一种多功能汽车行车监控装置的硬件系统研究
摘要
为缓解日益增加的交通压力,提高汽车安全性能,出现了各种基于嵌入式计算机、通信、传感器等技术的汽车监控产品,大大提高了行车安全和减轻了道路压力,但目前国内汽车监控装置普遍存在功能单一、性能较弱等缺点。本文基于MIPS架构的32位嵌入式Au1250处理器,开发了一种多功能的汽车行车监控装置的硬件系统。
本文首先简要介绍了汽车行车监控装置的研究背景、研究目的以及国内外的研究动态,分析了相关技术后对系统存在的问题进行了研究,并对行车监控装置硬件系统平台的功能需求做出了分析。提出了一种多功能汽车行车监控装置硬件系统的设计方案。该方案以基于GPS/GPRS的导航监控调度功能为主,利用高性能的Au1250处理器自身处理视频数据的优势扩展出行车图像监控功能,并在Au1250丰富的接口上扩展出CAN、LIN等总线接口以监控汽车各个电控单元。
然后针对上文中得到的汽车行车监控的需求,对硬件系统的各个功能模块进行详细设计,在详细设计过程中,围绕Au1250嵌入式处理器设计其各个外围功能模块。主要包括主控制器模块、无线扩展通信模块、汽车总线监控模块、行车图像采集监控模块、外部存储模块、人机接口模块、系统调试模块、系统电源模块等的详细设计。
之后针对汽车行车的恶劣环境进行了行车监控装置的工程实现,行车监控装置作为高速电路,会受到各种各样的干扰和自身干扰。在分析了行车环境中的电磁干扰后,在保证电磁兼容和信号完整性的情况下对行车监控装置的PCB部分进行了布局布线和抗干扰设计。
最后基于以上设计,对主要模块的实际电路进行了调试和分析。系统调试和测试结果证明,汽车行车监控装置硬件系统各个功能模块工作正常,满足功能需求,并且运行稳定、可靠性高,实现了论文目标。
To alleviate the increasing traffic pressure and improve the vehicle safety performance, various of vehicle monitoring products are emerged,which based on embedded computers,communications,sensors and other technologies,to improved traffic safety and alleviate the pressure on road greatly.But the shortcomings of weak performance,single function were widely spreaded in vehicle monitoring device in domestic.This paper developed the hardware system of a kind of multifunctional vehicles traffic monitoring device which based on the MIPS architecture 32-bit embedded processor Au1250.
This paper briefly introduced the research background,research purposes and research state in domestic and abroad of the vehicles traffic monitoring device firstly.Studying these problems of the system after analysis of the relevant technology.Analyzing the functional requirements of the traffic monitoring device hardware platform.Take out a schematic design of the hardware system of multifunctional vehicles traffic monitoring device,the main function of which is navigation monitoring based on GPS/GPRS,expanding the traffic images monitoring function by the advanced video processing in Au1250 processor,and expanding each bus interface such as CAN/LIN to monitoring each ECU of the vehicle.
Then have the detailed design to various functional modules of the hardware system for the demand of the vehicles traffic monitoring. Each periphery functional module are designed by surrounding the embedded processor Au1250 during the detailed design process.The detailed design mainly include main controller,wireless data transceiver module,vehicles-bus monitor module,image monitoring module,the man-computer interface unit,run&debug modular,power source.
Later this paper have the engineering realization of the vehicles traffic monitoring device under the difficult circumstances of the vehicle traffic.The vehicles traffic monitoring device will get each kind of interference and self-interference as high speed circuits.After analyzing the electromagnetic interference in traffic environment,have the the PCB-layout design and Anti-Interference while in case of ensure electromagnetic compatibility and signal integrity.
At last,based on the designings above,get the main module of the actual circuit debugging and analysis.System debug and test results prove that,vehicle traffic monitoring device hardware system work properly in all functional modules to meet the functional requirements,stable operation and high reliability and reach the target of the paper.
本文首先简要介绍了汽车行车监控装置的研究背景、研究目的以及国内外的研究动态,分析了相关技术后对系统存在的问题进行了研究,并对行车监控装置硬件系统平台的功能需求做出了分析。提出了一种多功能汽车行车监控装置硬件系统的设计方案。该方案以基于GPS/GPRS的导航监控调度功能为主,利用高性能的Au1250处理器自身处理视频数据的优势扩展出行车图像监控功能,并在Au1250丰富的接口上扩展出CAN、LIN等总线接口以监控汽车各个电控单元。
然后针对上文中得到的汽车行车监控的需求,对硬件系统的各个功能模块进行详细设计,在详细设计过程中,围绕Au1250嵌入式处理器设计其各个外围功能模块。主要包括主控制器模块、无线扩展通信模块、汽车总线监控模块、行车图像采集监控模块、外部存储模块、人机接口模块、系统调试模块、系统电源模块等的详细设计。
之后针对汽车行车的恶劣环境进行了行车监控装置的工程实现,行车监控装置作为高速电路,会受到各种各样的干扰和自身干扰。在分析了行车环境中的电磁干扰后,在保证电磁兼容和信号完整性的情况下对行车监控装置的PCB部分进行了布局布线和抗干扰设计。
最后基于以上设计,对主要模块的实际电路进行了调试和分析。系统调试和测试结果证明,汽车行车监控装置硬件系统各个功能模块工作正常,满足功能需求,并且运行稳定、可靠性高,实现了论文目标。
To alleviate the increasing traffic pressure and improve the vehicle safety performance, various of vehicle monitoring products are emerged,which based on embedded computers,communications,sensors and other technologies,to improved traffic safety and alleviate the pressure on road greatly.But the shortcomings of weak performance,single function were widely spreaded in vehicle monitoring device in domestic.This paper developed the hardware system of a kind of multifunctional vehicles traffic monitoring device which based on the MIPS architecture 32-bit embedded processor Au1250.
