杭钢方坯连铸机结晶器液压非正弦振动系统的分析与仿真
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摘要
结晶器是连续铸钢中的铸坯成型设备,是连铸机的关键设备之一。结晶器振动系统的工作状态对连铸正常生产过程和铸坯质量都有直接影响。因此,对结晶器的振动装置进行研究具有重要的理论意义和工程价值。
本文在综述结晶器振动技术发展基础上,结合杭钢集团电炉厂方坯连铸机结晶器振动系统项目改造的内容,着重研究结晶器Dynaflex液压振动系统的动态特性。论文主要进行以下方面的工作:
1、分析和讨论国内外结晶器正弦振动和非正弦振动方式的振动机理,研究振动基本参数和工艺参数对结晶器的影响,探讨振幅、频率和拉速的匹配关系,以及基本参数和工艺参数的选择。
2、在全面分析结晶器Dynaflex液压振动系统组成、特点及其控制方式基础上,结合液压伺服控制系统的建模方法,研究Dynaflex液压振动系统的工作原理。
3、在分析和比较液压伺服控制系统常见建模方法基础上,建立系统数学模型。根据建立的振动系统数学模型,借助于MATLAB软件中的SIMULINK软件包建立结晶器振动位置伺服控制系统方框原理图,构建Dynaflex液压振动系统的系统仿真模型。通过对仿真模型的分析研究,得到系统主控变量的仿真曲线,探讨主要参数变化对结晶器非正弦振动系统性能影响,进而研究Dynaflex液压振动系统的稳定性、快速性和准确性等伺服控制系统的品质要求。
4、分析建立方坯连铸机结晶器振动在线监测系统的必要性,研究振动在线监测系统的设计方案,确定软件系统功能。
研究表明,对结晶器Dynaflex液压伺服振动系统进行建模,并对系统的动态特性进行仿真研究,为电炉厂方坯连铸机结晶器非正弦振动装置的改进、自动控制系统的优化以及工艺参数的在线调整提供决策依据,也为电炉厂根据钢种要求进行高频小幅振动提供理论指导。
Casting mould is the forming equipment of ingot blank in continuous casting, and casting mould is one of the key devices of continuous casting machine. The normal production process , quality and quantity of the ingot blank are directly ifluenced by the status of continuous casting mold vibration system. Therefor, it is significant to study the casting mould vibration devices. On the bassis of the development of mould vibration technology, the dynamics characteristics of the Dynaflex hydraulic vibration system is studied combineding with the study contents of renovation project in casting mold vibration system of continuous cast billets of electric furnace factory of Hang Zhou Iron &Steel Co.,Ltd. The study is put emphasis upon several parts:
(1) The vibration mechanism of sine wave vibration and non-sine wave vibration used in casting mould at home and abroad are analyzed and discussed ,and the influence of casting mould by vibration basis parameters and process parameters are studied. The Relationship between amplitude,frequency and withdrawal speed and the selection of vibration basis parameters and process parameters are discussed.
(2) Combining with the Constructing method of hydraulic servo control system, the principle work of Dynaflex hydraulic servo control system is studied based on the composition, characteristics and the control way of the casting mold Dynaflex hydraulic vibration system.
(3) On the basis of the analysis and comparation on the normal way of the construction model of hydraulic system, the mathematic model is built. According to the mathematics model of casting mould hydraulic servo control system, the framework elementary diagram of the casting mould hydraulic servo control system with the SIMULINK module of MATLAB is constructed, and the simulation model of Dynaflex hydraulic servo control system is built. Through the anylisis and study of simulation model, the simulation curve of system main controlled variable is obtained. The performance of the casting mould non-sine vibration influenced by the change of the main parameters is probed. So the quality, such as stability, quickness and accuracy of the servo control system of Dynaflex hydraulic vibration system are further studied.
(4) The necessity of setting up vibration on-line monitoring system was analyzed, and the design proposal of the vibration on-line monitoring system was studied. Then the functions of the monitoring system software were decided.
The results of dynamic characteristic analysis based on the mathematics model of casting mould hydraulic servo control system and simulation of the system will provide the foundation for the improvements to the continuous caster, optimization of the control system scheme and the adjustment of process parameters. It also will provide theoretic guidance for the vibration mechanism using high frequency and short stroke oscillation amplitude according to the classification of converter steel grades in the electric furnace factory of Hang Zhou Iron &Steel Co.,Ltd..
