煤矿矿井水回用处理工程设计
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摘要
在我国,煤矿水资源短缺已经是普遍存在的现象,尤其是北方部分煤矿严重缺水。缺水不仅制约了矿区经济的可持续发展,同时也给矿区职工的日常生活带来诸多不便。然而,在采煤过程中排出大量的矿井水,据统计,近几年我国煤矿矿井水年排放量大约42亿m3,而处理利用率还不到30%。大量矿井水未经处理而直接排放,不仅会对矿区周围的环境造成污染和生态破坏,同时也是对水资源的极大浪费。因此,矿井水的处理和综合利用不仅可以减少对周边环境的污染和破坏,还能创造可观的经济效益,是解决煤矿水资源问题的最佳方案,既有很好的环境和社会效益,又有巨大的经济效益。
本文是矿井水回用处理工程设计,设计处理规模为1200m3/d,结合同类矿井水水质,确定了设计进水水质。
根据进水水质及出水要求,结合国内外常用的矿井水处理工艺,经过对常用工艺方案对比,最终确定了以常规的物理化学法为主的污水处理工艺和重力浓缩、脱水的污泥处理处置方案。
处理出水一部分回用于井下洒水,剩余部分达标排放。回用执行《煤炭工业矿井设计规范》(GB50215—2005)井下消防洒水用水标准,排放执行《煤炭工业污染物排放标准》(GB 20426—2006)。
本文对各污水、污泥处理设备进行了比选。对污水、污泥处理构筑物、辅助建筑物进行了工艺、结构、建筑、电气,自动控制、总图等各专业设计,绘制了工艺图,并进行了运行成本分析和工程投资估算。
该工艺具有运行稳定、技术先进、自动化程度高、易于操作、管理方便、投资小、运行费用低等优点,具有重要的实践意义和推广价值。
Water shortages in colliery is already a general phenomenon in China, especially in the northern colliery.Lacking water not only has restricted the sustainable development of economy in the colliery, but also has influenced coal miner's daily life. A great quantity of coal mine drainage is discharged with the coal mining. According to statistics, emissions of coal mine drainage is about 42 hundred million cubic meters one year,in China, in recent years, however, the recovery and utilization rate of it is less than thirty percent. Discharged of untreated mine drainage has polluted the environment and broken the ecological balance around the mining areas, meanwhile, has lead to a shocking waste of water. According to these problems, treatment and utilization of coal mine drainage, which on the one hand, can decrease environment damage and pollution, on the other hand, can bring us great economic returns is thought to be the best choice to solve the problem of water shortage in coal mine. Therefore, treatment and utilization of coal mine drainage achieve both environmental benefits social benefits and much huge economic efficiency.
The design scale of this project is 1200m3/d. The influent parameter was determined depend upon the similar water quality index.
A conventional sewage treatment process which is basically about physical method and chemical methods and a sludge treatment process, disposal project was selected at last by learning, analysing and comparing common mine water treatment process at home and abroad and combining with the wastewater quality and extraction requirements.
A part of the effluent is reused for pouring under the shaft in coal mine and the rest part is drained. Reuse water carry out the Code for the colliery design of coal mining industry fire protection and watering dust prevention standards under the shaft of (GB50215—2005). discharge water meet the Emission standard for pollutants from coal industry emission standards of (GB 20426—2006)
Comparison and selection of sewage and sludge treatment process equipment was discussed. An outline of them also was given in this paper. Process, structural, architectural, electrical, automatic control and general layout for sewage and sludge treatment structures and accessory building was designed. Main process diagram was drawn too. Project investment estimation and operation cost analysis were discussed in the paper.
This treatment procedures has a lot of advantage such as:stable operation, advanced technology, automation degree high, simple operation, simple to administer, less in vestment, lower operation cost, As a consequence this technology have great value in both theory and utility, and can be used in treating the same kind of water.
本文是矿井水回用处理工程设计,设计处理规模为1200m3/d,结合同类矿井水水质,确定了设计进水水质。
根据进水水质及出水要求,结合国内外常用的矿井水处理工艺,经过对常用工艺方案对比,最终确定了以常规的物理化学法为主的污水处理工艺和重力浓缩、脱水的污泥处理处置方案。
处理出水一部分回用于井下洒水,剩余部分达标排放。回用执行《煤炭工业矿井设计规范》(GB50215—2005)井下消防洒水用水标准,排放执行《煤炭工业污染物排放标准》(GB 20426—2006)。
本文对各污水、污泥处理设备进行了比选。对污水、污泥处理构筑物、辅助建筑物进行了工艺、结构、建筑、电气,自动控制、总图等各专业设计,绘制了工艺图,并进行了运行成本分析和工程投资估算。
该工艺具有运行稳定、技术先进、自动化程度高、易于操作、管理方便、投资小、运行费用低等优点,具有重要的实践意义和推广价值。
Water shortages in colliery is already a general phenomenon in China, especially in the northern colliery.Lacking water not only has restricted the sustainable development of economy in the colliery, but also has influenced coal miner's daily life. A great quantity of coal mine drainage is discharged with the coal mining. According to statistics, emissions of coal mine drainage is about 42 hundred million cubic meters one year,in China, in recent years, however, the recovery and utilization rate of it is less than thirty percent. Discharged of untreated mine drainage has polluted the environment and broken the ecological balance around the mining areas, meanwhile, has lead to a shocking waste of water. According to these problems, treatment and utilization of coal mine drainage, which on the one hand, can decrease environment damage and pollution, on the other hand, can bring us great economic returns is thought to be the best choice to solve the problem of water shortage in coal mine. Therefore, treatment and utilization of coal mine drainage achieve both environmental benefits social benefits and much huge economic efficiency.
