鄱阳湖典型湿地铁的分布规律及对土壤磷吸附释放的影响
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摘要
铁作为典型氧化还原敏感元素,在湿地土壤氧化还原反应循环中起到了不可或缺的作用。活性铁含量的高低,标示着湿地土壤的氧化还原性质,影响着湿地土壤周围其他营养元素在植物中的富集。本研究采用现场测定和实验室模拟相结合,对鄱阳湖典型湿地铁的分布规律及对土壤中磷吸附释放的影响进行了系统全面的研究。结果表明：
1.鄱阳湖湿地铁的形态在不同的剖面有差异,但是随着土壤深度加深,铁由高价态转化为低价态,土壤由氧化态变为还原态,土壤基本是还原性的。鄱阳湖周边各县总铁的含量不是很高,且变化不是很大,变化范围为16.30-38.87g/Kg之间,平均值为25.80g/Kg。各地总铁含量在不同剖面的变化趋势也不大,基本维持在24.01-31.54g/Kg左右徘徊。土壤的pH值、Eh和有机质等环境因素与土壤活性铁含量呈显著相关性。活性铁的含量随着土壤的深度增加,含量减少,并且活性铁枯水期低于汛期初期。
2.鄱阳湖湿地土壤对磷的吸附是一个复合动力学过程,本文以鄱阳湖白沙洲湿地土壤为材料,对土壤磷的吸附特性及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明土壤对磷的吸附在1h达到稳态,之后处于一种动态平衡,通过用Langmuir方程拟合,计算出土壤对磷的最大吸附量,最大缓冲容量和平衡常数分别为：Xm=333.33;MBC=1250mg/Kg;K=3.75环境因素对湿地土壤磷的吸附有较大影响,经研究发现,当溶液中Fe3+的浓度过大时,会对磷的吸附量产生明显的抑制作用；湿地土壤对磷的吸附量随pH增大而增大,湿地土壤磷的吸附受pH影响显著；温度对土壤吸附磷的影响显著,温度越大,吸附量越大；水土比、离子强度、Fe2O3含量和Fe3+浓度对磷的吸附均有抑制作用。
3.鄱阳湖湿地土壤对磷的释放过程是可逆的,即湿地土壤吸附的磷可以再次被释放出来。本文以鄱阳湖白沙洲湿地土壤为材料,对土壤磷的释放特性及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明土壤对磷的释放在5h后基本达到平衡；当溶液中Fe3+浓度过大时,会对磷的释放量产生明显的促进作用；pH对土壤释放磷的影响显著,在不同的pH值下,土壤磷的释放量明显不同。水土比、离子强度和Fe3+浓度对磷的释放均有促进作用。
Iron as the typical redox sensitive elements, in the wetland soil redox reaction cycle plays an indispensable role.Active iron content, marking the wetland soil redox properties, affecting the wetland soil around other nutrient elements in plants enrichment.This study used the site test and laboratory simulation combining typical to Poyang Lake subway, wet distribution and on soil phosphorus adsorption and release effects were studied.The results show that:
1. Moist Poyang Lake subway morphology in different profiles have differences, but with the soil depth, iron by high valence state into low state, soil by the oxidation state is reducible, soil is the reductive.Poyang Lake and the surrounding counties of total iron content is not very high, and the change is not significant, variations in the range of16.3～38.87g/Kg,25.8g/Kg average value.Throughout the total iron content in different section of the trend is not big also, basically maintained at24.01-31.54g/Kg around.The soil pH value, Eh and the environmental factors such as soil organic matter and active iron content was significantly correlated. Active iron content increased with the depth of soil, content decreased, and active iron in dry season than early flood season.
2. Poyang Lake wetland soil on phosphorus adsorption is a complex dynamic process, this paper takes Poyang Lake Baishazhou wetland soil material, on soil phosphorus sorption characteristics and their influence factors research. The results showed that soil on phosphorus adsorption in lh after reaching steady state, is in a dynamic balance, by using Langmuir equation, calculating soil on phosphorus adsorption capacity, maximum buffering capacity and equilibrium constants are:Xm=333.33; MBC=1250mg/Kg; K=3.75. Environmental factors on wetland soil phosphorus adsorption by a greater impact, the study found that, when the solution of Fe3+concentration is too large, will P adsorption capacity produced significant inhibition; wetland soil P adsorption capacity increases with pH increasing, wetland soil phosphorus adsorption by pH significantly; temperature on soil phosphorus adsorption effect the larger, temperature, adsorption amount greater than; water, ionic strength, Fe2O3content and Fe3+concentration on phosphorus adsorption has inhibitory action.
3. Poyang Lake wetland soil on phosphorus release process is reversible, i.e. wetland soil adsorption of phosphorus can again be released.This paper takes Poyang Lake Baishazhou wetland soil material, on soil phosphorus release characteristics and their influence factors research.The results showed that soil on phosphorus release in5h after achieving balance; when Fe3+concentration is too large, the phosphor release a quantity to have apparent stimulative effect; pH on soil phosphorus release significantly, in different pH value, soil phosphorus release amount were significantly different.The ratio of water and soil, ionic strength and Fe3+concentration on phosphorus release had promoting action.
