湖南省大新金矿床深部成矿预测
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摘要
湖南省大新金矿区位于湘中白马山—龙山成矿带中,该成矿带为湘中重要的金、锑成矿带。国内外著名的锡矿山超大型锑矿床也位于该成矿带中,区域内金属矿产丰富。
通过对金矿床类型的研究,总结出破碎蚀变岩型金矿、石英脉型金矿是区内两种基本金矿类型,其中破碎蚀变岩型金矿是区内主要金矿类型。这两种类型金矿床的产出都受到断裂带的控制,沿断裂带局部有石英脉充填,具黄铁矿化、毒砂矿化、辉锑矿化、退色化、硅化、绢云母化等矿化蚀变。矿化与破碎带中的蚀变强度呈正相关。毒砂的含量是判断矿化强度最为直接的标志,次为辉锑矿化和硅化、退色化。
矿床分为热液成矿期和表生期两个成矿期。热液成矿期可划分为3个成矿阶段。早期石英—黄铁矿阶段是金富集的主要阶段;晚期石英—黄铁矿阶段是主成矿阶段;石英—碳酸岩阶段矿化较弱。表生期以风化氧化作用为主。矿床成因为中低温热液破碎蚀变岩型金矿床。
根据金矿成矿具有多期多阶段叠加成矿成晕的观点,本文对大新金矿床金的地球化学背景及与金有关的元素地球化学进行了研究。研究了常量元素的迁移规律,对微量元素进行了相关分析和聚类分析,详细研究了蚀变岩及围岩中的稀土元素的丰度、分布模式及其演化机理。对大新金矿床(体)原生叠加晕轴向分带序列进行了研究,总结出了大新金矿床(体)原生晕轴向分带序列的特征。大新金矿床元素组合为Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn、As、Sb、Co、Mn、Mo。前缘元素组合为As、Sb,矿体中心元素组合为Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn,尾晕元素组合为Co、Mn、Mo,与Au成矿最相关的元素为As、Sb。通过对大新金矿原生叠加晕和地球化学参数的研究,总结出了大新金矿床(体)原生叠加晕模型特征及盲矿预测标志,为大新矿区5号脉矿体深部探矿工作提供了一定的理论依据。
The DaXin gold deposit is located in the Mt.Baima-Mt.Longshan mineralization belt, the belt is an important mineralization belt in which gold, stibium have been formed. The ultra-large type stibium ore deposit in XiKuangShan that is very famous at home and abroad also is located in this mineralization belt. The metal minerals are abundant in this region.
This thesis summarizes that clastic altered rock type gold deposit and gold deposit of quartz vein type are two basic gold deposit type in this area, through the research of gold deposit type. The Clastic altered rock type gold deposit is main gold deposit in the research area. The two types of gold deposit are controlled by fault zones. There are some partly mineralized alterations along fault zone, such as the arsenopyrite mineralizes, discoloration, silicification etc. The relation between mineralization and alteration intensity in the fault zone shows positive correlation. The content of arsenopyrite is direct symbol that determines mineralizing intensity, the secondary symbols include stibnite , silicification and discoloration.
The gold deposit includes two mineralization periods: hydrothermal mineralization period and exogenic mineralization period. Hydrothermal mineralization period can be divided into three mineralization stages. Early quartz-pyrite stage is the main stage in gold enrichment. Late quartz-pyrite stage is main mineralizing stage, the mineralization is weak in quartz-carbonate rocks stage. Weathering-oxidation is dominated in exogenic mineralization period. The genesis of deposit belongs to medium-low temperature clastic altered rock type.
According to the viewpoint that the gold deposit is formed in multi-period and multi-stage, we have studied Au and the elements related with Au such as themacro elements, trace elements, and rare earth elements. Finally we got the elements’background value of the DaXin gold deposit. The vertical zoning sequence and the characteristics of superimposed halos of the gold deposit have also been studied. A method and technology to locate blind ore in the depth and periphery of gold digging has been provided. The elements in DaXin gold deposit include Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Sb, Co, Mn, Mo. The front halos include: As, Sb, the centrer element of orebody include: Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, the elements of last halos include: Co, Mn, Mo. The elements that is closely related to mineralization of Au include: As, Sb. Depending on the characteristics of the superimposed halos and the geochemical parameter, an ideal model and the common characteristics of the DaXin gold deposit primary superimposed halos have been summed up. We created the prognostic rules and symbols that can be applied to the search for blind ore deposits. An effect method and technology has been supplied to prospect blind ores and increase the reserves in 5th vein of DaXin gold deposit.
