王庄坨826块敏感性特超稠油油藏开采技术适应性研究
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摘要
王庄油田坨826块沙三上亚段地面脱气原油密度1.012g/cm3,地面脱气原油粘度(80℃时)8808～44271mPa?s,属于特超稠油油藏,油层敏感性强易受污染,直、斜井试油试采产量低,开发难度大,储量无法有效动用。
针对本区块敏感性强、原油粘度高、油层能量补充困难的实际,本文在前人研究基础上,开展对该区块超稠油油藏水平井注蒸汽吞吐开采的工艺技术适应性分析,探讨合理开发方式,提出HDCS强化采油技术,即通过油溶性降粘剂对油层进行预处理、加CO2拌注蒸汽吞吐,从而起到复合降粘、混合传质来降低原油粘度的目的,改善原油在地下的流动性能,以实现该油田的高效开发。
本研究以区块地质特征和流体物性为基础,在室内研究的基础上,从整体开发设计角度出发,进行直斜井和水平井热采开发方式的效果对比研究、防膨剂筛选、油溶性降粘剂的配制、注蒸汽工艺的改进以及完井方式等配套技术的优化,并通过现场试验验证其有效性,结果表明效果良好,突破了该类油藏的出油关。上述配套技术的应用不仅具有良好的经济效益和社会效益,同时对相类似油藏的开发提供了一定的指导和借鉴意义。
The degassed crude oil density of the Tuo 826 block in Wangzhuang Oilfield is 1.102 g/cm3. The degassed crude viscosity is 8808～44271mPa?s at 80℃, that belongs to ultra heavy reservoir. Oil horizon has high sensitivity and easily to be damaged. Straight well and inclined well’s production of well test and production test are low. It is very difficulty to exploit. The reserves can’t be produced effectively.
This block is sensitivity, high crude viscosity and it is very difficulty to make up energy. According to the actual conditions and on the basis of predecessor research, adaptive study on the steam huff and puff exploitation technology of sensitive ultra heavy reservoir of the Tuo 826 block was made and the reasonable development means were discussed. HDCS enhanced oil recovery technique was submit. Using oil soluble thinner preprocessed oil horizon and adding CO2 blended steam huff and puff, and aim at thinning out the crude through compound viscosity break and blend mass transfer, that improve rude oil flowing property underground and achieve the high efficiency development. On the basis study of areal geology and fluid physical property, on the basis of office study, start off the respect of entire development design, comparatively studied the thermal development means effect of straight well, inclined well and horizontal well, selected antiswelling agent, manufactured oil soluble thinner, improved steam process technology and optimized well completion system and so on self-contained technique. Field testing procedure verified their effectiveness which breakthrough the difficult of ingress of oil about this kind of reservoir. Above-mentioned the self-contained techniques not only have favorable economic benefit and social effect but also have guide and reference to analogous reservoir.
针对本区块敏感性强、原油粘度高、油层能量补充困难的实际,本文在前人研究基础上,开展对该区块超稠油油藏水平井注蒸汽吞吐开采的工艺技术适应性分析,探讨合理开发方式,提出HDCS强化采油技术,即通过油溶性降粘剂对油层进行预处理、加CO2拌注蒸汽吞吐,从而起到复合降粘、混合传质来降低原油粘度的目的,改善原油在地下的流动性能,以实现该油田的高效开发。
本研究以区块地质特征和流体物性为基础,在室内研究的基础上,从整体开发设计角度出发,进行直斜井和水平井热采开发方式的效果对比研究、防膨剂筛选、油溶性降粘剂的配制、注蒸汽工艺的改进以及完井方式等配套技术的优化,并通过现场试验验证其有效性,结果表明效果良好,突破了该类油藏的出油关。上述配套技术的应用不仅具有良好的经济效益和社会效益,同时对相类似油藏的开发提供了一定的指导和借鉴意义。
The degassed crude oil density of the Tuo 826 block in Wangzhuang Oilfield is 1.102 g/cm3. The degassed crude viscosity is 8808～44271mPa?s at 80℃, that belongs to ultra heavy reservoir. Oil horizon has high sensitivity and easily to be damaged. Straight well and inclined well’s production of well test and production test are low. It is very difficulty to exploit. The reserves can’t be produced effectively.
