钢筋混凝土核心筒抗震性能及其设计理论研究
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摘要
混凝土核心筒已成为我国高层建筑中一种主要的抗侧力结构单元。框架-核心筒混合结构在我国地震区已有大量应用,但目前国内外对于核心筒很少进行深入研究,有关理论分析和设计方法没有形成一套考虑混凝土核心筒为空间抗侧力单元的完整抗震设计方法和构造体系,核心筒的抗震性能研究还很不足。所以,对地震区混凝土核心筒的抗震性能开展研究具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文在以往研究基础上,进行了以下几个方面的研究工作:
混凝土核心筒破坏机理和抗震性能研究。通过5个混凝土核心筒试件在相同轴压比下的低周反复水平加载试验,研究了钢筋混凝土核心筒在地震作用下的开裂过程、损伤顺序、滞回性能、承载力、变形及延性性能,薄弱部位、刚度退化、耗能能力、截面应变和剪力滞后现象等;分析了其破坏机理、较大塑性变形区域受力情况。分析了在相同轴压比下,试件的高宽比、连梁纵筋配筋率、连梁跨高比及加载角度各项因素对核心筒抗震性能的影响。采用三维结构非线性分析与性能评估软件perform-3D对混凝土核心筒试验试件进行了静力非线性分析,计算所得pushover曲线与试验结果吻合较好,表明纤维单元对核心筒分析的有效性和准确性;同时,对核心筒试件弹塑性损伤分布与发展的分析,得到核心筒试件损伤发展顺序以及各构件屈服情况,并与试验结果进行了对比分析,符合较好;在此基础上,系统分析了更多参数如轴压比等对混凝土核心筒承载力和变形性能的影响规律,得到对理论研究和工程设计有价值的结论。
混凝土核心筒性能指标限值研究及其抗震性能评估。本文在现行规范基础上进一步细分,将钢筋混凝土核心筒结构的性能水准划分为良好使用、暂时使用、生命安全和接近倒塌四个水平;统计分析大量钢筋混凝土连梁、剪力墙和核心筒的试验数据,提出了混凝土连梁和剪力墙构件四个性能水平的失效判别标准和参数,给出了不同破坏形态的变形性能指标限值;以层间位移角作为性能指标,给出了一般弯曲型或弯曲剪切型核心筒四个性能水平的层间位移角限值。对混凝土核心筒进行了增量动力分析,采用需求能力系数法对核心筒抗震性能进行了评估,计算得到结构满足不同设防目标的可靠水平均达到90%以上,同时给出了基于IDA分析的核心筒在正常使用、暂时使用、生命安全和接近倒塌四个性能水平极限状态的层间位移角限值。通过不同方向地震作用与单向地震作用下混凝土核心筒的地震效应对比可知,在进行结构设计时,大震作用下,斜向地震作用下的内力要明显偏大,仅考虑单向输入的水平加速度的设计结果会偏于不安全。并通过输入与Y轴45°斜向地震记录基于单条地震记录的IDA方法对核心筒进行抗震性能分析。
混凝土核心筒基于性能的抗震设计方法研究。基于能力设计原理提出了核心筒在地震作用下合理的屈服机制和破坏模式,并通过能力设计思想对本文核心筒试件进行了相应设计。根据连梁和墙肢受力的工作特点,利用罕遇地震作用下混凝土核心筒的极限承载力计算公式,对基于能力设计原理的核心筒受力性能进行验证,结果较为吻合。在加速度反应谱和能力谱法基础上,通过引入损伤指标及能力设计方法,提出了混凝土核心筒基于位移的抗震设计方法,该方法可以通过承载力和位移延性的双控进行结构的抗震设计。
Core walls have become major lateral force structure units in high-rise building. Although the frame-core wall structures have been widely used in china earthquake region, the theoretical analysis and design methods of core walls are few intensive studied and seismic performance of this kind of structure is poor. Therefore, it is of important theoretical and practical significance to study seismic performance of core walls. The main content is presented as follows.
