真空—堆载联合预压法在公路软基上的应用研究
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摘要
软土在我国分布广泛,许多公路由于条件限制修筑在软土地基上,软土由于其含水量大、压缩性高、承载能力低的不利特点,给公路工程建设带来较大的影响。公路以软土作为路基一般要进行处理,常用的方法有堆载预压法、粉喷桩法、塑料排水板法、真空预压法等,其中真空-堆载联合预压法在施工稳定、工期、工后沉降及抵抗环境效应方面具有很大优势。
本文结合苏州桑田岛地区道路真空-堆载联合预压处理软基试验段工程开展了相关研究工作。主要研究内容有：
(1)从理论上分析堆载预压和真空预压的加固机理,进而分析两者联合处理后软土的特点；
(2)对预压处理前后的现场土体进行室内常规试验,对其土体的物理力学性质指标进行比较分析,评价预压加固处理的效果；
(3)依据工程监测数据,对试验段在该方法加固下的沉降量、孔隙压力、水平位移的变形规律及真空度的影响范围进行了探讨；用分层总和法给出了最终沉降量,运用Usher-Spillman模型对路基土体沉降发展趋势进行预测。
通过对真空-堆载联合预压法加固处理软土机理以及加固处理后土体工程性质研究,取得以下研究成果和认识。
(1)真空-堆载联合预压处理之后,土体的含水量明显下降,特别是位于14.0-14.3m深度的土层含水量变化率最大,真空-堆载联合预压排水效果明显。
(2)通过真空-堆载联合预压前后土体的物理力学性质试验结果对比分析来看,预压后的土密实度变大和含水量减小,土体的强度得到较大提高,特别是土体的内摩擦角提高较大,其粘聚力也有一定提高。
(3)真空-堆载联合预压后0-16m深度范围内土体其水平位移由两侧向路中心位移较明显,具有“向心”性,16-26m深度内,随着离加固区距离加大,这种“向心”作用显著减小。
(4)采用分层总和法计算断面K1+680、K1+580、K1+480的沉降量分别为154.31cm、138.70cm、129.20cm。当抽真空达到200d时通过模型计算对比分析,发现Usher-Spillman固结模型较为合适。
该项研究成果为桑田岛道路工程建设项目的设计、施工提供了科学依据,同时也为苏州其他类似工程的软基处理提供参考和指导。
Soft soil foundation is of wide distribution in China. Given that construction limits, numerous roads were built on the soft soil foundation. Owing to the disadvantage, like heavy moisture content, high compressibility and low foundation capability, of the soft soil, obstacles in road constructions are of great presence. In light of this issue, solutions like Surcharge Preloading Method, DJM Method, Plastic Drainage Method and Vacuum Preloading Method have been conducted to cope with the problems. However, the mentioned methods can still not sufficiently meet the requirements, for instance, the stability of construction, construction duration post-construction settlement and so on. Focusing upon this problem, Vacuum Combined Surcharge Preloading Method boasts the potential preponderances.
This thesis, linked with the research on experimental project of Vacuum Combined Surcharge Preloading Method for soft soil foundation in Sangtiandao region, Suzhou City, specifies in following concerns:
1) Theoretical analysis of surcharge preloading and reinforce mechanism of vacuum preloading with a further illustration of the features after the two methods are combined will be carried out.
2) Indoor conventional experiments of the soil mass on the spot before and after loading, comparative analysis of the physical mechanics quality index of soil mass after reinforced, and evaluation of the effectiveness will be implemented.
3) Discussion over regulation and vacuum influence basin of the quantity of settlement, pore pressure and horizontal movement after reinforced in such manner will be held with statistics from project monitoring, while Layerwise Summation Method and Usher-Spillman Model will be taken to predicate the settlement.
The findings and further understandings in the research are provided as follows:
1) The moisture content shrinks in clear form after the application of Vacuum Combined Surcharge Preloading Method, and the change rate of moisture content presents the most at the depth of14.0～14.3m. In this way, the effectiveness of this method can be clearly seen.
2) In accordance with the comparative study over experiment result of the physical mechanic quality of soil mass before and after the use of Vacuum Combined Surcharge Preloading Method, the finding is that, after preloading, the density of soil enlarged while the moisture content shrunk, the tightness of soil enhanced. Among other things, the internal friction angle in soil mass is relatively widened and its cohesion is intensified.
3) After Vacuum Combined Surcharge Preloading Method,0-16mm area in soil mass moves apparently from both sides of the road towards the center of it with "centripetalism";16-26mm area, the "centripetence" presents less effectiveness as the distance of the reinforced region is enlarged.
4) Calculations settlement in manner of Layerwise Summation on sections, namely, K1+480, k1+580,k1+680, are154.31cm,138.70cm,129.20cm respectively. When the vacuum to reach200d model shows User-Spillman Model is suitable after comparative analysis.
