宽带数据链抗干扰传输技术研究
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摘要
本文涉及的宽带数据链需要在复杂的物理环境和恶劣的电磁环境下进行高速率、大容量信息传输,信息速率高到100Mbps以上,这样的应用需求对抗干扰通信体制提出了有别于传统军事通信抗干扰的新考验。本文的主要工作是探索当前宽带无线通信的两种主要支撑技术——正交频分复用(OFDM)和单载波频域均衡(SC-FDE)在宽带数据链中的应用,研究其在数据链无线信道环境及各种敌方人为干扰样式下的抗干扰性能,并结合信道编码、信道估计等抗干扰技术开展综合研究,采用比较研究的方法,为后续原理样机研制的体制选择提供理论参考。
首先简单分析了宽带数据链在低仰角应用状态下空地无线链路特性,指出宽带数据链信道是一个严重的频率选择性衰落信道,同时呈现非时间选择性衰落特性,在此基础上建立起适用于宽带数据链的多径衰落信道模型——三径信道模型。
本文建立了完整的OFDM和SC-FDE的仿真系统以对两种体制的抗干扰性能作比较研究。为建立这个系统,第三章中较为全面地介绍了两种技术的基本原理、数学模型及其关键技术——信道估计与均衡,为后文的仿真提供可靠的理论保证。
第四章、第五章是本文的工作重点,通过具体理论分析和仿真验证相结合的方法,研究OFDM和SC-FDE系统在本文建立的三径信道模型下的性能,及采用信道均衡,信道编码技术后的性能改善;研究OFDM和SC-FDE系统在宽带噪声干扰、部分频带干扰、噪声脉冲干扰和音频干扰样式下的误码性能,及抗干扰技术。研究结果表明:(1)OFDM系统必须使用纠错编码技术才能满足宽带数据链应用需求,而SC-FDE可以不用编码就能对抗频率选择性衰落,但SC-FDE系统对信道估计精度敏感;(2)部分频带干扰、噪声脉冲干扰、音频干扰都能使OFDM系统性能恶化到信噪比与误码率呈反线性关系,其中最佳多音干扰对OFDM的损伤最大,只有噪声脉冲干扰对SC-FDE系统能起到最佳干扰效果,纠错编码对受干扰系统性能都有显著的改善。最后总结得出:SC-FDE系统更适合宽带数据链这种不对称通信系统的结论,为原理样机研制选择SC-FDE调制解调体制提供了有力的理论论证。
The broadband data link discussed in this thesis is developed for high-speed, highly efficient, and highly reliable transmission of information in such a complex interference environment, including multipath interference and all kinds of enemy interferences. The transmission rate is even more than 100Mbps. It poses new challenges for the anti-Jamming communication system, which is different from the traditional one. This thesis investigates the effectiveness of OFDM as a modulation technique for broadband data link, with a SC-FDE comparison. The main aim is to assess their suitability on three-ray multipath environment and the ant jamming performances are also analyzed. Comparative method is used.
This thesis firstly analyzes the characteristics of wireless channel for broadband data link in brief, and points out that the wideband wireless channel is a frequency selective channel with deep fading. A three-ray multipath channel model is proposed. Then, after simple introduction of the basic principles of OFDM and SC-FDE, a whole simulation platform is constructed.
ChapterⅣand chapterⅤfocus on the performance analysis of OFDM and SC-FDE. The analytical derivation of the Ber performance is derived and the results are compared with simulated results, which prove that the derivation is valid. In chapterⅣ, the performance of anti-multipath interference is reached. In chapterⅤ, the ant jamming performance of OFDM with various jamming types is analyzed, and the performance with equalization and coding are also given. The results show that: (1) In the absence of channel coding, SC-FDE substantially outperforms OFDM signaling. But the former technique suffers from strong sensitivity to channel estimation accuracy. (2) Partial-band jamming, pulse jamming and multitone jamming can maximize the error probability of OFDM system, and multitone jamming gives the most serious performance deterioration. For the SC-FDE system, only pulse jamming can does. Coding and interleaving can significantly improve their performance. Finally, the following conclusion is drawn: SC-FDE is more suitable for broadband data link, which is an asymmetric communication system.