This paper briefly introduced the research background,research purposes and research state in domestic and abroad of the vehicles traffic monitoring device firstly.Studying these problems of the system after analysis of the relevant technology.Analyzing the functional requirements of the traffic monitoring device hardware platform.Take out a schematic design of the hardware system of multifunctional vehicles traffic monitoring device,the main function of which is navigation monitoring based on GPS/GPRS,expanding the traffic images monitoring function by the advanced video processing in Au1250 processor,and expanding each bus interface such as CAN/LIN to monitoring each ECU of the vehicle.
Then have the detailed design to various functional modules of the hardware system for the demand of the vehicles traffic monitoring. Each periphery functional module are designed by surrounding the embedded processor Au1250 during the detailed design process.The detailed design mainly include main controller,wireless data transceiver module,vehicles-bus monitor module,image monitoring module,the man-computer interface unit,run&debug modular,power source.
Later this paper have the engineering realization of the vehicles traffic monitoring device under the difficult circumstances of the vehicle traffic.The vehicles traffic monitoring device will get each kind of interference and self-interference as high speed circuits.After analyzing the electromagnetic interference in traffic environment,have the the PCB-layout design and Anti-Interference while in case of ensure electromagnetic compatibility and signal integrity.
At last,based on the designings above,get the main module of the actual circuit debugging and analysis.System debug and test results prove that,vehicle traffic monitoring device hardware system work properly in all functional modules to meet the functional requirements,stable operation and high reliability and reach the target of the paper.
引文
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[10]胡杰.基于ARM的嵌入式视频监控终端的研究[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文. 2008
[11]杨建伟.基于ARM的嵌入式远程图像监控系统的研究[D].西华大学硕士学位论文. 2008
[12]潘银春.工程机械远程监控系统监控终端设计[D].南京理工大学硕士学位论文. 2008
[13]金振华,卢青春,阎东林,魏红军.基于GPRS的汽车道路试验远程监控系统[J].计算机测量与控制. 2006,14(10):1312-1314.
[14]荆晓博.多功能车载终端系统的研究与实现[D].同济大学硕士学位论文. 2007
[15]富立.车辆定位导航系统[M].北京:中国铁道出版社. 2004.11
[16]王旭东.汽车电子控制装置与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2007.5
[17]刘华东,张勤,曾一,张聪,程克非.一类GPS车辆监控系统的设计与实现[J].重庆大学学报. 2003, 26 (9): 123-125
[18] Huanming Yu, Zhifeng Pang, Dongru Ruan. The Design of the Embedded Wireless Vehicles Monitoring Management System Based on GPRS: Evidence from China[J]. IEEE 2008.227 677-680
[19]摩托罗拉工程学院GPRS网络技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社2005.6
[20]王真真.基于GPRS嵌入式数据传输系统的研究与开发[D]浙江大学硕士学位论文. 2008
[21]肖杰.车载监控系统关键技术的研究与实现[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文. 2008
[22]石英春.汽车行驶监控系统的研究[D].中南大学硕士学位论文. 2007
[23]李伯成.嵌入式系统可靠性设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2006.1
[24] Guoguo.嵌入式系统的现状和发展趋势[EB/OL]. http://hi.baidu.com/2007salad/blog/item/342afa59f7b3c989800a18da.html .2009,05
[25]殷进.汽车黑匣子GPS定位及无线通信技术的研究与实现[D].东南大学硕士学位论文. 2005
[26] Elpida Memory, Inc. HOW TO USE DDR SDRAM USER’S MANUAL[EB/OL]. http://www.elpida.com. 2002
[27]徐济慈.车载远程诊断技术在汽车道路试验的应用研究[D].上海交通大学硕士学位论文. 2007
[28]陶品.百花齐放的嵌入式处理器[EB/OL]. http://www.eccn.com/gec/0603icjz1.asp. 2006-3
[29] RMI. Alchemy? Au1210? Navigation Processor and Au1250? Media Processor Data Book. Revision C– Preliminary [EB/OL] www.RazaMicro.com. 2008-01
[30] Elpida Memory, Inc. HOW TO USE DDR2 SDRAM USER’S MANUAL[EB/OL]. http://www.elpida.com. 2004
[31]何勇,鄢萍,郭建兴,刘飞,贺德强.嵌入式处理器Au1100的存储器接口设计[J].兵工自动化. 2004, 3(23):37-39
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[35] Siemens. MC39i Hardware Interface Description[EB/OL]. http://www.siemens.com/wm. 2005
[36]刘伦洪,过学迅,付畅.基于CAN和L IN总线的汽车信息系统研究[J].武汉理工大学学报·信息与管理工程版. 2008, 30(3):415-419.
[37]聂单根.基于CAN/LIN总线的汽车车身网络技术的应用研究[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文. 2007
[38] LIN Consortium. LIN Specification Package.Rev.1.2[EB/OL]. 2001
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