蛇形复合抛物面太阳能集热器的性能研究
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摘要
太阳能作为一种取之不尽、用之不竭的可再生能源,有着广泛的应用前景。太阳能集热器作为太阳能热利用系统的关键部件,其性能直接影响收集到的太阳能的质量。
本文对目前的能源现状作了简要概括,并对集热器的发展趋势进行了分析,在此基础上提出了本文的研究课题,并在本课题组提出的蛇形复合抛物面(Serpentine Compound Parabolic Concentrator,简称SCPC)集热器的基础上,对其结构进行改进。蛇形复合抛物面集热器最大的特点是它是结合普通复合抛物面聚光(Compound Parabolic Concentrator,简称CPC)集热器和平板式集热器的优点设计而成。与CPC集热器相比,蛇形复合抛物面集热器的特别之处在于接收器按照蛇形布置,集热器组成模块式结构。
本文首先分析了蛇形复合抛物面集热器的工作原理,给出了集热器的参数方程,对集热器的结构进行了设计。构建了集热器对太阳辐射的吸收模型以及传热模型,使用Matlab软件对模型进行求解,对其性能及传热规律进行了理论分析。
其次,设计了蛇形复合抛物面集热器的实验样机,搭建了实验系统,依据国家有关集热器测试规范设计了实验内容,进行了实验测试,验证了数学模型的准确性与可靠性;实验结果表明蛇形复合抛物面集热器具有较高的集热效率。同时进行了瞬时效率实验,将实验数据用最小二乘法拟合得到瞬时效率的拟合曲线,得出该集热器的热损系数。
在此基础上,本文对蛇形复合抛物面集热器进行了数值模拟计算,研究了接收器管长、管径、复合抛物槽开口宽度等参数对蛇形复合抛物面太阳能集热器集热性能的影响,为蛇形复合抛物面太阳能集热器的优化设计、参数匹配等方面提供技术储备和理论支持。
Solar energy as an inexhaustible, incessant use and renewable energy will have a wide application prospect. Solar energy collectors are key parts in solar thermal utilization. The quality of collected solar energy is directly affected by the collector’s performance.
The current situation of the energy is briefly introduced; the development of solar collector is analyzed, which is the basis of this study. Some improvements are made with the ideas by my team members and a new novel solar collector named Serpentine Compound Parabolic Concentrator (SCPC) solar collector is developed. It integrates the common CPC solar collector and flat-plate solar collector technologies, as an innovation. Compared with CPC solar collector, the SCPC solar collector’s receiver is set serpentine, constituting modular structure.
This paper analyzes the working principle of collecting heat at the first. The parameters of equations are given. The structure of the collector is designed. The solar radiation absorption model and the heat transfer model of the SCPC solar collector are set up. They are solved by Matlab software. The heat exchange situation and performance for SCPC solar collector are studied.
The experimental SCPC collector prototype and experimental system are built up. According to the relevant national standard, the collector experimental contents are decided. The experiment is investigated and the performance parameters of the collector are obtained. The accuracy and reliability of the mathematical model is verified. The results show that, SCPC solar collector has high thermal efficiency. Instantaneous efficiency experiment is also carried out. The test data are fitted to get the efficiency instantaneous curve with the least square method. The heat loss coefficient is obtained.
On the basis, the numerical simulation on the SCPC solar collector is taken on. The tube length, pipe diameter and parabolic trough width parameters etc on the thermal performance of SCPC solar collector are discussed. Working on the analyzing results, the optimal design scheme is proposed, which is useful for the betterment design and the matching parameters.