The design scale of this project is 1200m3/d. The influent parameter was determined depend upon the similar water quality index.
A conventional sewage treatment process which is basically about physical method and chemical methods and a sludge treatment process, disposal project was selected at last by learning, analysing and comparing common mine water treatment process at home and abroad and combining with the wastewater quality and extraction requirements.
A part of the effluent is reused for pouring under the shaft in coal mine and the rest part is drained. Reuse water carry out the Code for the colliery design of coal mining industry fire protection and watering dust prevention standards under the shaft of (GB50215—2005). discharge water meet the Emission standard for pollutants from coal industry emission standards of (GB 20426—2006)
Comparison and selection of sewage and sludge treatment process equipment was discussed. An outline of them also was given in this paper. Process, structural, architectural, electrical, automatic control and general layout for sewage and sludge treatment structures and accessory building was designed. Main process diagram was drawn too. Project investment estimation and operation cost analysis were discussed in the paper.
This treatment procedures has a lot of advantage such as:stable operation, advanced technology, automation degree high, simple operation, simple to administer, less in vestment, lower operation cost, As a consequence this technology have great value in both theory and utility, and can be used in treating the same kind of water.
引文
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[3]何绪文,肖宝清,王平.废水处理与矿井水资源化[M].北京,煤炭工业出版社,2002,26.
[4]王平.国内煤矿矿井水处理技术研究现状[J].同煤科技,2008,(115)：4.
[5]苑志华,桂和荣,章刚等.改性粉煤灰和高铁酸钾联合处理矿井水的研究[J].环境工程学热报,2010,4(1)：76.
[6]田采霞,宋晓梅,郭保华.论我国煤矿环境问题及对策[J].矿业安全与环保,2004,31(2)：45-48.
[7]高亮,周如禄,徐楚良,黄祖琦.煤种与煤矿矿井水水质特性之间的相关性探讨[J].山西焦煤科技,2004,18(6)：46-47.
[8]徐永艳.平顶山矿区煤矿矿井水资源化研究[D].河南：河南理工大学,2009,5
[9]郭中权,王守龙,朱留生.煤矿矿井水处理利用实用技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2008,36(7)：3-5.
[10]赵志健,王大勇.我国煤矿环境污染及治理[J].山西煤炭,2002,22(3)：58-62.
[11]孙立勤.酸性矿井水的危害及防治[J].煤炭技术,2007,26(12)：53-54.
[12]王文,桂祥友,宁德志.矿区水体污染与防治[J].矿业安全与环保,2001,28(5)：48.
[13]武建军,王健行,李日强.特殊污染矿井水处理研究进展[J].科技情报开发与经济,2010,20(27)：177-183.
[14]陈海峰.高氟矿井水处理的探讨[J].煤矿环境保护,1995,9(2)：38-41.
[15]于华通,陈明,谭科艳,等.用赤泥去除酸性矿井水中重金属污染物的初步研究[J].岩矿测试,2006,25(1)：45-48.
[16]屈文秀.含放射性矿井水的净化处理与利用[J].煤矿环境保护,1994,8(4)：37.
[17]谷明川.树脂吸附去除煤矿水中放射性铀的实验研究[J]能源环境保护,2008,22(2)：26-32.
[18]申宝宏.采矿工程灾害与环境损伤领域的基础理论问题[J].矿业安全与环保,2000,27(4)：33-34.
[19]杨正全,李晓丹,高波.矿山废水污染与防治[J].辽宁工程技术大学学 报,2002,21(4)：523-524.
[20]戴树桂.环境化学[M].高等教育出版社,北京,2006,12：390.
[21]Lesley C.Batty,Paul I.Younger.The Use of waste materials in the passive remediation of mine water polution[J].Surveys in Geophysics,2000,25:55-67.
[22]A.S.Sheoran,V.Sheoran.Heavy removal mechanism of mine drainage in wetlands[J].Minerals Engineering,2006,19:105-116.
[23]K.R.,Waybtant,D.W.Blowse.Treatment of mine drainage using permeable reactive barriers:column experiments[J].Environ.Sci.Teehnol,2002,36:1733-2356.
[24]Hedin, RS:Watzlaf, GR:Nairn, RW.Passive treatment of acid mine drainage with limestone[J] Journal of Environmental Quality,1994,23(6):13-15.
[25]Brodie.G.A.etal.Anoxic limeston drains to enhance performance of aerobic acid drainaget reatment wetlands[J].Environmental pllution,1999,7:115-122.
[26]袁存忠,陈锦如.水资源与矿井水处理利用[J].合肥工业大学学报,2000,23：927-933.
[27]徐建文,于东阳,孙康.我国煤矿矿井水的资源化利用探讨[J].江西煤炭科技,2010,(5)：92-94.
[28]李林.山西左云县鹊儿山煤矿矿井水回用技术的研究[D]山西：太原理工大学,2008.
[29]何绪文,肖宝清,王平.废水处理与矿井水资源化[M].北京,煤炭工业出版社,2002,170-177.
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