民营企业控制权代理情境及其效能研究
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摘要
经过三十余年的改革开放,中国民营企业即将迎来史上最大规模的传承高峰期。本研究基于现实背景,探求民营企业控制权代理情境的内涵、形成与效能过程,旨在为中国民营企业突破成长困境、实现可持续发展提供理论启示。
首先,对民营企业控制权代理情境的构念进行研究。通过对两阶段20家中国民营企业23位高层经理的访谈,获得了民营企业控制权代理情境的原始数据,然后根据扎根理论的方法对数据进行分析,构建了控制权代理情境的内涵结构体系。本研究认为控制权代理情境是个三维构念：授权、自我效能和适应,分别反映了控制权代理行为的前因、过程和持续性的问题。
其次,对民营企业控制权代理情境的测量量表进行开发。结果显示使用’问卷法能够有效地捕捉到控制权代理情境的内涵结构,其包括的三个维度在不同行业类型、企业规模类型、企业战略类型存在显著差异,而且,民营企业主对代理人的授权普遍性不足,代理人对大型规模的企业适应度最高。
再次,对民营企业控制权代理情境的形成及效能过程进行研究。把代理人行为、企业主行为、组织文化和信任作为影响控制权代理情境的重要因素,并进一步探索控制权代理情境的效能,构建了相关理论模型,并对模型进行了实证检验。主要结论如下：经济型代理人行为与控制权代理情境负相关；管家型代理人行为与控制权代理情境正相关；家长型企业主行为与控制权代理情境部分负相关；变革型企业主行为与控制权代理情境正相关；规范制度、工作氛围与控制权代理情境正相关；信任与控制权代理情境正相关,且在代理人、企业主行为及组织文化对代理情境的影响过程中起中介作用；控制权代理情境与代理效能显著正相关。
最后,系统地归纳讨论上述研究结论,提出了本研究的创新点和局限,并对未来研究方向做了展望。
Chinese Private Firms (CPF) reaches a peak of succession after three decades of reform and opening up. Based on the background, the paper explores the implication, conformation and performance of the context of control agency in CPF, aiming to illuminate theoretically CPF in breaking through growth dilemma and sustainable development.
Firstly, the concept of the context of control agency in CPF is explored. The original data are gained through23interviews with senior managers from20CPF in two stages. The concept is founded with the data based on Grounded Theory. The results show that the context of control agency in CPF is defined by the3-dimension properties of authorization, self-efficacy and adaptation, in which authorization is the foundation and motivation, self-efficacy is the agents'behavior property and adaptation reflects the sustainablity of control agency.
Secondly, the scale of the context of control agency in CPF is developed. The scale captures the properties of the context of control agency of CPF. The results show that:the context of control agency of CPF is defined by the3-dimension properties of authorization, self-efficacy and adaptation, the3-dimension properties, which show significant discrepancy in different industries, firm sizes and business strategies. In general, agents are authorized inadequately and adapt best to the large-scale firms.
Thirdly, the conformation and performance mechanisms of the context of control agency in CPF are studied. Agent behavior, owner behavior, organizational culture and trust are regarded as the important factors influencing the context of control agency in CPF, and the process of efficiency is further explored, the relevant theoretical models are constructed and empirically tested. The results show:Economic agent behaviors are negatively related with the context; Stewardship agent behaviors are positively related with the context; Patriarchal owner behaviors are partially negatively related with the context; Transformational owner behavior are positively related with the context; Institutions and work atmosphere are positively related with the context; Trust is positively related with the context, and plays an intermediary role in agent behaviors, owner behaviors and organizational culture influencing process of the context; The context is significantly positively related with agency performance.
Finally, the results of study are systematically summarized and discussed. The innovation, limitation and prospects are proposed.
首先,对民营企业控制权代理情境的构念进行研究。通过对两阶段20家中国民营企业23位高层经理的访谈,获得了民营企业控制权代理情境的原始数据,然后根据扎根理论的方法对数据进行分析,构建了控制权代理情境的内涵结构体系。本研究认为控制权代理情境是个三维构念：授权、自我效能和适应,分别反映了控制权代理行为的前因、过程和持续性的问题。
其次,对民营企业控制权代理情境的测量量表进行开发。结果显示使用’问卷法能够有效地捕捉到控制权代理情境的内涵结构,其包括的三个维度在不同行业类型、企业规模类型、企业战略类型存在显著差异,而且,民营企业主对代理人的授权普遍性不足,代理人对大型规模的企业适应度最高。
再次,对民营企业控制权代理情境的形成及效能过程进行研究。把代理人行为、企业主行为、组织文化和信任作为影响控制权代理情境的重要因素,并进一步探索控制权代理情境的效能,构建了相关理论模型,并对模型进行了实证检验。主要结论如下：经济型代理人行为与控制权代理情境负相关；管家型代理人行为与控制权代理情境正相关；家长型企业主行为与控制权代理情境部分负相关；变革型企业主行为与控制权代理情境正相关；规范制度、工作氛围与控制权代理情境正相关；信任与控制权代理情境正相关,且在代理人、企业主行为及组织文化对代理情境的影响过程中起中介作用；控制权代理情境与代理效能显著正相关。
最后,系统地归纳讨论上述研究结论,提出了本研究的创新点和局限,并对未来研究方向做了展望。
Chinese Private Firms (CPF) reaches a peak of succession after three decades of reform and opening up. Based on the background, the paper explores the implication, conformation and performance of the context of control agency in CPF, aiming to illuminate theoretically CPF in breaking through growth dilemma and sustainable development.
Firstly, the concept of the context of control agency in CPF is explored. The original data are gained through23interviews with senior managers from20CPF in two stages. The concept is founded with the data based on Grounded Theory. The results show that the context of control agency in CPF is defined by the3-dimension properties of authorization, self-efficacy and adaptation, in which authorization is the foundation and motivation, self-efficacy is the agents'behavior property and adaptation reflects the sustainablity of control agency.
Secondly, the scale of the context of control agency in CPF is developed. The scale captures the properties of the context of control agency of CPF. The results show that:the context of control agency of CPF is defined by the3-dimension properties of authorization, self-efficacy and adaptation, the3-dimension properties, which show significant discrepancy in different industries, firm sizes and business strategies. In general, agents are authorized inadequately and adapt best to the large-scale firms.
Thirdly, the conformation and performance mechanisms of the context of control agency in CPF are studied. Agent behavior, owner behavior, organizational culture and trust are regarded as the important factors influencing the context of control agency in CPF, and the process of efficiency is further explored, the relevant theoretical models are constructed and empirically tested. The results show:Economic agent behaviors are negatively related with the context; Stewardship agent behaviors are positively related with the context; Patriarchal owner behaviors are partially negatively related with the context; Transformational owner behavior are positively related with the context; Institutions and work atmosphere are positively related with the context; Trust is positively related with the context, and plays an intermediary role in agent behaviors, owner behaviors and organizational culture influencing process of the context; The context is significantly positively related with agency performance.
Finally, the results of study are systematically summarized and discussed. The innovation, limitation and prospects are proposed.
引文
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