用测氡技术和激发极化法探测地下多层煤层火区位置和范围的尝试
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摘要
矿井火灾是煤矿五大灾害之一，探测地下火源位置的问题在我国仍然是一项开放性的课题。本文从目前火区探测方法的现状入手，分析了几种主要的探测方法的优缺点，提出任何一种单一的探测方法都有它的限制性。
本文通过对煤层自燃时出现的氡气运移与释放的规律及激发极化效应的探讨，就大宁煤田王村煤矿出现的多层地下火区，采用地面氡气测量与激发极化法相结合的探测手段，确定出地下多层火区的位置与范围，并得到了较好的结果。
本论文所采用的激发极化法确定地下煤层自燃的层位，尚属首次。本文认为：在地形条件复杂的地区采用地面氡气测量与激发极化法相结合的探测手段，确定地下火区的位置与范围是值得研究的，尤其是对激发极化法探测煤层地下火区的研究具有一定的理论
太原理工大学硕士学位论文
和实际意义。
Mine fire is one of five big disasters in coal mine.
The problem of probing underground fire source's position and limit is still an opening task in our country. According to current situation of detecting fire area methods,the author has analysed the advantages and disadvantages of several major detecting methods and thought that any single method all had its limit.
By the discussion on radon migration and release rule which appears when coal bed combusts spontaneously, for example the underground multi-storey fire area which has come in Wangcun coal mine of Daning coalfield, this dissertation has applied the radon measure technique and induced polarization method and determined
the position and limit of underground multi-storey fire area. The result conforming to the reality is gained.
Induced polarization method determining the horizon of underground spontaneously combusting coal bed has been adopted for the first time in our country. The dissertation considers that the detect means of radon measure technique and induced polarization method adopted in the region of complex terrain condition to determine the underground fire area's position and limit is worth studying,especially the research of detecting coal underground fire area has great significance on the theory and practice.
本文通过对煤层自燃时出现的氡气运移与释放的规律及激发极化效应的探讨，就大宁煤田王村煤矿出现的多层地下火区，采用地面氡气测量与激发极化法相结合的探测手段，确定出地下多层火区的位置与范围，并得到了较好的结果。
本论文所采用的激发极化法确定地下煤层自燃的层位，尚属首次。本文认为：在地形条件复杂的地区采用地面氡气测量与激发极化法相结合的探测手段，确定地下火区的位置与范围是值得研究的，尤其是对激发极化法探测煤层地下火区的研究具有一定的理论
太原理工大学硕士学位论文
和实际意义。
Mine fire is one of five big disasters in coal mine.
The problem of probing underground fire source's position and limit is still an opening task in our country. According to current situation of detecting fire area methods,the author has analysed the advantages and disadvantages of several major detecting methods and thought that any single method all had its limit.
By the discussion on radon migration and release rule which appears when coal bed combusts spontaneously, for example the underground multi-storey fire area which has come in Wangcun coal mine of Daning coalfield, this dissertation has applied the radon measure technique and induced polarization method and determined
the position and limit of underground multi-storey fire area. The result conforming to the reality is gained.
Induced polarization method determining the horizon of underground spontaneously combusting coal bed has been adopted for the first time in our country. The dissertation considers that the detect means of radon measure technique and induced polarization method adopted in the region of complex terrain condition to determine the underground fire area's position and limit is worth studying,especially the research of detecting coal underground fire area has great significance on the theory and practice.
引文
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[22]Varhegyi, A., etal., Ecperimental study of radon transport in water as test for a transportation microbubble model, Journal of applied geophysics, Vol.29, 1992
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[24]韩学辉，低温控制条件下低射气介质中氡释放规律的实验研究，太原理工大学硕士学位论文，2000．5
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[29]常桂兰，氡与氡的危害，铀矿地质，Vol.18，No.2，Mar．2002
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[34]李金铭，电法勘探方法发展概况，物探与化探，Aug．1996 Vol.20，No.4
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[42]苟全录，氡及其子体测量方法简介，辐射防护通讯，Vol.14 No.6 1994
[43]Shimo M.A Flow-Type Ionization Chamber for Measuring Radon Concentration in the Atmospheric Air, in Armospheric Radon Familiers and Environmental Radioactivity. OkadaSed. Atomic Ennergys Society of Japan Tokyo, 1985, 37-42
[44]Michikuni, Shmo., etal., Inercomparison of Different Instruments that Meansure Radon Concentration in Air, In: Radon and it Decay Products Occurrence, Properties and Health Effects, Edited by Philip K.Hope, 1987, 160-171.