The failure mechanism and seismic performance of reinforced concrete core walls are studied. The low-cycle and reverse horizontal loading test of five reinforced concrete core walls specimens are carried out. The cracking process, yielding sequence, hysteretic behavior, bearing capacity, deformation and ductility properties, weak parts, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation capacity, section strain and shear lag phenomenon are investigated. The failure mechanism and force condition of plastic deformation are also analyzed. Meanwhile, the influence of height-width ratio, reinforcement ratio of coupling beam, span-depth ratio of coupling beam and loading action direction on the seismic performance of core walls under the same axial compression ratio are analyzed systemically. The Perform-3D software is adopted to perform static pushover analysis for reinforced concrete core walls, and results from the simulation match well with those from the tests. It is shown that the fiber model is valid for numerical simulation analysis of core walls. Damage development sequence of core wall specimen and yielding condition of each member are analyzed which coincide well with the experimental results. On this basis, effects of more design parameters on bearing capacity and deformation performance are systematically analyzed, and conclusions which is valuable for theoretical research and engineering design are obtained.
Quantified Performance index and seismic performance evaluation of reinforced concrete core walls are researched. Based on current seismic code, four performance levels are put forward for reinforced concrete core walls which are respectively normal service, temporary service, life safety and collapse prevention. Based on statistical data of seismic performance test of core walls at home and abroad, limit states of the four seismic performance levels and dominating parameters for coupling beam and shear wall are put forward, and limit value of deformation performance for different failure modes are given. Meanwhile, story drift angle limitation for core walls under four performance levels is obtained. Seismic performance evaluation for reinforced concrete core walls based on incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and demand-capacity factor method (DCFM) is investigated. The results indicate that the structure has excellent lateral resistant ability and reliability levels satisfying different fortification objectives are all over 90%. Comparison of the effects of one and multiple dimensional earthquake action demonstrate that the structural internal force under oblique seismic action is much stronger and the design results based on unidirectional earthquake input will be unsafe. The seismic performance of core walls based on single-record IDA method is analyzed under 45°with the Y-axis earthquake.
Performance-based seismic design methods of reinforced concrete core walls structure are researched. Based on Capacity design theory the reasonable yield mechanism and failure mode of core walls is proposed. According to the work characteristics of coupling beams and shear walls, ultimate bearing capacity of core walls under severe earthquake are presented. The value calculated by the formula is close to the test value. According to concrete structure damage calculation model, capacity design method and capacity spectrum methods, based on the displacement of seismic design method and flow is presented. The seismic design of core walls is carried out by double controlling bearing capacity and displacement ductility.
混凝土核心筒破坏机理和抗震性能研究。通过5个混凝土核心筒试件在相同轴压比下的低周反复水平加载试验,研究了钢筋混凝土核心筒在地震作用下的开裂过程、损伤顺序、滞回性能、承载力、变形及延性性能,薄弱部位、刚度退化、耗能能力、截面应变和剪力滞后现象等;分析了其破坏机理、较大塑性变形区域受力情况。分析了在相同轴压比下,试件的高宽比、连梁纵筋配筋率、连梁跨高比及加载角度各项因素对核心筒抗震性能的影响。采用三维结构非线性分析与性能评估软件perform-3D对混凝土核心筒试验试件进行了静力非线性分析,计算所得pushover曲线与试验结果吻合较好,表明纤维单元对核心筒分析的有效性和准确性;同时,对核心筒试件弹塑性损伤分布与发展的分析,得到核心筒试件损伤发展顺序以及各构件屈服情况,并与试验结果进行了对比分析,符合较好;在此基础上,系统分析了更多参数如轴压比等对混凝土核心筒承载力和变形性能的影响规律,得到对理论研究和工程设计有价值的结论。
混凝土核心筒性能指标限值研究及其抗震性能评估。本文在现行规范基础上进一步细分,将钢筋混凝土核心筒结构的性能水准划分为良好使用、暂时使用、生命安全和接近倒塌四个水平;统计分析大量钢筋混凝土连梁、剪力墙和核心筒的试验数据,提出了混凝土连梁和剪力墙构件四个性能水平的失效判别标准和参数,给出了不同破坏形态的变形性能指标限值;以层间位移角作为性能指标,给出了一般弯曲型或弯曲剪切型核心筒四个性能水平的层间位移角限值。对混凝土核心筒进行了增量动力分析,采用需求能力系数法对核心筒抗震性能进行了评估,计算得到结构满足不同设防目标的可靠水平均达到90%以上,同时给出了基于IDA分析的核心筒在正常使用、暂时使用、生命安全和接近倒塌四个性能水平极限状态的层间位移角限值。通过不同方向地震作用与单向地震作用下混凝土核心筒的地震效应对比可知,在进行结构设计时,大震作用下,斜向地震作用下的内力要明显偏大,仅考虑单向输入的水平加速度的设计结果会偏于不安全。并通过输入与Y轴45°斜向地震记录基于单条地震记录的IDA方法对核心筒进行抗震性能分析。