This block is sensitivity, high crude viscosity and it is very difficulty to make up energy. According to the actual conditions and on the basis of predecessor research, adaptive study on the steam huff and puff exploitation technology of sensitive ultra heavy reservoir of the Tuo 826 block was made and the reasonable development means were discussed. HDCS enhanced oil recovery technique was submit. Using oil soluble thinner preprocessed oil horizon and adding CO2 blended steam huff and puff, and aim at thinning out the crude through compound viscosity break and blend mass transfer, that improve rude oil flowing property underground and achieve the high efficiency development. On the basis study of areal geology and fluid physical property, on the basis of office study, start off the respect of entire development design, comparatively studied the thermal development means effect of straight well, inclined well and horizontal well, selected antiswelling agent, manufactured oil soluble thinner, improved steam process technology and optimized well completion system and so on self-contained technique. Field testing procedure verified their effectiveness which breakthrough the difficult of ingress of oil about this kind of reservoir. Above-mentioned the self-contained techniques not only have favorable economic benefit and social effect but also have guide and reference to analogous reservoir.
引文
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[26]范洪富.稠油在水蒸汽作用下组成变化研究[J].燃料化学学报,2001,29(3):269-272
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[35]刘斌.油田经济可采储量确定方法研究[J].西南石油学院学报,1999,21(1):84-85
[36]张兴国.底水油藏开发中夹层的作用研究[J].地球学报,2002,23(5):459-462
[37]刘尚奇,许心伟,张锐.稠油油藏水平井热采应用研究[J].石油勘探与发,1996,23(2):65~67
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[39]蒲海洋,杨双虎,张红梅.蒸汽吞吐效果预测及注汽参数优化方法研究[J].石油勘探与开发,1998,25(3)
[40]陈家琅.石油气液两相管流[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989:80-85
[41]段昌旭,于京秋.孤岛常规稠油油藏[M].油工业出版社,1997:36-57
[42]扬世铭著.传热学[M],第三版.北京高等教育出版社.1998:69-88
[43]陈焕倬,马同泽,张舒飞等.热虹吸管内蒸汽切应力作用下的凝结换热[J].工程热物理学报,2004,11(2):79-82
[44]庄骏,张红著.热管技术及其工程应用[M].化学工业出版社.2000:73-131
[45]宋迎来,李明辉.辽河油田地面化学剂应用现状及前景展望[J ].油田化学,1995,12(2):185-187.
[46]吴本芳等.稠油油溶性降粘剂研究进展情况[J].油气储运,2003,22(2):1-6.
[47]周风山,吴谨光.稠油的类乳化成复合降粘作用机理[J].油田化学,2002,19(4):311-315.
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[2][美]帕拉茨.热力采油[M].北京:石油工业出版礼,1989.14.
[3]崔波,石文平,戴树高.高粘度稠油开采方法的现状与研究进展[J].石油化工技术经济,2000,16(6):5-11
[4]STHOMAS等著,徐雅莉,邸秀莲译.稠油开采的化学方法[J].特种油气藏,2003,10(2):94-97
[5]耿宏章,秦积舜,周开学,等.塔河油田稠油粘度特性试验研究[J].西部探矿工程,2003,1(3):75-77
[6] Javier E.Sanmiguel,S.A.Mehta,An experimental study of controlled gas-phase combustion in porous media forenhanced recovery of oil and gas.2001 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy(ETCE 2001),Part A,Houston,Texas, USA,February 5-7,2001.
