西部承接产业转移与产业结构优化升级研究
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摘要
改革开放三十多年,中国在经济发展方面取得巨大成就,特别是东部沿海地区的发展成就显著。这一方面是源于在经济领域的改革,另一方面是来自于对外开放,即我国东部地区承接了来自港澳台、以及国外的来料加工型的出口导向型的产业转移,加快了资金、技术和人才的积累,实现了经济的快速发展。我国西部地区虽然经过前十年的开发,但是总体上“基础设施落后,生态环境脆弱,经济结构不合理,自我发展能力不强”的状态尚未实现根本改变,与东部发达地区发展水平差距依然在扩大。缩小东西部发展差距需要在东部促进不断发展的同时,要使得西部以高于东部的速度加快发展。西部要实现跨越式的发展,是否可以借助东部发展的模式呢?依据当前我国所处国内外经济形势,特别是随着美国次贷金融危机滞后效应和积重难返的欧债危机的持续发酵,陷入全球金融危机和欧债危机泥潭的西方发达国家经济的复苏将是一个较为漫长的时期,中国依靠出口拉动经济发展的时代已经过去,唯有转变发展思路,调整经济结构,大力发展内向型经济。同时,我国内部区域之间的产业转移潮已经来临,一方面,东部由于要素资源禀赋的约束和经济转型的需要,面临加快产业转移的需要；另一方面,东西部之间存在产业梯度位势,西部拥有丰富的资源优势,因此,西部需要也必须通过承接产业转移来推进工业化进程,加快经济发展。
中国经济的高速增长却伴随着经济结构失衡的问题,这是影响着中国经济增长质量和可持续发展的问题。中国经济面临转型,从外向型向内需型转变,从粗放式、投资驱动型的产业发展路径向集约型、的新型现代化工业路径的转变。在推进西部工业化的过程中,特别需要思考经济发展落后的西部地区如何在欠发展或发展不足中实现结构调整和发展方式的转变,同时还要面临西部生态环境日渐脆弱和承载力弱的约束。因此,中国西部就有了推进产业结构优化升级的紧迫性和必要性。随着西部工业化进程加快,如何在承接产业转移中实现西部的产业结构优化升级,缩小东、西部之间的差距,不仅是一个重大的理论课题,更是一个重大的现实课题。关于西部承接产业转移与产业结构优化升级路径的命题摆在了学术理论界和实践部门的面前,成为当前需要积极思考和实践的理论和现实命题。这是选择“西部地区承接产业转移与产业结构优化升级研究”的背景。
本论文以当前我国正在加快的东西部产业转移实践和经济结构调整要求为背景,应用理论模型分析与案例方法,对我国西部地区承接产业转移与产业结构优化升级的内在机制、路径研究,并结合我国西部的现实基础和条件提出了相关对策建议。
本论文主要内容分为4个部分6个章节：
第一章是绪论,简述了论文的研究背景与意义、研究思路与方法。
第二章是文献综述,梳理产业转移理论、技术创新扩散与产业结构升级相关理论基础与国内外相关研究文献。
第三章是论文的理论研究部分,分析产业转移创新力推动产业结构优化升级的内在机制,主要包含两方面的内容：一是通过技术创新扩散理论与对技术的次级创新过程阐释了以技术创新为核心的产业转移创新力形成过程；二是以微观经济学的厂商理论作为基础,以宏观经济增长理论模型作为理论分析框架,建立技术创新-产业升级模型对创新力与产业升级之间的内在机制与演变路径进行了研究。产业转移创新力推动产业升级：产业内创新者研发新技术(或开发新的管理制度),极大地提高了创新者自身的盈利水平和产出效率,并引致产业内的其它厂商加快对技术模仿或加大了对自身研发劳动和研究资金的投入,进而实现对技术创新者的技术水平追赶；产业升级的基本路径为：产业内“创新—模仿—创新”的技术追赶模式推动了产业内不同技术水平厂商的技术水平趋同和整个产业的产出效率水平提升,整个产业由最初较低的效率水平逐渐演进到较高效率水平,进而实现产业升级；从产业转移的动力机制、产业转移对技术创新的影响等分析了区域产业结构优化升级路径选择。
第四章是研究西部承接产业转移推进产业结构优化升级路径：(1)分析西部承接产业转移的机遇、挑战与优劣势。(2)分析西部地区承接产业类型选择,主要内容包括对西部发展模式选择、东部产业转移类型分析、西部地区的产业优势与产业吸引力等方面分析基础上对西部如何选择承接产业类型和承接产业转移推进产业结构优化升级的内容做了深入研究,包括承接产业转移与技术进步、承接产业转移与产业结构协调、承接产业转移与区域发展协调、承接产业转移与生态环境保护。
第五章是案例分析。论文以一个四川承接产业转移情况、创新能力与产业结构变化状况进行分析,可以明显看到四川在承接产业转移的几年里技术创新能力的提高,产业升级,产业结构得到优化提高。
第六章,西部承接产业转移与产业结构优化升级相关政策建议。主要内容：
(1)明确西部产业结构优化升级目标；(2)需要制定西部不同层次和类型发展规划,这样为西部承接产业转移提供指导,避免盲目承接和区域之间的无序和恶性竞争；(3)完善优化西部制度环境。西部作为我国经济发展不足的地区,计划经济时代留下的烙印还是比较深的,需要进一步的加快市场化建设,以市场手段配置资源可以更好地提高资源的配置效率；转换西部地区政府职能。(4)改善西部承接产业转移的基础条件：进一步改善西部的基础设施、加快构建西部承接产业转移的载体；(5)西部承接产业转移主要措施：产业集群为承接纽带、区域对口合作、积极主动招商；(6)制定并完善相关政策保障体系：制定支持西部产业发展的政策、促进西部承接产业转移的投融资政策、制定服务西部的科技、教育和人才政策、促进产业结构优化升级的财税政策。本论文的主要观点：
1、以技术进步的扩散为主要内容的产业转移创新力通过内生性地推进产业承接地产业升级。
2、西部承接产业转移推进产业结构优化升级的路径是：依据西部地区内部不同的优势和基础,在产业承接中需要以技术先进性为先导,保持承接产业与本地的产业之间协调发展、区域之间协调发展以及生态环境和谐发展,推进产业结构优化升级。
3、西部地区内部条件差异很大,面对不同的产业转移类型,不同区域承接产业类型选择是不同的。(1)从产业转移动因类型来看,考虑区域自身的经济发展基础、资源环境、劳动力情况等相关因素,根据其经济发展的需要,选择承接适宜于本地区产业类型：在发达地区条件好的地方承接延伸性产业转移,从高端承接入手,推动区域产业结构的优化升级；对于资源优势突出的地方以主导性产业转移带动配套性产业转移,优化区域产业结构；对于本身产业基础较弱,但有广阔市场空间的地区,可以承接市场扩展性或配套性产业转移。(2)从东部产业转移类型趋势和西部产业吸引力分析来看,对于科技基础较好,创新能力强的地区,适宜承接具有较高技术支持的产业,即主要适合承接加工深化技术密集型的产业；对于产业基础好、环境承载能力强的地区,可以加大制造业的承接力度,通过承接适宜本地发展的产业(本地产业可以为之提供产业协作或配套),即主要是加工深化资本型的产业,并通过延伸产业链,获得产业发展；对于限制开发区的生态环境,需要在生态环境可接受的范围内,承接适宜本地资源开发的产业,即主要承接资源禀赋深加工型的产业,通过资源深加工,提升资源的附加值；对于部分地区拥有资源禀赋,或者需要保障本地产业发展的原材料或能源,则可以适当选择承接资源初级加工型产业。
4、通过对四川省最近几年的数据进行分析后认为,四川在积极承接国内外产业转移中获得技术溢出效应,推进工业化进程与工业内部的产业升级,进而促进了产业结构调整升级。
本论文创新点如下：
1、在工业内部进行一个新的产业分类。为了研究产业升级内在机制,基于要素密集度、加工深度和产业间技术关联等因素对工业内部进行了产业分类。将我国国民经济统计之中的工业中39类细分行业分别划归为四个产业类型：资源禀赋初级型、资源禀赋加工型、加工深化资本型、加工深化技术型。
2、提出产业转移创新力的概念。本文认为产业转移因为技术扩散会对产业承接带来技术创新、观念更新、并可以从转入企业“学习”到先进的管理经验和经营诀窍。这些构成了产业转移创新力的内涵。并以技术创新扩散理论和次级创新过程分析了产业转移创新力的形成过程。
3、建立产业转移创新力-产业升级模型。在内生经济增长理论框架下,建立产业转移创新力-产业升级模型,并以此模型解释产业升级的途径。