首先简单分析了宽带数据链在低仰角应用状态下空地无线链路特性,指出宽带数据链信道是一个严重的频率选择性衰落信道,同时呈现非时间选择性衰落特性,在此基础上建立起适用于宽带数据链的多径衰落信道模型——三径信道模型。
本文建立了完整的OFDM和SC-FDE的仿真系统以对两种体制的抗干扰性能作比较研究。为建立这个系统,第三章中较为全面地介绍了两种技术的基本原理、数学模型及其关键技术——信道估计与均衡,为后文的仿真提供可靠的理论保证。
第四章、第五章是本文的工作重点,通过具体理论分析和仿真验证相结合的方法,研究OFDM和SC-FDE系统在本文建立的三径信道模型下的性能,及采用信道均衡,信道编码技术后的性能改善;研究OFDM和SC-FDE系统在宽带噪声干扰、部分频带干扰、噪声脉冲干扰和音频干扰样式下的误码性能,及抗干扰技术。研究结果表明:(1)OFDM系统必须使用纠错编码技术才能满足宽带数据链应用需求,而SC-FDE可以不用编码就能对抗频率选择性衰落,但SC-FDE系统对信道估计精度敏感;(2)部分频带干扰、噪声脉冲干扰、音频干扰都能使OFDM系统性能恶化到信噪比与误码率呈反线性关系,其中最佳多音干扰对OFDM的损伤最大,只有噪声脉冲干扰对SC-FDE系统能起到最佳干扰效果,纠错编码对受干扰系统性能都有显著的改善。最后总结得出:SC-FDE系统更适合宽带数据链这种不对称通信系统的结论,为原理样机研制选择SC-FDE调制解调体制提供了有力的理论论证。
The broadband data link discussed in this thesis is developed for high-speed, highly efficient, and highly reliable transmission of information in such a complex interference environment, including multipath interference and all kinds of enemy interferences. The transmission rate is even more than 100Mbps. It poses new challenges for the anti-Jamming communication system, which is different from the traditional one. This thesis investigates the effectiveness of OFDM as a modulation technique for broadband data link, with a SC-FDE comparison. The main aim is to assess their suitability on three-ray multipath environment and the ant jamming performances are also analyzed. Comparative method is used.
This thesis firstly analyzes the characteristics of wireless channel for broadband data link in brief, and points out that the wideband wireless channel is a frequency selective channel with deep fading. A three-ray multipath channel model is proposed. Then, after simple introduction of the basic principles of OFDM and SC-FDE, a whole simulation platform is constructed.
ChapterⅣand chapterⅤfocus on the performance analysis of OFDM and SC-FDE. The analytical derivation of the Ber performance is derived and the results are compared with simulated results, which prove that the derivation is valid. In chapterⅣ, the performance of anti-multipath interference is reached. In chapterⅤ, the ant jamming performance of OFDM with various jamming types is analyzed, and the performance with equalization and coding are also given. The results show that: (1) In the absence of channel coding, SC-FDE substantially outperforms OFDM signaling. But the former technique suffers from strong sensitivity to channel estimation accuracy. (2) Partial-band jamming, pulse jamming and multitone jamming can maximize the error probability of OFDM system, and multitone jamming gives the most serious performance deterioration. For the SC-FDE system, only pulse jamming can does. Coding and interleaving can significantly improve their performance. Finally, the following conclusion is drawn: SC-FDE is more suitable for broadband data link, which is an asymmetric communication system.
引文
[1]孙义明,杨丽萍.信息化战争中的数据链.北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2005
[2]梁德文.美军情报侦察数据链发展研究.内部资料
[3]卢建川,梁德文.外军航空数据链扫描.中国空军,2007,(2):68-70
[4]陶伟.海军数据链抗干扰体制探讨.2005军事通信抗干扰研讨会论文集(上),2005,244-250
[5]美军战术数据链现状与最新发展.http://www.aeroinfo.com.cn/news
[6] T.F.Brukiewa, M.Jenabi, K.Payne. Demostratiomn of an X/Ku Band Multi-Link Antanna System for CDL. IEEE, 2003, 417-422
[7] Maj.Paul J Simonich ASC/RAJD.Multi Platform Common Data Link(MP-CDL): A Building Block for High Data Rate Network Centric Air-Air-Air-Surface,and Air-Space Connectivity.2006,FOUO
[8] Richard A.Poisel,陈鼎鼎等译,杨小牛审校.现代通信干扰原理与技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2005,225-249
[9]通信抗干扰技术.2006,http://dangyuanbo.bokee.com
[10]尹长川,罗涛等.多载波宽带无线通信技术.北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2004
[11]谢益溪.电波传播——超短波微波毫米波.北京:电子工业出版社,1990,241
[12]杨大成.移动传播环境-理论基础.分析方法和建模技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2003,156-167
[13]康建,王宇飞.中国Ka波段卫星通信线路的雨衰分布特性.通信学报,2006,27(8):78-81
[14] S. Loyka,A.Kouki.Using Two Ray Multipath Model for Microwave Link Budget Analysis.IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine,2001,43(5):31-36
[15]龚志红,陈宏伟,樊昊.空基型导弹图像传输信道模型研究.航空兵器,2006,(6):13-17
[16]佟学俭,罗涛.OFDM移动通信原理与应用.北京:人民邮电出版社,2003,234-246
[17]金石,张晓林等.无人机通信信道的统计模型.航空学报,2004,25(1):62-65
[18] Erik Haas.Aeronautial Channel Modeling.IEEE transaction on vehicular technology,2002,51(2):254-264
[19]荀彦新.无线电抗干扰通信原理及应用.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2005,222-224
[20] D.Falconer,S.L.Ariyavisitakul.Frequency Domain Equalization for Single-Carrier Broadband Wireless Systems.White paper,2002
[21] D.Falconer,S.L.Ariyavisitakul.Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems.Communicafions Magazine,IEEE,2002,(40):58-66
[22]宫良.基于最优信号子空间的自适应OTDM系统的研究:[硕士学位论文].山东:山东大学,2006
[23]王新征.OFDM与SC-FDE的信道估计与均衡:[硕士学位论文].山东:山东大学,2005
[24]李剑飞.自适应SC_FDE系统及其信道估计:[硕士学位论文].山东:山东大学,2006
[25]刘谦雷,杨绿溪.单载波频域均衡与多载波OFDM误码性能的理论比较.电子与信息学报,2005,27(3):411-414
[26] Gusmao A,Dinis R,Conceicao J,et al.Comparison of Two Modulation Choices for Broadband Wireless Communications.IEEE VTC2000:1300-1305
[27]陈少平,姚天任.循环保护前缀不足的OFDM通信系统的频域均衡.计算机工程与应用,2003,(18):31-33
[28] Robert J.Achatz.modeling and simulation of a OFDM radio link.IEEEwireless communication conference,1997,234-239
[29] John G. Proakis.通信系统工程.北京:电子工业出版社,2002,586-587
[30]单超王娜,王萍.OFDM系统的抗干扰性能研究.系统仿真学报,2006,18(6):1618-1622
[31] IEEE Std 802.11a-1999, Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications, High-speed Physical Layer in the 5GHz Band
[32] IEEE Std802.16-2004: "Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems".