[7]Xia T X. Greaves.M Thai—A short-distance displace.ment in situ comb ustion process for tl1e recovery an dupgrading of heavy oil.Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers.2003,Part A,81:295-304
[8]阳鑫军.稠油开采技术[J].海洋石油,2003,23(2):57-60
[9]M.Greaves et a1.高益桁,张冰,马雁编译.开采稠油并原地提高原油品位的新技术[J].特种油气藏,2002,9 (1):75-77
[10]Moore,R G et a1.刘林,刘玉,宋毅译.稠油冷采油藏的注空气开发技术[J].国外油田工程,2003,19 (3):2-8
[11]杨文军.一种新型稠油、高凝油开采工艺一磁降凝降粘技术[J].特种油气藏,2003,10 (2):67-69
[12]Hu Y Jha K N Chakma.A Heavy—oil recovery fromThin Pay Zones by Electromagnetic Heating. EnergySources,1999,21 (2):63-73
[13]Pu Chunsheng,Nie Cuiping,Jin Youhang.Amathematicalsimulation study of heavy oil production by electro—mag neticwaves heating.International Conference onTh eory &Technology ofoil& Gas Production Engineering in 21st Century.2002:57-63
[14]李明远,等.声波振动与表现的润湿性[J].石油学报,1999,20 (6):57-62
[15]周万山,李迎环,王玉铃.声波技术在石油开采中的应用[J].特种油气藏,2002,9 (2):74-78
[16]李大伟.试论天然地震与油气成藏和开发的关系[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(1):19-22
[17]孙利,姜淑霞,梁成蔚等.人工地震采油技术的研究与应用[J].钻采工艺,2003,26 (5):47-50
[18]刘永建,范洪富,孙守国等.水热裂解开采稠油新技术初探[J].大庆石油学院学报,2001,25(3):56-59
[19]胡绍彬,范洪富,刘永建等.辽河油田超稠油水热裂解采油现场试验[J].大庆石油学院学报,2002,26 (3):99-101
[20]范洪富,刘永建,杨付林.地下水热催化裂化降粘开采稠油新技术研究[J].油田化学,2001,18(1):13-16
[21]钟立国,刘喜林,范洪富等.稠油的水热裂解反应及其降粘机理[J].大庆石油学院学报,2002,26 (3):95-98
[22]Clark P D.Hyne J B.Tyrer J D.Chemistry of Organo sulfur Compound Type Occurring in heavy oil Sands.1.High Temperature Hydrolysis and Thermolysis of Th erahydrothiophene in Relation to Steam Stimulation processes[J].Fuel,1983,62 (5):959-962
[23]顿铁军.中国稠油油藏[M].西安:西北大学出版社.1996
[24]赵晓非,刘永建,范洪富等.稠油水热裂解可行性的研究[J].燃料化学学,2002,30(4):381-385
[25]范洪富.国内首例井下水热裂解催化降粘开采稠油现场试验[J].石油钻采工艺,2001, 23(3):42-46
[26]范洪富.稠油在水蒸汽作用下组成变化研究[J].燃料化学学报,2001,29(3):269-272
[27]Method improves heavy oil recovery Amer.Oil Gasrep.1994,37(9):123
[28]刘慧卿著.热力法采油技术原理与方法[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2000:78-122
[29]刘文章著.热采稠油油藏开发模式[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:156-162
[30]岳清山等著.稠油油藏注蒸汽开发技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:87-133
[31]李献民,白增杰等著.单家寺热采稠油油藏[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:56-70
[32]张修文,张丽萍等著.曙光油田杜66块热采稠油油藏[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:166-180
[33]霍广荣,李献民等著.胜利油田稠油油藏热力开采技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:93-113
[34]石启新,方开璞.注蒸汽开发经济极限油汽比及可采储量的计算方法及应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(4):97-98
[35]刘斌.油田经济可采储量确定方法研究[J].西南石油学院学报,1999,21(1):84-85
[36]张兴国.底水油藏开发中夹层的作用研究[J].地球学报,2002,23(5):459-462
[37]刘尚奇,许心伟,张锐.稠油油藏水平井热采应用研究[J].石油勘探与发,1996,23(2):65~67
[38]李士伦,张正卿,冉新权等.注汽提高石油采收率技术[J].成都:四川科学技术出版社, 2001
[39]蒲海洋,杨双虎,张红梅.蒸汽吞吐效果预测及注汽参数优化方法研究[J].石油勘探与开发,1998,25(3)
[40]陈家琅.石油气液两相管流[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989:80-85
[41]段昌旭,于京秋.孤岛常规稠油油藏[M].油工业出版社,1997:36-57
[42]扬世铭著.传热学[M],第三版.北京高等教育出版社.1998:69-88
[43]陈焕倬,马同泽,张舒飞等.热虹吸管内蒸汽切应力作用下的凝结换热[J].工程热物理学报,2004,11(2):79-82
[44]庄骏,张红著.热管技术及其工程应用[M].化学工业出版社.2000:73-131
[45]宋迎来,李明辉.辽河油田地面化学剂应用现状及前景展望[J ].油田化学,1995,12(2):185-187.
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