In the latest thirties years of reforming and open-up,china get great achievement in economic development,especially the eastern coastal areas in china develope rapidly,which originates from reforming in economic field and from opening to the outside world.that is to say the eastern areas in china undertake industrial transfer which comes from Hongkong、Macao、Taiwan as well as the processing of export oriented from abroad,which accelerated capital,technology and talent accumulation, realize the rapid development of economy. Although China's western region has been developed for ten years, but generally "infrastructure is backward, zoology environment is weak, economic structure is unreasonable, ego development capacity is not strong"the state has not yet changed fundamentally, the gap is enlarging comparing with the eastern developed area.Narrow difference of development between east and west needs in the east to promote continuous development at the same time, to make the western than the eastern faster development.The West wants implementation to span type development, whether can use the eastern development pattern? On the basis of current our country located domestic and international economic situation, especially with the United States sub-loan financial crisis lag and besetting the European debt crisis of continuous fermentation, western developed country which is in the global financial crisis and the debt crisis recover its economic will be a long time, China's export-driven economy era has in the past, only depends on changing the train of development, the adjustment of economic structure, vigorously develop the introversion economy. At the same time, our country internal regional industrial transfer boom has come, on one hand, the eastern elements due to the constraint of resource endowment and economic needs, be faced with accelerate the needs of industrial transfer; on the other hand, industry gradient potential exists between east and west in china, the western have the advantage of rich resources, therefore, the west must undertake the transfer of industries to advance industrialized process, accelerate development of economy
China's rapid economic growth is accompanied by the unbalance of the economic structure issue, it is affecting the quality of economic growth in China and the problems of sustainable development. China economy faces transition, from export-oriented to domestic demand change, from the extensive type, investment driven industry development path to intensive, a new modern industrial path transformation.In the industrialized process in the west in china, especially thinking about the backward economic development in underdeveloped western how does the area or lack of development to achieve structural adjustment and the change of the mode of development, while also facing the western ecological environment which is fragile and weak bearing capacity constraint. Therefore,it is urgency and necessity that China has to advance industrial structure to optimize and upgrade.Along with the accelerating process of industrialization, how to undertake the industrial transfer in the implementation of western industrial structure to optimize upgrade, to narrow the difference between east and western, is not only an important theoretical problem, but also a significant practical issue. About western undertake industrial transfer and industrial structure optimization and upgrading path proposition being in academic theory bound and practice branch, become proposition of theoretical and practical which we need positive thinking and practice currently. This is the background of " western region to undertake the industrial transfer and industrial structure optimization and upgrading"
In this paper,industry transfer practice between the east and the west and the requirement of economic structural adjustment is the research background,the theory of model analysis and case method is applied, relevant countermeasures suggestion to undertake industrial transfer and industrial structure optimization and upgrading mechanism, path research, combined with China's western realistic foundation and condition to our country western area be put forward.