[45]Lucas H F., The Review of Scientific Instruments, 1957. 28: 680.
[46]Thonas J W, etal. A study of the two-filter Method for Radon-222, HealthPhys., 1970, 11: 113
[47]陈志恒等，气球法测定氡浓度的一般公式，复旦大学学报，1982．21：3．
[48]Henry B, Spity etal. Diurnal Variation of the Radon-222 Concentration in Residential Structures in Grand Junction. Coleradon, USAEC HASL-287.
[49]Alter H W, et al. Passive Integration Radon Moniter for Environmental Monitoring. Health Phys., 1981. 40: 693
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[69]刘洪福、程小平、白春明，测氡技术在探测地下火区范围的应用，物探与化探，Vol.21，No.1，Feb.1997
[2]戚颖敏，我国煤矿火灾防治技术的现代发展与应用，煤，Vol.8，No.2，1999
[3]程卫民、陈平、崔洪义等，矿井煤炭自燃高温火源点区域的探测实践，煤炭科学技术，Vol.27，No.11，Nov.1999
[4]祁明星、万兆昌，陕北煤田火区磁探工作方法及效果，物探与化探，No.8，1987
[5]煤炭科学研究总院抚顺分院情报室，利用磁感应及远距离测定作出煤层火灾区域地图，国外煤矿安全信息，No.7，1996
[6]N．B．潘菲若娃，确定矿体内因火灾的中心位置，国外煤矿安全信息，No.6，1995
[7]煤炭科学研究总院抚顺分院情报室，探寻煤炭自燃位置的方法．国外煤矿安全信息，No.1，1996
[8]罗的光，红外遥感探测井下煤体自燃的研究，广西煤炭，No.4，1993
[9]崔承禹、支毅乔、张晋开等，红外遥感用于地震预报的基础实验研究，见：遥感科学新进展，北京：科学出版社，1995
[10]石显鑫、李华，探测煤田自燃火区方法综述，陕西煤炭技术，No.2，1998
[11]王连成、高克德，地质雷达探测采空区隐蔽火源，煤炭科学技术，Vol.26，No.2，Feb．1998
[12]戴广龙，双元示踪技术探测煤炭自燃火源的研究，西安矿业学院学报，Vol.16 No.3 Sep．1996
[13]康高峰、雷学武、吴军虎等，TM图像在新疆奇台北山煤田火区动态监测中的应用，国土资源遥感，No.2 Jun．1996
[14]余明高、岳超平，采空区火源位置探测技术现状及发展方向，中国安全科学学报，Vol.8，No.5，Oct. 1998
[15]刘鸿福，氡及其子体运移的实验研究与机理探讨，成都理工学院博士学位论文，1997．5
[16]А．Н．苏尔坦霍贾耶夫，В．Г蒂明斯基，А．И．斯皮里顿诺夫，放射性气体在研究地质过程中的应用，蔡祖煌，石慧馨译，北京：地震出版社，1983
[17]J.E.Gingrich, Randon as a geochemical exploration tool, Joural of Geochemcial Exploration, Vol.21, 19-13, 1984
[18]О．Б．НеЩеткин，马占中译，氡迁移的机制问题，国外铀矿地质，No.2 42-43，1987
[19]G. M. Reimer, Reconnaissance Techniques for Determining Soil-gas Radon Concentrations: an Example from Prince Georges Country, Maryland, Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 17, No.6, 809-812, May 1990
[20]Lennart Malmqvist, Mats Isaksson and Krister Kristiansson, Radon Migration through Soil and Bedrock, Geoexplortion, 26(1989) 135-144
[21]S.lombardi, G.M.Reimer, Radon and Helium in Soil Geses in The Phlegraean Fields, Central Italy, Geophysical Research Letters, Vol.17, No.6, 652-849 May 1990
[22]Varhegyi, A., etal., Ecperimental study of radon transport in water as test for a transportation microbubble model, Journal of applied geophysics, Vol.29, 1992