本文在综述结晶器振动技术发展基础上,结合杭钢集团电炉厂方坯连铸机结晶器振动系统项目改造的内容,着重研究结晶器Dynaflex液压振动系统的动态特性。论文主要进行以下方面的工作:
1、分析和讨论国内外结晶器正弦振动和非正弦振动方式的振动机理,研究振动基本参数和工艺参数对结晶器的影响,探讨振幅、频率和拉速的匹配关系,以及基本参数和工艺参数的选择。
2、在全面分析结晶器Dynaflex液压振动系统组成、特点及其控制方式基础上,结合液压伺服控制系统的建模方法,研究Dynaflex液压振动系统的工作原理。
3、在分析和比较液压伺服控制系统常见建模方法基础上,建立系统数学模型。根据建立的振动系统数学模型,借助于MATLAB软件中的SIMULINK软件包建立结晶器振动位置伺服控制系统方框原理图,构建Dynaflex液压振动系统的系统仿真模型。通过对仿真模型的分析研究,得到系统主控变量的仿真曲线,探讨主要参数变化对结晶器非正弦振动系统性能影响,进而研究Dynaflex液压振动系统的稳定性、快速性和准确性等伺服控制系统的品质要求。
4、分析建立方坯连铸机结晶器振动在线监测系统的必要性,研究振动在线监测系统的设计方案,确定软件系统功能。
研究表明,对结晶器Dynaflex液压伺服振动系统进行建模,并对系统的动态特性进行仿真研究,为电炉厂方坯连铸机结晶器非正弦振动装置的改进、自动控制系统的优化以及工艺参数的在线调整提供决策依据,也为电炉厂根据钢种要求进行高频小幅振动提供理论指导。
Casting mould is the forming equipment of ingot blank in continuous casting, and casting mould is one of the key devices of continuous casting machine. The normal production process , quality and quantity of the ingot blank are directly ifluenced by the status of continuous casting mold vibration system. Therefor, it is significant to study the casting mould vibration devices. On the bassis of the development of mould vibration technology, the dynamics characteristics of the Dynaflex hydraulic vibration system is studied combineding with the study contents of renovation project in casting mold vibration system of continuous cast billets of electric furnace factory of Hang Zhou Iron &Steel Co.,Ltd. The study is put emphasis upon several parts:
(1) The vibration mechanism of sine wave vibration and non-sine wave vibration used in casting mould at home and abroad are analyzed and discussed ,and the influence of casting mould by vibration basis parameters and process parameters are studied. The Relationship between amplitude,frequency and withdrawal speed and the selection of vibration basis parameters and process parameters are discussed.
(2) Combining with the Constructing method of hydraulic servo control system, the principle work of Dynaflex hydraulic servo control system is studied based on the composition, characteristics and the control way of the casting mold Dynaflex hydraulic vibration system.
(3) On the basis of the analysis and comparation on the normal way of the construction model of hydraulic system, the mathematic model is built. According to the mathematics model of casting mould hydraulic servo control system, the framework elementary diagram of the casting mould hydraulic servo control system with the SIMULINK module of MATLAB is constructed, and the simulation model of Dynaflex hydraulic servo control system is built. Through the anylisis and study of simulation model, the simulation curve of system main controlled variable is obtained. The performance of the casting mould non-sine vibration influenced by the change of the main parameters is probed. So the quality, such as stability, quickness and accuracy of the servo control system of Dynaflex hydraulic vibration system are further studied.
(4) The necessity of setting up vibration on-line monitoring system was analyzed, and the design proposal of the vibration on-line monitoring system was studied. Then the functions of the monitoring system software were decided.
The results of dynamic characteristic analysis based on the mathematics model of casting mould hydraulic servo control system and simulation of the system will provide the foundation for the improvements to the continuous caster, optimization of the control system scheme and the adjustment of process parameters. It also will provide theoretic guidance for the vibration mechanism using high frequency and short stroke oscillation amplitude according to the classification of converter steel grades in the electric furnace factory of Hang Zhou Iron &Steel Co.,Ltd..
引文
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[9]周小华.DYNAFLEX液压振动技术的应用.浙江冶金,2006,(2):14～16
[10] E.S.Szekeres(美).连铸中结晶器振动的综述.大重科技,1996,,4::54～63
[11]刘和平,仇圣桃,张慧等.机械实现的非正弦振动装置在方坯铸机上的应用..钢铁,2002, 37(7)
[12]贺江南.转炉板坯连铸机结晶器振动系统改造.江苏冶金,2005,33(4):39～40
[13]江中块,程乃良.结晶器非正弦振动在高效板坯连铸机上的应用.炼钢,2005,21(6):1～4
[14]王志刚,李友荣.结晶器非正弦振动研究.机械传动,2002,26(4):10～13
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[16] Edward S. Overview of Mold Oscillation in Continuous Casting. Iron and Steel Engineer,1996 (7): 29-37
[17]杨文志,苏凤岐,陈宏杰.太钢不锈炼钢厂连铸机结晶器振动测试及分析.包头钢铁学院学报,2003,22(1):59～63
[18]许翊鸣.连铸结晶器的振动参数与误差分析及应用实例.上海应用技术学院学报,2002,2(4):291～296
[19]任学平,杨志文,苏凤歧.连铸机结晶器动态位移在线测试及分析.自动化仪表,2004,25(10):41～43
[20]陈志新,王亚篮.结晶器振动偏移和相位差的在线检测与计算方法.测控技术,2002,19(12):14～16
[21]王昌绪,王新华,王万军.提高连铸结晶器振动频率、减少振幅改善铸坯质量的研究.钢铁,2001,28(1):19～23
[22]马富平,张玉军,胡黎宁.结晶器振动参数优化的探索与实践.河北冶金,2005,(3):8～9
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[25]李宪奎,吴晓明,方一鸣等.构造结晶器非正弦振动波形函数的方法.机械工程学报,2000,36(1): 67～70
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