The main content of this thesis is divided into4parts with6chapters:
The first chapter is the introduction, describes the research background and significance, research ideas and methods.
The second chapter is literature review, combing the theory of industry transfer, technology innovation diffusion and upgrading of the industrial structure and other related literatures both at home and abroad.
The third chapter is the part of theoretical research,the internal mechanism of analysis for the innovation creativity of industry transfer to promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, mainly includes two aspects: one is explains for industry transfer creativity with the core of the innovation forming process through technological innovation, technical innovation diffusion theory and the technology of secondary innovation process; another is the use of micro economics theory as the basis, with the macro model of economic growth theory as theoretical framework, build technical innovation-Industrial Upgrading Model of innovation and industrial upgrading between intrinsic mechanism and evolution path of. The innovation creativity of industry transfer to promote industrial upgrading:new technology research and development for industry innovators (or the new management system development), greatly improves the innovator's profit level and production efficiency, and lead the other manufacturers to accelerate technology imitation of industry or increase funding of its research and development, and then realize the technological innovation technological level chase; industrial upgrading path:basic industry " innovation--innovation of imitation" of technological catching-up mode to promote the industrial technology level in different manufacturers technical level convergence and whole industry output efficiency level, the whole industry from the initial lower efficiency levels gradually evolved into the higher level of efficiency, and then realize the upgrading of industries; from the industrial transfer, industrial transfer on the impact of technological innovation on the optimization of regional industrial structure upgrading
The fourth chapter is the study of the western industrial transfer to advance industrial structure to optimize upgrade path:(1) analysis of the western undertake industrial transfer opportunities, challenges and advantages and disadvantages.(2) the analysis of the western region industry to undertake the type selection, main content includes to western development mode is selected, the eastern industrial transfer type analysis, western region industry advantage and industry attractiveness and analysis based on western how to choose to undertake industrial types and undertaking industry transfer to advance industrial structure to optimize upgrade content was studied, including the to undertake the transfer of industries and technological progress, and undertake the industrial transfer and industrial structure coordination, to undertake the transfer of industries and regional coordinate development, undertake the industrial transfer and ecological environment protection
The fifth chapter is the analysis of the case. This paper gives a Sichuan to undertake the transfer of industries, innovation ability and the state of industrial structure change to carry on the analysis, we can obviously see Sichuan in undertaking industrial transfer for several years to improve the capability of technology innovation, industry upgrades, industrial structure optimization.