1.鄱阳湖湿地铁的形态在不同的剖面有差异,但是随着土壤深度加深,铁由高价态转化为低价态,土壤由氧化态变为还原态,土壤基本是还原性的。鄱阳湖周边各县总铁的含量不是很高,且变化不是很大,变化范围为16.30-38.87g/Kg之间,平均值为25.80g/Kg。各地总铁含量在不同剖面的变化趋势也不大,基本维持在24.01-31.54g/Kg左右徘徊。土壤的pH值、Eh和有机质等环境因素与土壤活性铁含量呈显著相关性。活性铁的含量随着土壤的深度增加,含量减少,并且活性铁枯水期低于汛期初期。
2.鄱阳湖湿地土壤对磷的吸附是一个复合动力学过程,本文以鄱阳湖白沙洲湿地土壤为材料,对土壤磷的吸附特性及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明土壤对磷的吸附在1h达到稳态,之后处于一种动态平衡,通过用Langmuir方程拟合,计算出土壤对磷的最大吸附量,最大缓冲容量和平衡常数分别为：Xm=333.33;MBC=1250mg/Kg;K=3.75环境因素对湿地土壤磷的吸附有较大影响,经研究发现,当溶液中Fe3+的浓度过大时,会对磷的吸附量产生明显的抑制作用；湿地土壤对磷的吸附量随pH增大而增大,湿地土壤磷的吸附受pH影响显著；温度对土壤吸附磷的影响显著,温度越大,吸附量越大；水土比、离子强度、Fe2O3含量和Fe3+浓度对磷的吸附均有抑制作用。
3.鄱阳湖湿地土壤对磷的释放过程是可逆的,即湿地土壤吸附的磷可以再次被释放出来。本文以鄱阳湖白沙洲湿地土壤为材料,对土壤磷的释放特性及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明土壤对磷的释放在5h后基本达到平衡；当溶液中Fe3+浓度过大时,会对磷的释放量产生明显的促进作用；pH对土壤释放磷的影响显著,在不同的pH值下,土壤磷的释放量明显不同。水土比、离子强度和Fe3+浓度对磷的释放均有促进作用。
Iron as the typical redox sensitive elements, in the wetland soil redox reaction cycle plays an indispensable role.Active iron content, marking the wetland soil redox properties, affecting the wetland soil around other nutrient elements in plants enrichment.This study used the site test and laboratory simulation combining typical to Poyang Lake subway, wet distribution and on soil phosphorus adsorption and release effects were studied.The results show that:
1. Moist Poyang Lake subway morphology in different profiles have differences, but with the soil depth, iron by high valence state into low state, soil by the oxidation state is reducible, soil is the reductive.Poyang Lake and the surrounding counties of total iron content is not very high, and the change is not significant, variations in the range of16.3～38.87g/Kg,25.8g/Kg average value.Throughout the total iron content in different section of the trend is not big also, basically maintained at24.01-31.54g/Kg around.The soil pH value, Eh and the environmental factors such as soil organic matter and active iron content was significantly correlated. Active iron content increased with the depth of soil, content decreased, and active iron in dry season than early flood season.
2. Poyang Lake wetland soil on phosphorus adsorption is a complex dynamic process, this paper takes Poyang Lake Baishazhou wetland soil material, on soil phosphorus sorption characteristics and their influence factors research. The results showed that soil on phosphorus adsorption in lh after reaching steady state, is in a dynamic balance, by using Langmuir equation, calculating soil on phosphorus adsorption capacity, maximum buffering capacity and equilibrium constants are:Xm=333.33; MBC=1250mg/Kg; K=3.75. Environmental factors on wetland soil phosphorus adsorption by a greater impact, the study found that, when the solution of Fe3+concentration is too large, will P adsorption capacity produced significant inhibition; wetland soil P adsorption capacity increases with pH increasing, wetland soil phosphorus adsorption by pH significantly; temperature on soil phosphorus adsorption effect the larger, temperature, adsorption amount greater than; water, ionic strength, Fe2O3content and Fe3+concentration on phosphorus adsorption has inhibitory action.
3. Poyang Lake wetland soil on phosphorus release process is reversible, i.e. wetland soil adsorption of phosphorus can again be released.This paper takes Poyang Lake Baishazhou wetland soil material, on soil phosphorus release characteristics and their influence factors research.The results showed that soil on phosphorus release in5h after achieving balance; when Fe3+concentration is too large, the phosphor release a quantity to have apparent stimulative effect; pH on soil phosphorus release significantly, in different pH value, soil phosphorus release amount were significantly different.The ratio of water and soil, ionic strength and Fe3+concentration on phosphorus release had promoting action.
引文
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