混凝土核心筒基于性能的抗震设计方法研究。基于能力设计原理提出了核心筒在地震作用下合理的屈服机制和破坏模式,并通过能力设计思想对本文核心筒试件进行了相应设计。根据连梁和墙肢受力的工作特点,利用罕遇地震作用下混凝土核心筒的极限承载力计算公式,对基于能力设计原理的核心筒受力性能进行验证,结果较为吻合。在加速度反应谱和能力谱法基础上,通过引入损伤指标及能力设计方法,提出了混凝土核心筒基于位移的抗震设计方法,该方法可以通过承载力和位移延性的双控进行结构的抗震设计。
Core walls have become major lateral force structure units in high-rise building. Although the frame-core wall structures have been widely used in china earthquake region, the theoretical analysis and design methods of core walls are few intensive studied and seismic performance of this kind of structure is poor. Therefore, it is of important theoretical and practical significance to study seismic performance of core walls. The main content is presented as follows.
The failure mechanism and seismic performance of reinforced concrete core walls are studied. The low-cycle and reverse horizontal loading test of five reinforced concrete core walls specimens are carried out. The cracking process, yielding sequence, hysteretic behavior, bearing capacity, deformation and ductility properties, weak parts, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation capacity, section strain and shear lag phenomenon are investigated. The failure mechanism and force condition of plastic deformation are also analyzed. Meanwhile, the influence of height-width ratio, reinforcement ratio of coupling beam, span-depth ratio of coupling beam and loading action direction on the seismic performance of core walls under the same axial compression ratio are analyzed systemically. The Perform-3D software is adopted to perform static pushover analysis for reinforced concrete core walls, and results from the simulation match well with those from the tests. It is shown that the fiber model is valid for numerical simulation analysis of core walls. Damage development sequence of core wall specimen and yielding condition of each member are analyzed which coincide well with the experimental results. On this basis, effects of more design parameters on bearing capacity and deformation performance are systematically analyzed, and conclusions which is valuable for theoretical research and engineering design are obtained.
Quantified Performance index and seismic performance evaluation of reinforced concrete core walls are researched. Based on current seismic code, four performance levels are put forward for reinforced concrete core walls which are respectively normal service, temporary service, life safety and collapse prevention. Based on statistical data of seismic performance test of core walls at home and abroad, limit states of the four seismic performance levels and dominating parameters for coupling beam and shear wall are put forward, and limit value of deformation performance for different failure modes are given. Meanwhile, story drift angle limitation for core walls under four performance levels is obtained. Seismic performance evaluation for reinforced concrete core walls based on incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and demand-capacity factor method (DCFM) is investigated. The results indicate that the structure has excellent lateral resistant ability and reliability levels satisfying different fortification objectives are all over 90%. Comparison of the effects of one and multiple dimensional earthquake action demonstrate that the structural internal force under oblique seismic action is much stronger and the design results based on unidirectional earthquake input will be unsafe. The seismic performance of core walls based on single-record IDA method is analyzed under 45°with the Y-axis earthquake.
Performance-based seismic design methods of reinforced concrete core walls structure are researched. Based on Capacity design theory the reasonable yield mechanism and failure mode of core walls is proposed. According to the work characteristics of coupling beams and shear walls, ultimate bearing capacity of core walls under severe earthquake are presented. The value calculated by the formula is close to the test value. According to concrete structure damage calculation model, capacity design method and capacity spectrum methods, based on the displacement of seismic design method and flow is presented. The seismic design of core walls is carried out by double controlling bearing capacity and displacement ductility.
引文
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