The sixth chapter, the western undertake industrial transfer and industrial structure to optimize upgrade relevant policy recommendations. Main content:(1) clear the target of industrial structure optimization and upgrading for the western;(2) need to be developed in different levels and types of development planning, such as the west to undertake the transfer of industries to provide guidance to avoid the blind to undertake, and between regions of the disordered and vicious competition;(3) improve the optimization of western institutional environment. Western China's economic development as underserved areas, planned economy times imprint is quite deep, need to further accelerate market construction, by the means of market configuration resource can better improve the efficiency of resource allocation; conversion of western governmental function.(4) to improve basic conditions for the west to undertake industry:further improve the infrastructure, accelerate the construction of western undertaking industrial transfer carrier;(5) the west to undertake the industry transfer main measures: industrial cluster, regional cooperation, to undertake a bond initiative recruit business;(6) make and perfect relevant policy guarantee system:developed to support the western industrial development policy, promote western industrial transfer to cast financing policy, develop service western science and technology, education and talent policy, promoting the industrial structure optimization and upgrading of the fiscal and taxation policy.
The viewpoint of this paper:
1, The innovation creativity of industry transfer, with technology progress of diffusion as the main content of the, advance industrial upgrading in industry undertaking area by the endogenous way.
2, The path for undertaking industry transfer to advance industrial structure to optimize and upgrade is:according to the different advantages of western area inside, it is the guid that to undertake advanced technology,to keep the coordinated development between industry in local and undertaking industry,to keep the coordinated development between regional coordinated development and the ecological environment harmonious development,and to promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.
3,The conditions in western area vary, with different types in different regions to undertake the industry transfer, industrial type selection are different.(1) from industrial transfer motivation types, considering the region's economic development, resources and environment foundation, the labour force and other related factors, according to the needs of economic development, choose to undertake suitable for local industrial types:in the developed areas of the place with good condition to undertake the extension of industry transfer, from high-end undertake proceed with, drive region the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure; for the resource dominant position is prominent place to the dominant industry move drives supporting industrial transfer, optimization of regional industrial structure; for its industrial foundation is weak, but has a vast market space area, can undertake market expansion or supporting industrial transfer.(2) from the eastern industrial transfer type trend and western industry attractiveness analysis point of view, for the science and technology foundation of good, strong innovation ability of regions, suitable to undertake higher technical support to the industry, which is mainly suitable for processing undertake deepening technology intensive industry; the industry foundation, environmental carrying capacity is strong, can increase the manufacturing industry the undertaking efforts, through undertaking for local industrial development (local industry can provide the industry cooperation or supporting), which is the main processing of deepening capital of the industry, and through the extension of industrial chain, won the industry development; to limit development zone ecological environment, need in ecological environment within an acceptable range, to undertake appropriate the local resources development industry, mainly to undertake resource deep processing industry, through the deep processing of resources, promote resource value; for some regions with resource gift, or need to protect local industry raw material or energy, can be appropriately selected to undertake resource for primary processing industry.
4,Through data analysis of the Sichuan Province in recent years,author think that Sichuan actively undertake domestic and foreign industrial transfer to get technology spillover effect, and promote the process of industrialization and industrial upgrade, thus promoting the adjustment and upgrade of industrial structure.