本文对目前的能源现状作了简要概括,并对集热器的发展趋势进行了分析,在此基础上提出了本文的研究课题,并在本课题组提出的蛇形复合抛物面(Serpentine Compound Parabolic Concentrator,简称SCPC)集热器的基础上,对其结构进行改进。蛇形复合抛物面集热器最大的特点是它是结合普通复合抛物面聚光(Compound Parabolic Concentrator,简称CPC)集热器和平板式集热器的优点设计而成。与CPC集热器相比,蛇形复合抛物面集热器的特别之处在于接收器按照蛇形布置,集热器组成模块式结构。
本文首先分析了蛇形复合抛物面集热器的工作原理,给出了集热器的参数方程,对集热器的结构进行了设计。构建了集热器对太阳辐射的吸收模型以及传热模型,使用Matlab软件对模型进行求解,对其性能及传热规律进行了理论分析。
其次,设计了蛇形复合抛物面集热器的实验样机,搭建了实验系统,依据国家有关集热器测试规范设计了实验内容,进行了实验测试,验证了数学模型的准确性与可靠性;实验结果表明蛇形复合抛物面集热器具有较高的集热效率。同时进行了瞬时效率实验,将实验数据用最小二乘法拟合得到瞬时效率的拟合曲线,得出该集热器的热损系数。
在此基础上,本文对蛇形复合抛物面集热器进行了数值模拟计算,研究了接收器管长、管径、复合抛物槽开口宽度等参数对蛇形复合抛物面太阳能集热器集热性能的影响,为蛇形复合抛物面太阳能集热器的优化设计、参数匹配等方面提供技术储备和理论支持。
Solar energy as an inexhaustible, incessant use and renewable energy will have a wide application prospect. Solar energy collectors are key parts in solar thermal utilization. The quality of collected solar energy is directly affected by the collector’s performance.
The current situation of the energy is briefly introduced; the development of solar collector is analyzed, which is the basis of this study. Some improvements are made with the ideas by my team members and a new novel solar collector named Serpentine Compound Parabolic Concentrator (SCPC) solar collector is developed. It integrates the common CPC solar collector and flat-plate solar collector technologies, as an innovation. Compared with CPC solar collector, the SCPC solar collector’s receiver is set serpentine, constituting modular structure.
This paper analyzes the working principle of collecting heat at the first. The parameters of equations are given. The structure of the collector is designed. The solar radiation absorption model and the heat transfer model of the SCPC solar collector are set up. They are solved by Matlab software. The heat exchange situation and performance for SCPC solar collector are studied.
The experimental SCPC collector prototype and experimental system are built up. According to the relevant national standard, the collector experimental contents are decided. The experiment is investigated and the performance parameters of the collector are obtained. The accuracy and reliability of the mathematical model is verified. The results show that, SCPC solar collector has high thermal efficiency. Instantaneous efficiency experiment is also carried out. The test data are fitted to get the efficiency instantaneous curve with the least square method. The heat loss coefficient is obtained.
On the basis, the numerical simulation on the SCPC solar collector is taken on. The tube length, pipe diameter and parabolic trough width parameters etc on the thermal performance of SCPC solar collector are discussed. Working on the analyzing results, the optimal design scheme is proposed, which is useful for the betterment design and the matching parameters.
引文
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[3]安玉娇.U型玻璃真空管太阳能集热器热性能研究与优化设计[D].北京:北京建筑工程学院,2010
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[15]Neeraj Sharma,Gerardo Diaz.Performance model of a novel evacuated-tube solar collector based on minichannels [J].Solar Energy,2011,44(5):257-270
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[19]Tchinda R.Thermal behavior of solar air heater with compound parabolic concentrator [J].Energy Convention and Management,2008,49(4):529-540
[20]P C Eames,B Norton.Detailed Parametric Analyses of Heat Transfer in CPC Solar Energy Collectors [J].Solar Energy,1993,50(4):321-338
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[28]徐海峰,刘震炎.非跟踪聚焦型太阳能冷管及其性能研究[J].太阳能学报,2003,24(6):750-757
[29]郑宏飞,陶涛,何开岩,等.增加复合抛物面聚光器最大聚光角的几种方法及结果比较[J].2008,29(9):1467-1470