[23]贾文懿、方方、周蓉生等，氡及其子体向上运移的内因与团簇现象，成都理工学院学报，Vol.26，No.2，Apr. 1999
[24]韩学辉，低温控制条件下低射气介质中氡释放规律的实验研究，太原理工大学硕士学位论文，2000．5
[25]贾文懿、方方、周蓉生等，氡释放的实验研究和机理探讨，成都理工学院学报，Vol.29，No.1，Feb. 1999
[26]Stranden E etal., The influence of moisture and temperature on radon exhalation, Radia.Prot.Dosim., 1984.7(1-4):55-58
[27]Strong K P and Levins D M. Effect of moisture content on radon emanation from uranium ore ane tailing., Healyh Phys., 1982.42(1):27-32
[28]刘洪福、白春明、舒祥泽等，用测氡技术探测煤矿地下火区的研究，煤炭学报，Vol.22，No.4，Aug．1997
[29]常桂兰，氡与氡的危害，铀矿地质，Vol.18，No.2，Mar．2002
[30]杨超群，氡的危害、防治和利用，矿物岩石地球化学通报，Vol.15，No.4，Oct.1996
[31]王燮华，环境氡的来源及其危害与治理，国外医学·放射医学核医学分册，1999 Vol.23 No.3
[32]UNSCEAR, Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation. UNSCEAR 1993 Report. New York: U-nited Nations, 1993
[33]李素云，有关氡及其子体照射的问题，辐射防护通讯，Feb. 1998 Vol.18 No.1
[34]李金铭，电法勘探方法发展概况，物探与化探，Aug．1996 Vol.20，No.4
[35]吴其斌、崔霖沛，国外勘查地球物理的若干进展—1996年，物探与化探，Vol.22，No.1，Feb．1998
[36]贾文懿、唐红、方方、苗放、葛君伟，放射性勘查工作手册，地质出版社，1993
[37][苏]A．A．奥吉尔维著，周镭庭译，地球物理探测方法，中国工业出版社，1965
[38]顾功叙编著，地球物理勘探基础，地质出版社，1990．7
[39]曼继堂，激发极化法在找水工作中的应用，化工矿产地质，Vol.18，No.3，Jul．1996
[40]丁绪荣主编，普通物探教程—电法及放射性，地质出版社，1984．9
[41]赵河山、刘炳根，激发极化法找水机制的试验与研究，山西水利科技，Vol.24，No.2，May 1994
[42]苟全录，氡及其子体测量方法简介，辐射防护通讯，Vol.14 No.6 1994
[43]Shimo M.A Flow-Type Ionization Chamber for Measuring Radon Concentration in the Atmospheric Air, in Armospheric Radon Familiers and Environmental Radioactivity. OkadaSed. Atomic Ennergys Society of Japan Tokyo, 1985, 37-42
[44]Michikuni, Shmo., etal., Inercomparison of Different Instruments that Meansure Radon Concentration in Air, In: Radon and it Decay Products Occurrence, Properties and Health Effects, Edited by Philip K.Hope, 1987, 160-171.
[45]Lucas H F., The Review of Scientific Instruments, 1957. 28: 680.
[46]Thonas J W, etal. A study of the two-filter Method for Radon-222, HealthPhys., 1970, 11: 113
[47]陈志恒等，气球法测定氡浓度的一般公式，复旦大学学报，1982．21：3．
[48]Henry B, Spity etal. Diurnal Variation of the Radon-222 Concentration in Residential Structures in Grand Junction. Coleradon, USAEC HASL-287.
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