The innovation of this paper is as follows:
1, A new industrial classification of industry. In order to study the internal mechanism of industrial upgrading,industrial classification based on the factor intensity, deep of processing and technology association of industry. In39industry segments to china's national economic statistics four types were classified as:type of primary industry resources, type of resources deepen processing, type of processing and deepening capital,type of deepen processing and technology
2, Put forward the concept of force of innovation of industry transfer. This paper argues that the industry transfer because the technology diffusion of industry to undertake technical innovation, bring updating concept, and can be transferred to the enterprise from" learning" to the advanced management experience and management know-how. These constitute the connotation of innovation of industry transfer. And technology innovation diffusion theory and the secondary innovation process analysis of the innovation of industry transfer force forming process
3, The establishment of industrial transfer innovation and industrial upgrading model. Endogenous economic growth theory under the framework of the establishment of industrial transfer, innovation and industrial upgrade model, and this model explains the train of industrial upgrading.
中国经济的高速增长却伴随着经济结构失衡的问题,这是影响着中国经济增长质量和可持续发展的问题。中国经济面临转型,从外向型向内需型转变,从粗放式、投资驱动型的产业发展路径向集约型、的新型现代化工业路径的转变。在推进西部工业化的过程中,特别需要思考经济发展落后的西部地区如何在欠发展或发展不足中实现结构调整和发展方式的转变,同时还要面临西部生态环境日渐脆弱和承载力弱的约束。因此,中国西部就有了推进产业结构优化升级的紧迫性和必要性。随着西部工业化进程加快,如何在承接产业转移中实现西部的产业结构优化升级,缩小东、西部之间的差距,不仅是一个重大的理论课题,更是一个重大的现实课题。关于西部承接产业转移与产业结构优化升级路径的命题摆在了学术理论界和实践部门的面前,成为当前需要积极思考和实践的理论和现实命题。这是选择“西部地区承接产业转移与产业结构优化升级研究”的背景。
本论文以当前我国正在加快的东西部产业转移实践和经济结构调整要求为背景,应用理论模型分析与案例方法,对我国西部地区承接产业转移与产业结构优化升级的内在机制、路径研究,并结合我国西部的现实基础和条件提出了相关对策建议。
本论文主要内容分为4个部分6个章节：
第一章是绪论,简述了论文的研究背景与意义、研究思路与方法。
第二章是文献综述,梳理产业转移理论、技术创新扩散与产业结构升级相关理论基础与国内外相关研究文献。
第三章是论文的理论研究部分,分析产业转移创新力推动产业结构优化升级的内在机制,主要包含两方面的内容：一是通过技术创新扩散理论与对技术的次级创新过程阐释了以技术创新为核心的产业转移创新力形成过程；二是以微观经济学的厂商理论作为基础,以宏观经济增长理论模型作为理论分析框架,建立技术创新-产业升级模型对创新力与产业升级之间的内在机制与演变路径进行了研究。产业转移创新力推动产业升级：产业内创新者研发新技术(或开发新的管理制度),极大地提高了创新者自身的盈利水平和产出效率,并引致产业内的其它厂商加快对技术模仿或加大了对自身研发劳动和研究资金的投入,进而实现对技术创新者的技术水平追赶；产业升级的基本路径为：产业内“创新—模仿—创新”的技术追赶模式推动了产业内不同技术水平厂商的技术水平趋同和整个产业的产出效率水平提升,整个产业由最初较低的效率水平逐渐演进到较高效率水平,进而实现产业升级；从产业转移的动力机制、产业转移对技术创新的影响等分析了区域产业结构优化升级路径选择。
第四章是研究西部承接产业转移推进产业结构优化升级路径：(1)分析西部承接产业转移的机遇、挑战与优劣势。(2)分析西部地区承接产业类型选择,主要内容包括对西部发展模式选择、东部产业转移类型分析、西部地区的产业优势与产业吸引力等方面分析基础上对西部如何选择承接产业类型和承接产业转移推进产业结构优化升级的内容做了深入研究,包括承接产业转移与技术进步、承接产业转移与产业结构协调、承接产业转移与区域发展协调、承接产业转移与生态环境保护。
第五章是案例分析。论文以一个四川承接产业转移情况、创新能力与产业结构变化状况进行分析,可以明显看到四川在承接产业转移的几年里技术创新能力的提高,产业升级,产业结构得到优化提高。
第六章,西部承接产业转移与产业结构优化升级相关政策建议。主要内容：
(1)明确西部产业结构优化升级目标；(2)需要制定西部不同层次和类型发展规划,这样为西部承接产业转移提供指导,避免盲目承接和区域之间的无序和恶性竞争；(3)完善优化西部制度环境。西部作为我国经济发展不足的地区,计划经济时代留下的烙印还是比较深的,需要进一步的加快市场化建设,以市场手段配置资源可以更好地提高资源的配置效率；转换西部地区政府职能。(4)改善西部承接产业转移的基础条件：进一步改善西部的基础设施、加快构建西部承接产业转移的载体；(5)西部承接产业转移主要措施：产业集群为承接纽带、区域对口合作、积极主动招商；(6)制定并完善相关政策保障体系：制定支持西部产业发展的政策、促进西部承接产业转移的投融资政策、制定服务西部的科技、教育和人才政策、促进产业结构优化升级的财税政策。本论文的主要观点：
1、以技术进步的扩散为主要内容的产业转移创新力通过内生性地推进产业承接地产业升级。
2、西部承接产业转移推进产业结构优化升级的路径是：依据西部地区内部不同的优势和基础,在产业承接中需要以技术先进性为先导,保持承接产业与本地的产业之间协调发展、区域之间协调发展以及生态环境和谐发展,推进产业结构优化升级。
3、西部地区内部条件差异很大,面对不同的产业转移类型,不同区域承接产业类型选择是不同的。(1)从产业转移动因类型来看,考虑区域自身的经济发展基础、资源环境、劳动力情况等相关因素,根据其经济发展的需要,选择承接适宜于本地区产业类型：在发达地区条件好的地方承接延伸性产业转移,从高端承接入手,推动区域产业结构的优化升级；对于资源优势突出的地方以主导性产业转移带动配套性产业转移,优化区域产业结构；对于本身产业基础较弱,但有广阔市场空间的地区,可以承接市场扩展性或配套性产业转移。(2)从东部产业转移类型趋势和西部产业吸引力分析来看,对于科技基础较好,创新能力强的地区,适宜承接具有较高技术支持的产业,即主要适合承接加工深化技术密集型的产业；对于产业基础好、环境承载能力强的地区,可以加大制造业的承接力度,通过承接适宜本地发展的产业(本地产业可以为之提供产业协作或配套),即主要是加工深化资本型的产业,并通过延伸产业链,获得产业发展；对于限制开发区的生态环境,需要在生态环境可接受的范围内,承接适宜本地资源开发的产业,即主要承接资源禀赋深加工型的产业,通过资源深加工,提升资源的附加值；对于部分地区拥有资源禀赋,或者需要保障本地产业发展的原材料或能源,则可以适当选择承接资源初级加工型产业。
4、通过对四川省最近几年的数据进行分析后认为,四川在积极承接国内外产业转移中获得技术溢出效应,推进工业化进程与工业内部的产业升级,进而促进了产业结构调整升级。
本论文创新点如下：
1、在工业内部进行一个新的产业分类。为了研究产业升级内在机制,基于要素密集度、加工深度和产业间技术关联等因素对工业内部进行了产业分类。将我国国民经济统计之中的工业中39类细分行业分别划归为四个产业类型：资源禀赋初级型、资源禀赋加工型、加工深化资本型、加工深化技术型。
