国化探走向 2000 年,物探与化探,1992,Vo1.16
[69] 谢学锦等主编,走向 21 世纪的矿产勘查地球化学,地质出版社,北京,1999
[70] 张守本、谈成龙、沈珠琴,元素有机相态的提取技术及应用,物探与化探,2000,Vo1.24
[71] 关广岳著,金属矿床氧化带微生物地球化学,科学出版社, 北京,2000,10—53
[72] 龚子同等,土壤地球化学的进展和应用,地质出版社,北京,1985
[73] 武改铃等,土壤对铜离子专性吸附初步研究,环境科学,1984,第二卷 1 期
[74] 虞锁富,土壤对重金属离子的竞争吸附,土壤学报,1991,Vo1.28
[75] 殷鸿福等著,生物成矿系统论,中国地质大学出版社, 北京,1998,8—42
[76] 尹善春等,中国泥炭资源及其开发利用,地质出版社,北京,1991
[77] 周国华等,土壤剖面元素分布及其地质、环境意义,地质与勘探,2002,38(6)
[78] 吴传壁等,苏联贝阿线地带化探工作,国外地质勘探技术,第 1.2 期 ,1987
[79] 龚美菱著,相态分析与地质找矿,地质出版社,北京,1994,85—132
[80] 张守本等,元素有机相态的提取技术及应用,物探与化探,2000,第 3 期
[81] 王继伦、李善芳等编著,中国金矿物探化探方法技术的研究与应用,地质出版社,北京,1997
[82] 冶金工业部地质勘查总局,金矿勘查方法技术应用趋势 1988
[83] 熊鹏飞,中国若干主要类型铜矿床勘查模式,中国地质大学出版社,北京,1995
[84] 刘培桐主编,薛纪渝、王华东编,环境学概论,高等教育出版社,北京,1995
[85] 马生明等,高山峡谷区快速评价找矿靶区的化探方法技术,物探与化探,2002,26(3)
[86] 中国地质勘查局,区域地球化学调查规范(DZ/T0167—95),地质出版社,北京,1996
[87] 谢学锦,区域化探,地质出版社,北京,1979
[88] 黑龙江省区域矿产总结(内部资料),1994
[89] 中国地质勘查局,地球化学普查规范(DZ/T0011—97),地质出版社,北京,1991
[90] 哈尔滨地图出版社,黑龙江省地图册,哈尔滨地图出版社,哈尔滨,1998
[91] 周幼吾等,中国冻土,科学技术出版社,北京, 2000
[92] 刘光明主编,中国自然地理图集,地图出版社,1998
[93] 黑龙江省区域地质志,地质出版社,北京,1993
[94] 于天仁等,土壤化学原理,科学技术出版社,北京, 1987
[95] 李学垣主编.土壤化学,高等教育出版社,2001,北京,19—29,44—137
[96] I.A.E.A.,土壤有机质研究,地质出版社,北京,1976
[97] 刘南威主编.自然地理学,科学出版社, 北京,2000,135—187
[98] 刘英俊、曹励明主编,元素地球化学,地质出版社,1984,北京
[99] 刘英俊、曹励明,元素地球化学导论,高等教育出版社,北京,1987
[100] 李天杰、郑应顺、王云,土壤地理学,地质出版社,北京,1983
[101] 李家熙等,中国生态环境地球化学图集,地质出版社,北京,1999
[102] 邬建国,景观生态学—格局、过程、尺度与等级,科学技术出版社,北京,2000
[103] 涂光炽等.低温地球化学,地质出版社, 北京,1998, 1—85,
[104] 国家标准局,森林土壤 PH 值测定(GB7885—87),1987
[105] 土壤地球化学测量规范(DZ/T0145—94),地质出版社,北京,1995
[106] 地球化学勘查术语(GB/T14496—93),地质出版社,北京,1993
[107] 魏复盛等,中国土壤元素背景值,地质出版社,北京,1990
[108] H.D.福斯,唐耀先等译,土壤科学原理,地质出版社,北京,1984
[109] 伍宗华等,汞的勘查地球化学,地质出版社,北京,1994
[110] 吕英杰等,中国砂金矿的分布规律及其找矿方向, 地质出版社,北京,1992
[111] 地质大辞典(二),地质出版社,北京,2005