开发区创新生态系统建构、评价与二次创业研究
摘要
我国开发区的创建和发展对中国的产业格局和经济腾飞产生了深远的影响,20多年来,开发区取得了显著成就,积累了丰富经验,在推进中国特色社会主义建设中发挥了窗口、示范、辐射和带动作用。
然而,开发区作为区域经济的一个特例,其发展呈现明显的阶段性,开发区“一次创业”的过程是一个要素集聚和产业主导形成的过程,为了提升开发区的发展能级,本文在“一次创业”的基础上提出了“二次创业”概念,并讨论了“二次创业”的相关理论、范式和框架。
本文在前人研究的基础上,分析了开发区创新系统的生态学特征,兼顾了开发区创新系统的系统性和有机性,建立了新的有关开发区运行机制的系统理论研究框架,将区域经济理论,产业理论,与生态学理论研究相结合,并综合借鉴国内外区域创新生态系统研究,创建了开发区创新生态系统模型,设计了旨在进行开发区创新生态系统运行状况评价的问卷,采用定性与定量相结合的方法,分析了影响开发区创新生态系统运行的相关生态因子,并结合生态学中生态位的分析方法,分析了影响开发区“二次创业”中企业创新发展的问题,提出了以形成和拓展入区企业创新发展关键生态位为核心的解决开发区“二次创业”阶段问题的有关对策,具有较强的理论意义和现实意义。
基于对开发区理论的综述,对开发区阶段性发展的实践进行理论反思,并尝试对开发区“二次创业”问题进行必要的理论分析。在区域创新理论综述的基础上进行了模式的引导,创造性的提出创新生态系统的理论,并对创新生态系统进行了必要的理论界定和评述。基于开发区创新生态系统与自然生态系统的比较分析,创造性的提出了区域创新生态位的理论,并立足于开发区建设的具体实践,进行了区域创新生态位的优化和拓展。立足于开发区具体的区域特征,进行了开发区创新生态系统的构建,并尝试构建了开发区创新生态系统模型。进行了开发区“二次创业”评价指标体系的构建,并以德州开发区为个案进行了评价与应用。提出了开发区“二次创业”的对策与方略,力图对开发区实现“二次创业”阶段科学发展提供有价值的参考。
The establishing and developing of economic development zone (EDZ) in China have a far-reaching influence on Chinese industrial structure and economic prosperity. In the past 20 years, EDZ has made notable achievements and rich experience. In construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics, EDZ serves as a window opening to the outside world and plays a positive role of demonstration, radiation, and impetus.
As a special case of regional economy, the EDZ presents different features in its different developing phases. In order to enhance the development power of EDZ, this dissertation, on the basis of the first-round development, brings forward the concept of Second Round Development together with some related theory and pattern. This dissertation, on the basis of the former study on EDZs, analyses the ecology character of EDZ innovation system. In the light of its systematicness and organism, it make a new theory frame related to EDZ operation mechanism in which the theory of regional economy, industry and ecology are combined. Using the experience of former researches for reference, an innovation ecosystem model is built and design questionnaire is made aiming to evaluate the operation state of EDZ innovation ecosystem. Involved method of fixing quantity and quality are adopted, eco-factors that affect the operation of EDZ innovation ecosystem are analyzed. Niche analysis method is used to find out the possible problems that may affect the innovation development of enterprises during the second round development of EDZ. And then via forming and developing the innovation and development niche of the enterprises in the zones, some related solutions are brought forward to solve problems during the second round development of EDZs. The above analyses are of significance for the contribution to both theory and practice.
Having summed up research theories on EDZ, we pondered the development practices in different phases of EDZ and theoretically analyzed the existing problems during the Second Round Development. This dissertation, on the basis of discussion about the regional innovation theory, shapes a new mode and inducts the theory of Innovation Ecosystem, with the definition and comment on it. Comparing innovation ecosystem with natural ecosystem, this dissertation brings forward the theory of Regional Innovation Eco-niche, and tries to do some optimizing and deepening work based upon the EDZ developing practice. On the basis of EDZ regional feature, the model of EDZ innovation ecosystem is tested to be established. In addition, the index evaluation system is established and put into practice in the light of Dezhou EDZ. This dissertation makes some suggestion and methods for the scientific development of EDZ’s Second Round Development aiming to provide valuable reference.