2、提出产业转移创新力的概念。本文认为产业转移因为技术扩散会对产业承接带来技术创新、观念更新、并可以从转入企业“学习”到先进的管理经验和经营诀窍。这些构成了产业转移创新力的内涵。并以技术创新扩散理论和次级创新过程分析了产业转移创新力的形成过程。
3、建立产业转移创新力-产业升级模型。在内生经济增长理论框架下,建立产业转移创新力-产业升级模型,并以此模型解释产业升级的途径。
In the latest thirties years of reforming and open-up,china get great achievement in economic development,especially the eastern coastal areas in china develope rapidly,which originates from reforming in economic field and from opening to the outside world.that is to say the eastern areas in china undertake industrial transfer which comes from Hongkong、Macao、Taiwan as well as the processing of export oriented from abroad,which accelerated capital,technology and talent accumulation, realize the rapid development of economy. Although China's western region has been developed for ten years, but generally "infrastructure is backward, zoology environment is weak, economic structure is unreasonable, ego development capacity is not strong"the state has not yet changed fundamentally, the gap is enlarging comparing with the eastern developed area.Narrow difference of development between east and west needs in the east to promote continuous development at the same time, to make the western than the eastern faster development.The West wants implementation to span type development, whether can use the eastern development pattern? On the basis of current our country located domestic and international economic situation, especially with the United States sub-loan financial crisis lag and besetting the European debt crisis of continuous fermentation, western developed country which is in the global financial crisis and the debt crisis recover its economic will be a long time, China's export-driven economy era has in the past, only depends on changing the train of development, the adjustment of economic structure, vigorously develop the introversion economy. At the same time, our country internal regional industrial transfer boom has come, on one hand, the eastern elements due to the constraint of resource endowment and economic needs, be faced with accelerate the needs of industrial transfer; on the other hand, industry gradient potential exists between east and west in china, the western have the advantage of rich resources, therefore, the west must undertake the transfer of industries to advance industrialized process, accelerate development of economy
China's rapid economic growth is accompanied by the unbalance of the economic structure issue, it is affecting the quality of economic growth in China and the problems of sustainable development. China economy faces transition, from export-oriented to domestic demand change, from the extensive type, investment driven industry development path to intensive, a new modern industrial path transformation.In the industrialized process in the west in china, especially thinking about the backward economic development in underdeveloped western how does the area or lack of development to achieve structural adjustment and the change of the mode of development, while also facing the western ecological environment which is fragile and weak bearing capacity constraint. Therefore,it is urgency and necessity that China has to advance industrial structure to optimize and upgrade.Along with the accelerating process of industrialization, how to undertake the industrial transfer in the implementation of western industrial structure to optimize upgrade, to narrow the difference between east and western, is not only an important theoretical problem, but also a significant practical issue. About western undertake industrial transfer and industrial structure optimization and upgrading path proposition being in academic theory bound and practice branch, become proposition of theoretical and practical which we need positive thinking and practice currently. This is the background of " western region to undertake the industrial transfer and industrial structure optimization and upgrading"