[2]梁德文.美军情报侦察数据链发展研究.内部资料
[3]卢建川,梁德文.外军航空数据链扫描.中国空军,2007,(2):68-70
[4]陶伟.海军数据链抗干扰体制探讨.2005军事通信抗干扰研讨会论文集(上),2005,244-250
[5]美军战术数据链现状与最新发展.http://www.aeroinfo.com.cn/news
[6] T.F.Brukiewa, M.Jenabi, K.Payne. Demostratiomn of an X/Ku Band Multi-Link Antanna System for CDL. IEEE, 2003, 417-422
[7] Maj.Paul J Simonich ASC/RAJD.Multi Platform Common Data Link(MP-CDL): A Building Block for High Data Rate Network Centric Air-Air-Air-Surface,and Air-Space Connectivity.2006,FOUO
[8] Richard A.Poisel,陈鼎鼎等译,杨小牛审校.现代通信干扰原理与技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2005,225-249
[9]通信抗干扰技术.2006,http://dangyuanbo.bokee.com
[10]尹长川,罗涛等.多载波宽带无线通信技术.北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2004
[11]谢益溪.电波传播——超短波微波毫米波.北京:电子工业出版社,1990,241
[12]杨大成.移动传播环境-理论基础.分析方法和建模技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2003,156-167
[13]康建,王宇飞.中国Ka波段卫星通信线路的雨衰分布特性.通信学报,2006,27(8):78-81
[14] S. Loyka,A.Kouki.Using Two Ray Multipath Model for Microwave Link Budget Analysis.IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine,2001,43(5):31-36
[15]龚志红,陈宏伟,樊昊.空基型导弹图像传输信道模型研究.航空兵器,2006,(6):13-17
[16]佟学俭,罗涛.OFDM移动通信原理与应用.北京:人民邮电出版社,2003,234-246
[17]金石,张晓林等.无人机通信信道的统计模型.航空学报,2004,25(1):62-65
[18] Erik Haas.Aeronautial Channel Modeling.IEEE transaction on vehicular technology,2002,51(2):254-264
[19]荀彦新.无线电抗干扰通信原理及应用.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2005,222-224
[20] D.Falconer,S.L.Ariyavisitakul.Frequency Domain Equalization for Single-Carrier Broadband Wireless Systems.White paper,2002
[21] D.Falconer,S.L.Ariyavisitakul.Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems.Communicafions Magazine,IEEE,2002,(40):58-66
[22]宫良.基于最优信号子空间的自适应OTDM系统的研究:[硕士学位论文].山东:山东大学,2006
[23]王新征.OFDM与SC-FDE的信道估计与均衡:[硕士学位论文].山东:山东大学,2005
[24]李剑飞.自适应SC_FDE系统及其信道估计:[硕士学位论文].山东:山东大学,2006
[25]刘谦雷,杨绿溪.单载波频域均衡与多载波OFDM误码性能的理论比较.电子与信息学报,2005,27(3):411-414
[26] Gusmao A,Dinis R,Conceicao J,et al.Comparison of Two Modulation Choices for Broadband Wireless Communications.IEEE VTC2000:1300-1305
[27]陈少平,姚天任.循环保护前缀不足的OFDM通信系统的频域均衡.计算机工程与应用,2003,(18):31-33
[28] Robert J.Achatz.modeling and simulation of a OFDM radio link.IEEEwireless communication conference,1997,234-239
[29] John G. Proakis.通信系统工程.北京:电子工业出版社,2002,586-587
[30]单超王娜,王萍.OFDM系统的抗干扰性能研究.系统仿真学报,2006,18(6):1618-1622
[31] IEEE Std 802.11a-1999, Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications, High-speed Physical Layer in the 5GHz Band
[32] IEEE Std802.16-2004: "Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems".