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投资模式与企业价值关系的实证研究
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摘要
价值投资成为了现在证券投资的主流,如何从企业公开的财务信息中找到价值创造型企业进行投资是投资者们所关注的问题。文章从公司理财中的投资角度,分析投资模式与企业价值之间的关系。
     企业投资方向的选择是由企业产品战略所决定的,根据对财务报告中的主营业务构成分析,可以从产品的角度出发来研究企业的投资模式。根据产品集中度的高低,将企业投资模式分为四种类型:单一产品型投资模式、主导产品型投资模式、相关多元化投资模式和非相关多元化投资模式。从企业经营机理出发,指出主导产品型投资模式最有利于企业核心竞争力的构建,进而推动企业价值的持续增长。同样,从企业投资的角度来说,企业价值由两部分构成,即用金融健康性财务指标来衡量的企业由过去投资所形成的现在的价值和由企业现在投资所形成的未来的价值。文章引用我国上市公司的相关财务数据,利用构建的模型,计算了符合条件上市公司的企业价值,并实证我国上市公司投资模式与企业价值的关系,结果表明,我国上市公司的企业价值和投资模式专业化程度并不存在显著的回归关系,这主要是这些企业受我国特殊的外部制度环境影响所致。但外部的制度环境只在特定的时期、特定的条件下,使企业的多元化更容易带来价值的增长,但从长远的角度来说,专业化程度高的投资模式才是实现企业价值成长的根本,清华紫光案例分析正是对这一观点的有力证明。
This dissertation focuses on the relationship between the investment mode and corporate value from the view of the investment of corporate finance, based on the facts that value-focusing investment is acting as the mainstream in current securities investment, and discovering value-creating corporations as investment objectives is being attached great concerns to by investors.
    On the principle that investment directions are determined by the corporate product strategy, corporate investment modes can be classified by the centralization of product categories, the data of which can be obtained from corporate financial statements. According to this perspective, corporate investment modes can be sorted into 4 types as the following: investment mode single product, dominant product investment mode, relative diversification investment mode, and irrelative diversification investment mode. It is argued that dominant product investment mode is most favorable to the construction of corporate competence, which supports the sustained growth of corporate value. From the aspect of corporate investments, the corporate value comprises two sections: one is current value, produced by past investments and measured by healthy financial indexes, and the other is future value, produced by current investments and measured by growing financial indexes. In this paper, a quantitative model of financial inde
    xes is constructed to assess the corporate value of China's listed companies and is applied in the empirical research on the relationship between the investment mode and the corporate value. The research demonstrates that a noticeable regression doesn't exit between the listed companies' value and the centralization of investment mode, which is primarily caused by China's special institutional environment. However, only in a specific period and condition, can this environment make diversification apt to
    
    
    boost corporate value. In the long term run, the investment mode of high centralization lies as foundation of the corporate value, which is forcefully illustrated by the case study of Uniscan Ltd..
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