然而,开发区作为区域经济的一个特例,其发展呈现明显的阶段性,开发区“一次创业”的过程是一个要素集聚和产业主导形成的过程,为了提升开发区的发展能级,本文在“一次创业”的基础上提出了“二次创业”概念,并讨论了“二次创业”的相关理论、范式和框架。
本文在前人研究的基础上,分析了开发区创新系统的生态学特征,兼顾了开发区创新系统的系统性和有机性,建立了新的有关开发区运行机制的系统理论研究框架,将区域经济理论,产业理论,与生态学理论研究相结合,并综合借鉴国内外区域创新生态系统研究,创建了开发区创新生态系统模型,设计了旨在进行开发区创新生态系统运行状况评价的问卷,采用定性与定量相结合的方法,分析了影响开发区创新生态系统运行的相关生态因子,并结合生态学中生态位的分析方法,分析了影响开发区“二次创业”中企业创新发展的问题,提出了以形成和拓展入区企业创新发展关键生态位为核心的解决开发区“二次创业”阶段问题的有关对策,具有较强的理论意义和现实意义。
基于对开发区理论的综述,对开发区阶段性发展的实践进行理论反思,并尝试对开发区“二次创业”问题进行必要的理论分析。在区域创新理论综述的基础上进行了模式的引导,创造性的提出创新生态系统的理论,并对创新生态系统进行了必要的理论界定和评述。基于开发区创新生态系统与自然生态系统的比较分析,创造性的提出了区域创新生态位的理论,并立足于开发区建设的具体实践,进行了区域创新生态位的优化和拓展。立足于开发区具体的区域特征,进行了开发区创新生态系统的构建,并尝试构建了开发区创新生态系统模型。进行了开发区“二次创业”评价指标体系的构建,并以德州开发区为个案进行了评价与应用。提出了开发区“二次创业”的对策与方略,力图对开发区实现“二次创业”阶段科学发展提供有价值的参考。
The establishing and developing of economic development zone (EDZ) in China have a far-reaching influence on Chinese industrial structure and economic prosperity. In the past 20 years, EDZ has made notable achievements and rich experience. In construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics, EDZ serves as a window opening to the outside world and plays a positive role of demonstration, radiation, and impetus.
As a special case of regional economy, the EDZ presents different features in its different developing phases. In order to enhance the development power of EDZ, this dissertation, on the basis of the first-round development, brings forward the concept of Second Round Development together with some related theory and pattern. This dissertation, on the basis of the former study on EDZs, analyses the ecology character of EDZ innovation system. In the light of its systematicness and organism, it make a new theory frame related to EDZ operation mechanism in which the theory of regional economy, industry and ecology are combined. Using the experience of former researches for reference, an innovation ecosystem model is built and design questionnaire is made aiming to evaluate the operation state of EDZ innovation ecosystem. Involved method of fixing quantity and quality are adopted, eco-factors that affect the operation of EDZ innovation ecosystem are analyzed. Niche analysis method is used to find out the possible problems that may affect the innovation development of enterprises during the second round development of EDZ. And then via forming and developing the innovation and development niche of the enterprises in the zones, some related solutions are brought forward to solve problems during the second round development of EDZs. The above analyses are of significance for the contribution to both theory and practice.
Having summed up research theories on EDZ, we pondered the development practices in different phases of EDZ and theoretically analyzed the existing problems during the Second Round Development. This dissertation, on the basis of discussion about the regional innovation theory, shapes a new mode and inducts the theory of Innovation Ecosystem, with the definition and comment on it. Comparing innovation ecosystem with natural ecosystem, this dissertation brings forward the theory of Regional Innovation Eco-niche, and tries to do some optimizing and deepening work based upon the EDZ developing practice. On the basis of EDZ regional feature, the model of EDZ innovation ecosystem is tested to be established. In addition, the index evaluation system is established and put into practice in the light of Dezhou EDZ. This dissertation makes some suggestion and methods for the scientific development of EDZ’s Second Round Development aiming to provide valuable reference.
引文
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