In this paper,industry transfer practice between the east and the west and the requirement of economic structural adjustment is the research background,the theory of model analysis and case method is applied, relevant countermeasures suggestion to undertake industrial transfer and industrial structure optimization and upgrading mechanism, path research, combined with China's western realistic foundation and condition to our country western area be put forward.
The main content of this thesis is divided into4parts with6chapters:
The first chapter is the introduction, describes the research background and significance, research ideas and methods.
The second chapter is literature review, combing the theory of industry transfer, technology innovation diffusion and upgrading of the industrial structure and other related literatures both at home and abroad.
The third chapter is the part of theoretical research,the internal mechanism of analysis for the innovation creativity of industry transfer to promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, mainly includes two aspects: one is explains for industry transfer creativity with the core of the innovation forming process through technological innovation, technical innovation diffusion theory and the technology of secondary innovation process; another is the use of micro economics theory as the basis, with the macro model of economic growth theory as theoretical framework, build technical innovation-Industrial Upgrading Model of innovation and industrial upgrading between intrinsic mechanism and evolution path of. The innovation creativity of industry transfer to promote industrial upgrading:new technology research and development for industry innovators (or the new management system development), greatly improves the innovator's profit level and production efficiency, and lead the other manufacturers to accelerate technology imitation of industry or increase funding of its research and development, and then realize the technological innovation technological level chase; industrial upgrading path:basic industry " innovation--innovation of imitation" of technological catching-up mode to promote the industrial technology level in different manufacturers technical level convergence and whole industry output efficiency level, the whole industry from the initial lower efficiency levels gradually evolved into the higher level of efficiency, and then realize the upgrading of industries; from the industrial transfer, industrial transfer on the impact of technological innovation on the optimization of regional industrial structure upgrading
The fourth chapter is the study of the western industrial transfer to advance industrial structure to optimize upgrade path:(1) analysis of the western undertake industrial transfer opportunities, challenges and advantages and disadvantages.(2) the analysis of the western region industry to undertake the type selection, main content includes to western development mode is selected, the eastern industrial transfer type analysis, western region industry advantage and industry attractiveness and analysis based on western how to choose to undertake industrial types and undertaking industry transfer to advance industrial structure to optimize upgrade content was studied, including the to undertake the transfer of industries and technological progress, and undertake the industrial transfer and industrial structure coordination, to undertake the transfer of industries and regional coordinate development, undertake the industrial transfer and ecological environment protection
The fifth chapter is the analysis of the case. This paper gives a Sichuan to undertake the transfer of industries, innovation ability and the state of industrial structure change to carry on the analysis, we can obviously see Sichuan in undertaking industrial transfer for several years to improve the capability of technology innovation, industry upgrades, industrial structure optimization.