.The research with sufficient monitoring statistics in soft soil foundation of Sangtiandao region in Suzhou City is of great assistance for project design, construction, in the meantime, it offers reference and guidance to those resembling projects that are or will be implemented in Suzhou city, moreover, it enriches the theoretical and practical basis for further research.
本文结合苏州桑田岛地区道路真空-堆载联合预压处理软基试验段工程开展了相关研究工作。主要研究内容有：
(1)从理论上分析堆载预压和真空预压的加固机理,进而分析两者联合处理后软土的特点；
(2)对预压处理前后的现场土体进行室内常规试验,对其土体的物理力学性质指标进行比较分析,评价预压加固处理的效果；
(3)依据工程监测数据,对试验段在该方法加固下的沉降量、孔隙压力、水平位移的变形规律及真空度的影响范围进行了探讨；用分层总和法给出了最终沉降量,运用Usher-Spillman模型对路基土体沉降发展趋势进行预测。
通过对真空-堆载联合预压法加固处理软土机理以及加固处理后土体工程性质研究,取得以下研究成果和认识。
(1)真空-堆载联合预压处理之后,土体的含水量明显下降,特别是位于14.0-14.3m深度的土层含水量变化率最大,真空-堆载联合预压排水效果明显。
(2)通过真空-堆载联合预压前后土体的物理力学性质试验结果对比分析来看,预压后的土密实度变大和含水量减小,土体的强度得到较大提高,特别是土体的内摩擦角提高较大,其粘聚力也有一定提高。
(3)真空-堆载联合预压后0-16m深度范围内土体其水平位移由两侧向路中心位移较明显,具有“向心”性,16-26m深度内,随着离加固区距离加大,这种“向心”作用显著减小。
(4)采用分层总和法计算断面K1+680、K1+580、K1+480的沉降量分别为154.31cm、138.70cm、129.20cm。当抽真空达到200d时通过模型计算对比分析,发现Usher-Spillman固结模型较为合适。
该项研究成果为桑田岛道路工程建设项目的设计、施工提供了科学依据,同时也为苏州其他类似工程的软基处理提供参考和指导。
Soft soil foundation is of wide distribution in China. Given that construction limits, numerous roads were built on the soft soil foundation. Owing to the disadvantage, like heavy moisture content, high compressibility and low foundation capability, of the soft soil, obstacles in road constructions are of great presence. In light of this issue, solutions like Surcharge Preloading Method, DJM Method, Plastic Drainage Method and Vacuum Preloading Method have been conducted to cope with the problems. However, the mentioned methods can still not sufficiently meet the requirements, for instance, the stability of construction, construction duration post-construction settlement and so on. Focusing upon this problem, Vacuum Combined Surcharge Preloading Method boasts the potential preponderances.
This thesis, linked with the research on experimental project of Vacuum Combined Surcharge Preloading Method for soft soil foundation in Sangtiandao region, Suzhou City, specifies in following concerns:
1) Theoretical analysis of surcharge preloading and reinforce mechanism of vacuum preloading with a further illustration of the features after the two methods are combined will be carried out.
2) Indoor conventional experiments of the soil mass on the spot before and after loading, comparative analysis of the physical mechanics quality index of soil mass after reinforced, and evaluation of the effectiveness will be implemented.
3) Discussion over regulation and vacuum influence basin of the quantity of settlement, pore pressure and horizontal movement after reinforced in such manner will be held with statistics from project monitoring, while Layerwise Summation Method and Usher-Spillman Model will be taken to predicate the settlement.
The findings and further understandings in the research are provided as follows:
1) The moisture content shrinks in clear form after the application of Vacuum Combined Surcharge Preloading Method, and the change rate of moisture content presents the most at the depth of14.0～14.3m. In this way, the effectiveness of this method can be clearly seen.
2) In accordance with the comparative study over experiment result of the physical mechanic quality of soil mass before and after the use of Vacuum Combined Surcharge Preloading Method, the finding is that, after preloading, the density of soil enlarged while the moisture content shrunk, the tightness of soil enhanced. Among other things, the internal friction angle in soil mass is relatively widened and its cohesion is intensified.
3) After Vacuum Combined Surcharge Preloading Method,0-16mm area in soil mass moves apparently from both sides of the road towards the center of it with "centripetalism";16-26mm area, the "centripetence" presents less effectiveness as the distance of the reinforced region is enlarged.
4) Calculations settlement in manner of Layerwise Summation on sections, namely, K1+480, k1+580,k1+680, are154.31cm,138.70cm,129.20cm respectively. When the vacuum to reach200d model shows User-Spillman Model is suitable after comparative analysis.
.The research with sufficient monitoring statistics in soft soil foundation of Sangtiandao region in Suzhou City is of great assistance for project design, construction, in the meantime, it offers reference and guidance to those resembling projects that are or will be implemented in Suzhou city, moreover, it enriches the theoretical and practical basis for further research.
引文
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