PC轧机板形控制特性与工作辊辊型优化的研究
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摘要
PC轧机对于改善板带材的板形及控制轧件的凸度有十分显著的功效,因而它在带钢的热轧和冷轧中有较为广泛的应用。由于PC轧机轧辊之间存在交叉,轧制过程中会产生较大的轴向力,在高速轧制情况下,轧机的稳定性低于普通四辊轧机,限制板带产品的质量和轧制生产效率。另外由于弯辊力的存在,会加速工作辊辊面的磨损,降低工作辊及其轴承座的使用寿命。因此,如何提高工作辊使用寿命,有效的降低交叉角和弯辊力,保证板形良好,这些研究对于实现PC轧机的板形自动控制以及推广PC轧机在我国的应用具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。
首先,采用差分法求解金属塑性变形。结合PC轧机交叉轧制时不同于普通四辊轧机的轧制变形区特性,全面考虑了纵向(轧制方向)、横向(板宽方向)和高向(板厚方向)三个方向上的正应力和剪切应力的综合影响,建立PC轧机轧制力计算模型,并对轧制力模型进行了验证,证明了所建模型的准确性。
其次,采用影响函数法求解PC轧机辊系弹性变形。针对PC轧机辊系上下对辊交叉特性进行了受力分析,综合考虑了工作辊与支承辊间的偏移和辊系水平方向和垂直方向上的受力与变形,建立了辊系弹性变形的力平衡方程、力矩平衡方程、力-位移关系方程和变形协调方程。
然后,建立PC轧机板形板凸度控制模型,对PC轧机板形控制特性进行分析。主要为交叉角与弯辊力分别对轧制力、前张力和有载辊缝的影响。
最后,根据PC轧机轧制的生产工艺特点,兼顾降低交叉角与弯辊力的要求,对某1880热精轧机组第四机架(PC轧机)工作辊辊型曲线进行优化,即在轧制窄、中、宽三种典型板宽产品的情况下,将辊型曲线参数、交叉角和弯辊力作为优化分量,把保证一定比例凸度作为辊型优化目标函数来进行,求出最优辊型曲线。
As the PC rolling mill for improving the shape and controlling the rolling crown has a very significant effect, it is widely used in the hot-rolled and cold- rolled strip. Because of the rolls pair crossed, the rolling process has a greater axial force. In the case of high-speed rolling, rolling mill stability is lower than the regular four-high mill to restrict the strip product quality and rolling production efficiency. In addition, as the existence of roll-bending force speeds up the work roll surface wear and lower the work rolls and the bearing life. Therefore, how to improve service life of the work rolls, effectively reducing the cross-angle and roll-bending force to ensure a good shape, these research for the promotion of the PC mill and the application of PC mill automatic shape control in our country has important theoretical significance and practical value.
Firstly, use difference method to solve the metal plastic deformation. According to the character of the deformation zone on pair cross rolls, which is different from the regular four-high mill. Influences of normal stress and shear stress in rolling direction, width direction and thickness direction are considered. Establish the rolling force calculation model of PC mill. On the rolling force model is validated by the experimental data to prove the accuracy of the model.
Secondly, use influence function method to solve elastic deformation of rolls for PC mill. Considering the force and deformation of the work roll and backup roll and roll offset between them in horizontal and vertical directions, establish the rolls elastic deformation of the roll force and moment balance equation, force -displacement relationship equation and deformation coordination equation.
Then, establish the PC mill shape and crown control model, analyzing the shape control features of the PC mill. It is primarily impact of cross-angle and roll-bending force on the rolling force, the former tension and the gauge distribution.
Finally, according to PC mill characteristics of the production process, taking into account to reduce cross-angle and roll-bending force, taking the roll-type curve parameters, cross-angle and roll-bending force as the variables, to ensure a certain percentage crown as work roll optimization of the objective function, taking a 1880 hot-rolling mill to roll three typical cases of narrow, medium and wide width products, complete the optimization of the fourth frame work roll curve.
首先,采用差分法求解金属塑性变形。结合PC轧机交叉轧制时不同于普通四辊轧机的轧制变形区特性,全面考虑了纵向(轧制方向)、横向(板宽方向)和高向(板厚方向)三个方向上的正应力和剪切应力的综合影响,建立PC轧机轧制力计算模型,并对轧制力模型进行了验证,证明了所建模型的准确性。
其次,采用影响函数法求解PC轧机辊系弹性变形。针对PC轧机辊系上下对辊交叉特性进行了受力分析,综合考虑了工作辊与支承辊间的偏移和辊系水平方向和垂直方向上的受力与变形,建立了辊系弹性变形的力平衡方程、力矩平衡方程、力-位移关系方程和变形协调方程。
然后,建立PC轧机板形板凸度控制模型,对PC轧机板形控制特性进行分析。主要为交叉角与弯辊力分别对轧制力、前张力和有载辊缝的影响。
最后,根据PC轧机轧制的生产工艺特点,兼顾降低交叉角与弯辊力的要求,对某1880热精轧机组第四机架(PC轧机)工作辊辊型曲线进行优化,即在轧制窄、中、宽三种典型板宽产品的情况下,将辊型曲线参数、交叉角和弯辊力作为优化分量,把保证一定比例凸度作为辊型优化目标函数来进行,求出最优辊型曲线。
As the PC rolling mill for improving the shape and controlling the rolling crown has a very significant effect, it is widely used in the hot-rolled and cold- rolled strip. Because of the rolls pair crossed, the rolling process has a greater axial force. In the case of high-speed rolling, rolling mill stability is lower than the regular four-high mill to restrict the strip product quality and rolling production efficiency. In addition, as the existence of roll-bending force speeds up the work roll surface wear and lower the work rolls and the bearing life. Therefore, how to improve service life of the work rolls, effectively reducing the cross-angle and roll-bending force to ensure a good shape, these research for the promotion of the PC mill and the application of PC mill automatic shape control in our country has important theoretical significance and practical value.
Firstly, use difference method to solve the metal plastic deformation. According to the character of the deformation zone on pair cross rolls, which is different from the regular four-high mill. Influences of normal stress and shear stress in rolling direction, width direction and thickness direction are considered. Establish the rolling force calculation model of PC mill. On the rolling force model is validated by the experimental data to prove the accuracy of the model.
Secondly, use influence function method to solve elastic deformation of rolls for PC mill. Considering the force and deformation of the work roll and backup roll and roll offset between them in horizontal and vertical directions, establish the rolls elastic deformation of the roll force and moment balance equation, force -displacement relationship equation and deformation coordination equation.
Then, establish the PC mill shape and crown control model, analyzing the shape control features of the PC mill. It is primarily impact of cross-angle and roll-bending force on the rolling force, the former tension and the gauge distribution.
Finally, according to PC mill characteristics of the production process, taking into account to reduce cross-angle and roll-bending force, taking the roll-type curve parameters, cross-angle and roll-bending force as the variables, to ensure a certain percentage crown as work roll optimization of the objective function, taking a 1880 hot-rolling mill to roll three typical cases of narrow, medium and wide width products, complete the optimization of the fourth frame work roll curve.
引文
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