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[2]罗运俊,何梓年,王长贵.太阳能利用技术[M].化学工业出版社,2005,1
[3]安玉娇.U型玻璃真空管太阳能集热器热性能研究与优化设计[D].北京:北京建筑工程学院,2010
[4]方荣生,项立成,李亭寒,等.太阳能应用技术[M].中国农业机械出版社,1985,2
[5]郝俊勇.CPC太阳能集热器的性能研究及凝结水辅助加热系统的分析[D].北京:北京交通大学,2010
[6]何梓年等.真空集热管内不同形状吸热体表面相对太阳辐照强度的实验研究[J].太阳能学报,1995,16(4):361-366
[7]葛洪川等.真空集热管内不同形状吸热体能量收益的研究[J].太阳能学报,1996,17(1):15-21
[8]王如竹,代彦军.太阳能制冷[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2007,1
[9]郭廷伟,刘銮民,M Daguenet.太阳能的利用[M].北京:科学技术文献出社,1987,2
[10]刘毓伟.关于抛物槽集热器的光学与热学的性能研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2005
[11]W T威尔福德,R维恩斯顿著,王国强译.非成象聚光集热器光学——光和太阳能[M].北京:科学出版社,1987,10
[12]Hussein HMS, Mohamed MA,EI- Asfouri AS.Optimization of a wickless heat pipe flat solar collector [J].Energy Conversion and Management,1999,40(l):1949 -1961
[13]Hull JR.Analysis of heat transfer factors for a heat pipe absorber array connected to a common manifold [J].Journal of solar Energy Engineering,1986,108(l):11-16
[14]S Rittideeh,A Donmaung,K Kumsombut.Experimental study of the performance of a circular tube solar collector with closed- loop oscillating heat- pipe with cheek valve (CLOHP/CV)[J].Renewable Energy,2009,85:881-890
[15]Neeraj Sharma,Gerardo Diaz.Performance model of a novel evacuated-tube solar collector based on minichannels [J].Solar Energy,2011,44(5):257-270
[16]Yong Kim,GuiYoung Han,Taebeom Seo.An evaluation on thermal performance of CPC solar collector [J].International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer,2008,35:446–457
[17]Chigueru Tíba,Naum Fraidenraich.Optical and thermal optimization of stationary non-evacuated CPC solar concentrator with fully illuminated wedge receivers [J].Renewable Energy,2011,36:2547-2553
[18]Ronnelid M,Karlsson B.Experimental study of CPC type ICS solar systems [J].Solar Energy,2004,76(4):389-408
[19]Tchinda R.Thermal behavior of solar air heater with compound parabolic concentrator [J].Energy Convention and Management,2008,49(4):529-540
[20]P C Eames,B Norton.Detailed Parametric Analyses of Heat Transfer in CPC Solar Energy Collectors [J].Solar Energy,1993,50(4):321-338
[21] K K Chong,K G Chay,K H Chin.Study of a solar water heater using stationary V-trough collector [J].Renewable Energy,2012,39:207-215
[22] Frank Buttinger,Thomas Beikircher,Markus Pr?ll,et al.Development of a new ?at stationary evacuated CPC-collector for process heat applications [J].Solar Energy,2010,84:1166-1174
[23]Manuel I Gonzalez,Luis R Rodriguez,Jesus H Lucio.Evaluation of Thermal Parameters and Simulation of a Solar-powered,Solid-sorption Chiller with a CPC Collector[J].Renewable Energy,2009,34(3):570-577
[24]R Oommen,S Jayaraman.Development and Performance Analysis of Compound Parabolic Solar Concentrators with Reduced Gap Losses- oversized Reflector [J].Energy Conversion and Management,2001,42(11):1379-1399
[25]R Oommen,S Jayaraman.Development and Performance Analysis of Compound Parabolic Solar Concentrators with Reduced Gap Losses-‘V’Groove Reflector [J].Renewable Energy,2002,27(2):259-275
[26]李臻,史月艳,王毓琰,等.具有镜面反射和漫反射的CPC光学分析[J] .太阳能学报,2003,24(1):58-63
[27]任云锋,鱼剑琳,赵华.一种CPC型热管式太阳能集热器的实验研究[J].西安交通大学学报.2007,41(3):291-294
[28]徐海峰,刘震炎.非跟踪聚焦型太阳能冷管及其性能研究[J].太阳能学报,2003,24(6):750-757
[29]郑宏飞,陶涛,何开岩,等.增加复合抛物面聚光器最大聚光角的几种方法及结果比较[J].2008,29(9):1467-1470
[30]刘颖,戴景民,孙晓刚.抛物面型聚光器聚焦光斑能流密度分布的计算[J].太阳能学报,2007,28(10):1049-1054
[31]石玲.CPC热管式真空管集热器传热模型的分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2007
[32]郑宏飞,李正良,陶涛,等.漏斗式二级复合抛物面太阳能聚光器的优化设计[J].太阳能学报,2008,29(7):820-826
[33]彭祖林,葛洪川,高汉三,等.内聚光型太阳能光电——光热复合管的光学设计[J].太阳能学报,2007,28(6):577-582
[34]赵玉兰.CPC热管式真空管太阳能集热器传热特性的研究[D].南京:南京工业大学,2006
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