The sixth chapter, the western undertake industrial transfer and industrial structure to optimize upgrade relevant policy recommendations. Main content:(1) clear the target of industrial structure optimization and upgrading for the western;(2) need to be developed in different levels and types of development planning, such as the west to undertake the transfer of industries to provide guidance to avoid the blind to undertake, and between regions of the disordered and vicious competition;(3) improve the optimization of western institutional environment. Western China's economic development as underserved areas, planned economy times imprint is quite deep, need to further accelerate market construction, by the means of market configuration resource can better improve the efficiency of resource allocation; conversion of western governmental function.(4) to improve basic conditions for the west to undertake industry:further improve the infrastructure, accelerate the construction of western undertaking industrial transfer carrier;(5) the west to undertake the industry transfer main measures: industrial cluster, regional cooperation, to undertake a bond initiative recruit business;(6) make and perfect relevant policy guarantee system:developed to support the western industrial development policy, promote western industrial transfer to cast financing policy, develop service western science and technology, education and talent policy, promoting the industrial structure optimization and upgrading of the fiscal and taxation policy.
The viewpoint of this paper:
1, The innovation creativity of industry transfer, with technology progress of diffusion as the main content of the, advance industrial upgrading in industry undertaking area by the endogenous way.
2, The path for undertaking industry transfer to advance industrial structure to optimize and upgrade is:according to the different advantages of western area inside, it is the guid that to undertake advanced technology,to keep the coordinated development between industry in local and undertaking industry,to keep the coordinated development between regional coordinated development and the ecological environment harmonious development,and to promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.
3,The conditions in western area vary, with different types in different regions to undertake the industry transfer, industrial type selection are different.(1) from industrial transfer motivation types, considering the region's economic development, resources and environment foundation, the labour force and other related factors, according to the needs of economic development, choose to undertake suitable for local industrial types:in the developed areas of the place with good condition to undertake the extension of industry transfer, from high-end undertake proceed with, drive region the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure; for the resource dominant position is prominent place to the dominant industry move drives supporting industrial transfer, optimization of regional industrial structure; for its industrial foundation is weak, but has a vast market space area, can undertake market expansion or supporting industrial transfer.(2) from the eastern industrial transfer type trend and western industry attractiveness analysis point of view, for the science and technology foundation of good, strong innovation ability of regions, suitable to undertake higher technical support to the industry, which is mainly suitable for processing undertake deepening technology intensive industry; the industry foundation, environmental carrying capacity is strong, can increase the manufacturing industry the undertaking efforts, through undertaking for local industrial development (local industry can provide the industry cooperation or supporting), which is the main processing of deepening capital of the industry, and through the extension of industrial chain, won the industry development; to limit development zone ecological environment, need in ecological environment within an acceptable range, to undertake appropriate the local resources development industry, mainly to undertake resource deep processing industry, through the deep processing of resources, promote resource value; for some regions with resource gift, or need to protect local industry raw material or energy, can be appropriately selected to undertake resource for primary processing industry.
4,Through data analysis of the Sichuan Province in recent years,author think that Sichuan actively undertake domestic and foreign industrial transfer to get technology spillover effect, and promote the process of industrialization and industrial upgrade, thus promoting the adjustment and upgrade of industrial structure.
The innovation of this paper is as follows:
1, A new industrial classification of industry. In order to study the internal mechanism of industrial upgrading,industrial classification based on the factor intensity, deep of processing and technology association of industry. In39industry segments to china's national economic statistics four types were classified as:type of primary industry resources, type of resources deepen processing, type of processing and deepening capital,type of deepen processing and technology
2, Put forward the concept of force of innovation of industry transfer. This paper argues that the industry transfer because the technology diffusion of industry to undertake technical innovation, bring updating concept, and can be transferred to the enterprise from" learning" to the advanced management experience and management know-how. These constitute the connotation of innovation of industry transfer. And technology innovation diffusion theory and the secondary innovation process analysis of the innovation of industry transfer force forming process
3, The establishment of industrial transfer innovation and industrial upgrading model. Endogenous economic growth theory under the framework of the establishment of industrial transfer, innovation and industrial upgrade model, and this model explains the train of industrial upgrading.
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