通过对金矿床类型的研究,总结出破碎蚀变岩型金矿、石英脉型金矿是区内两种基本金矿类型,其中破碎蚀变岩型金矿是区内主要金矿类型。这两种类型金矿床的产出都受到断裂带的控制,沿断裂带局部有石英脉充填,具黄铁矿化、毒砂矿化、辉锑矿化、退色化、硅化、绢云母化等矿化蚀变。矿化与破碎带中的蚀变强度呈正相关。毒砂的含量是判断矿化强度最为直接的标志,次为辉锑矿化和硅化、退色化。
矿床分为热液成矿期和表生期两个成矿期。热液成矿期可划分为3个成矿阶段。早期石英—黄铁矿阶段是金富集的主要阶段;晚期石英—黄铁矿阶段是主成矿阶段;石英—碳酸岩阶段矿化较弱。表生期以风化氧化作用为主。矿床成因为中低温热液破碎蚀变岩型金矿床。
根据金矿成矿具有多期多阶段叠加成矿成晕的观点,本文对大新金矿床金的地球化学背景及与金有关的元素地球化学进行了研究。研究了常量元素的迁移规律,对微量元素进行了相关分析和聚类分析,详细研究了蚀变岩及围岩中的稀土元素的丰度、分布模式及其演化机理。对大新金矿床(体)原生叠加晕轴向分带序列进行了研究,总结出了大新金矿床(体)原生晕轴向分带序列的特征。大新金矿床元素组合为Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn、As、Sb、Co、Mn、Mo。前缘元素组合为As、Sb,矿体中心元素组合为Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn,尾晕元素组合为Co、Mn、Mo,与Au成矿最相关的元素为As、Sb。通过对大新金矿原生叠加晕和地球化学参数的研究,总结出了大新金矿床(体)原生叠加晕模型特征及盲矿预测标志,为大新矿区5号脉矿体深部探矿工作提供了一定的理论依据。
The DaXin gold deposit is located in the Mt.Baima-Mt.Longshan mineralization belt, the belt is an important mineralization belt in which gold, stibium have been formed. The ultra-large type stibium ore deposit in XiKuangShan that is very famous at home and abroad also is located in this mineralization belt. The metal minerals are abundant in this region.
This thesis summarizes that clastic altered rock type gold deposit and gold deposit of quartz vein type are two basic gold deposit type in this area, through the research of gold deposit type. The Clastic altered rock type gold deposit is main gold deposit in the research area. The two types of gold deposit are controlled by fault zones. There are some partly mineralized alterations along fault zone, such as the arsenopyrite mineralizes, discoloration, silicification etc. The relation between mineralization and alteration intensity in the fault zone shows positive correlation. The content of arsenopyrite is direct symbol that determines mineralizing intensity, the secondary symbols include stibnite , silicification and discoloration.
The gold deposit includes two mineralization periods: hydrothermal mineralization period and exogenic mineralization period. Hydrothermal mineralization period can be divided into three mineralization stages. Early quartz-pyrite stage is the main stage in gold enrichment. Late quartz-pyrite stage is main mineralizing stage, the mineralization is weak in quartz-carbonate rocks stage. Weathering-oxidation is dominated in exogenic mineralization period. The genesis of deposit belongs to medium-low temperature clastic altered rock type.
According to the viewpoint that the gold deposit is formed in multi-period and multi-stage, we have studied Au and the elements related with Au such as themacro elements, trace elements, and rare earth elements. Finally we got the elements’background value of the DaXin gold deposit. The vertical zoning sequence and the characteristics of superimposed halos of the gold deposit have also been studied. A method and technology to locate blind ore in the depth and periphery of gold digging has been provided. The elements in DaXin gold deposit include Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Sb, Co, Mn, Mo. The front halos include: As, Sb, the centrer element of orebody include: Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, the elements of last halos include: Co, Mn, Mo. The elements that is closely related to mineralization of Au include: As, Sb. Depending on the characteristics of the superimposed halos and the geochemical parameter, an ideal model and the common characteristics of the DaXin gold deposit primary superimposed halos have been summed up. We created the prognostic rules and symbols that can be applied to the search for blind ore deposits. An effect method and technology has been supplied to prospect blind ores and increase the reserves in 5th vein of DaXin gold deposit.
引文
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[4]鲍振襄.桃江半边山含金斑岩特征及其相关问题探讨[J].湖南地质,1994,13(4):212-216
[5]鲍振襄,覃志平.湘西龙王江锑砷金矿带地球化学异常特征及其找矿应用[J].黄金地质,1996,3(01):60-71
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[7]鲍振襄,陈放.湖南跑马坪金矿的发现及其地质找矿意义[J].黄金地质,1997,3(06)
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[9]陈石羡.地理信息系统在金属矿产预测中德应用.地质找矿论丛. 1998,13(l):74-83
[10]曹瑜,胡光道.圈定”5P”找矿地段的GIS成矿预测空间模型及其应用.地球科学,1999,24(4)409-412
[11]戴长华.古台山—高家坳金矿带北西向构造控矿特征及找矿意义[J].湖南地质,2000,17(2):105-119
[12]候嘉丽,杨密云.用佗做探金元素寻找金矿[J].有色金属矿产与勘查. 1995,4(4)24-25
[13]纪瑛瑛,孙忠实.灰色系统理论在海沟金矿成矿预测中的应用.吉林地质,1999,20(4):39-41
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