高强度开采条件下堤防损害机理及治理对策研究
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摘要
针对目前广泛采用的高强度开采技术引起的地面建(构)筑物破坏问题,本文采用现场监测、理论分析、相似材料模拟和数值模拟等方法,开展了高强度开采堤防损害机理及综合防治技术研究。
将三维激光扫描技术引入到沉陷变形监测中,研究了数据处理方法,总结了高强度开采地表堤防移动变形规律,建立了全面的动、稳态预测模型,确定了预测参数。分析了高强度开采引起的地表和堤防裂缝的平面分布和深度发育规律,提出了裂缝角、动态裂缝角和裂缝还原角的概念,建立了地表及堤防裂缝动、静态分布范围和裂缝极限发育深度预测模型。对高强度开采影响下堤防边坡稳定性、渗流稳定性和动力学稳定性进行了分析研究,建立了开采影响下堤防稳定性计算公式,并结合工程实例对开采影响下堤防稳定性进行了评价。在全面准确可靠的预测技术的基础上,提出了确定治理时机的最优化方法,开展了堤防治理专项技术研究,提出采前预加固稳沉后综合治理、采中动态防治和采后系统治理三种综合治理技术,形成了高强度开采堤防综合防治体系,并成功应用于实践。治理后的堤防经历了洪水期的考验,物探检测表明,经过治理的堤防内部不存在裂缝和软弱面,验证了治理技术的可行性和治理效果的可靠性。
In order to solve structures destroyed problems caused by high-strength underground mining which been widely used, the paper used field surveying, theoretical analysis, similar materials model and numerical model methods to carry out research on embankment damage mechanics and integrated repair methods under the conditions of high-strength underground mining.
Three-dimensional laser scanning technology have been carried into subsidence and deformation monitoring, with studied data processing method , ground movement and deformations rules of high-strength mining have been summed up. Combined with surveyed parameters, established a forecasting model which can used for dynamic and steady-state forecast. The paper analysis plane and depth develop rules of cracks on ground and embankment caused by high-strength mining, crack angle, dynamic crack angle and restore crack angle were proposed to describe the develop of cracks. The model of crack plane distributes and depth develops on ground and embankment has been established. The slope stability, seepage stability and kinetic stability of embankment under high-strength mining have been analysis, and the calculate formula of embankment stability has been advanced, which has been used to evaluate an engineering example. Based on comprehensive, accurate, and reliable forecasting techniques, the paper proposed optimization method to determining repair timing, researched the special repair technology of embankment, and put forward comprehensive repair technologies which include pre-consolidation before mining, dynamic control with mining and systemic repair after mining, forming an integrated embankment repair system, which has been successfully applied in practice. Embankment after treatment experienced the test of a flood period; geophysical analysis showed that there isn’t cracks and weak surface with in treated embankment, which demonstrated the feasibility and reliability of embankment repair technology.
将三维激光扫描技术引入到沉陷变形监测中,研究了数据处理方法,总结了高强度开采地表堤防移动变形规律,建立了全面的动、稳态预测模型,确定了预测参数。分析了高强度开采引起的地表和堤防裂缝的平面分布和深度发育规律,提出了裂缝角、动态裂缝角和裂缝还原角的概念,建立了地表及堤防裂缝动、静态分布范围和裂缝极限发育深度预测模型。对高强度开采影响下堤防边坡稳定性、渗流稳定性和动力学稳定性进行了分析研究,建立了开采影响下堤防稳定性计算公式,并结合工程实例对开采影响下堤防稳定性进行了评价。在全面准确可靠的预测技术的基础上,提出了确定治理时机的最优化方法,开展了堤防治理专项技术研究,提出采前预加固稳沉后综合治理、采中动态防治和采后系统治理三种综合治理技术,形成了高强度开采堤防综合防治体系,并成功应用于实践。治理后的堤防经历了洪水期的考验,物探检测表明,经过治理的堤防内部不存在裂缝和软弱面,验证了治理技术的可行性和治理效果的可靠性。
In order to solve structures destroyed problems caused by high-strength underground mining which been widely used, the paper used field surveying, theoretical analysis, similar materials model and numerical model methods to carry out research on embankment damage mechanics and integrated repair methods under the conditions of high-strength underground mining.
Three-dimensional laser scanning technology have been carried into subsidence and deformation monitoring, with studied data processing method , ground movement and deformations rules of high-strength mining have been summed up. Combined with surveyed parameters, established a forecasting model which can used for dynamic and steady-state forecast. The paper analysis plane and depth develop rules of cracks on ground and embankment caused by high-strength mining, crack angle, dynamic crack angle and restore crack angle were proposed to describe the develop of cracks. The model of crack plane distributes and depth develops on ground and embankment has been established. The slope stability, seepage stability and kinetic stability of embankment under high-strength mining have been analysis, and the calculate formula of embankment stability has been advanced, which has been used to evaluate an engineering example. Based on comprehensive, accurate, and reliable forecasting techniques, the paper proposed optimization method to determining repair timing, researched the special repair technology of embankment, and put forward comprehensive repair technologies which include pre-consolidation before mining, dynamic control with mining and systemic repair after mining, forming an integrated embankment repair system, which has been successfully applied in practice. Embankment after treatment experienced the test of a flood period; geophysical analysis showed that there isn’t cracks and weak surface with in treated embankment, which demonstrated the feasibility and reliability of embankment repair technology.
引文
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