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野生大豆基因在拟南芥中高通量表达技术研究
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摘要
低温、干旱和盐碱是制约我国乃至世界农业生产的重大问题,提高作物的耐低温、干旱和盐碱能力,对于提高粮食产量、开发耕地资源、解决我国粮食问题具有重大的战略意义。
     近年来,随着分子生物学的飞速发展和转基因技术的日趋成熟,通过基因工程技术改良作物的抗渗透胁迫能力出现了良好的势头。阐明植物抗渗透胁迫的分子机理,从大量的渗透胁迫相关基因中找到“关键基因”,是作物抗渗透胁迫基因工程的重要前提。本研究通过构建与SMART技术相匹配的通用高效超量表达植物载体卡盒,研究并建立耐盐野生大豆全长cDNA超量表达文库的构建技术和抗渗透胁迫转基因植株筛选技术,为实现野生大豆基因在拟南芥中的随机超量表达,从中筛选抗渗透胁迫转基因植株并分离抗渗透胁迫基因奠定基础,为高通量、简便有效的筛选抗渗透胁迫基因探索一条新的途径。
     本研究的主要研究成果如下:
     1.与SMART技术相匹配的通用高效超量表达植物载体卡盒的构建
     构建了表达框两侧翼带有核基质结合区(MAR),由E12启动子调控的含有SfiA、SfiB克隆位点的通用高效植物表达载体卡盒pEMT-5。pEMT-5适用于构建应用SMART技术获得的全长cDNA的超量植物表达载体或超量表达文库。
     2.植物载体卡盒pEMT-5的功能验证
     将载体pEMT-5与其不含MAR的原始载体pBHT-5同时转化烟草,通过半定量RT-PCR及实时荧光定量PCR在转录水平分析005基因的表达。并通过实时荧光定量PCR实验,进行数据分析,结果表明转化质粒pEMT-5的烟草植株内005基因的转录表达水平是转化质粒pBHT-5的烟草植株内005基因表达的3.89倍,进一步验证了半定量RT-PCR实验结果。
     3.野生大豆全长cDNA超量表达文库构建技术的建立
     运用Clontech SMART~(TM)技术获得了两端带有SfiA、SfiB酶切位点的野生大豆渗透胁迫条件下的全长cDNA,将全长cDNA克隆于通用高效植物表达载体卡盒pEMT-5。电击法转化大肠杆菌DH5α,经质粒酶切鉴定,其重组率为96.29%。并文库滴度测定实验,计算出扩增前文库滴度为1.96×10~8 cfu/mL,扩增后文库滴度为2.0×10~(10) cfu/mL。同时利用三亲杂交法将cDNA文库转化根癌农杆菌LBA4404,构建了全长cDNA超量表达农杆菌文库,用于Floral dip法侵染拟南芥。
     4.基因文库Floral dip法转化拟南芥及转基因植株的获得
     (1)将构建好的pEMT-cDNA文库,Floral dip法转化拟南芥,通过拟南芥的遗传转化获得转基因的种子,并收获拟南芥种子用于下一步的筛选试验。
     (2)通过拟南芥种子发芽阶段km筛选压力实验,最后确定了拟南芥种子发芽阶段km的筛选压力为10mg/L。
     (3)从约10000粒拟南芥种子中筛选出有Km抗性的110株,计算转化率约为1.1%。
Low temperature,salinity and drought are a major issue in our country and world agricultural production.Improving the tolerance of these abiotic stress of crops,is of great strategic significance for increasing food production,developing farming resources and solving the food problem.
     In recent years,with the rapid development of molecular biology and the mature of transgenic technology,anti-modified crops through genetic engineering against osmotic stress.There has been a good momentum.Explaining the molecular mechanism of osmotic stress in plant and finding "key genes" from a large number of stress-related genes,is an important prerequisite for osmotic stress genetic engineering of crops.Our research aims at these problems,constructed plant expression vector generic card boxes with the matrix attachment regions,MAR.Taking the wild soybean of northeast as the material,established high-throughput gene over expression system,and the system of screening the transgenic plants against osmotic stress.Therefore,our study is of great significance for tolerance basic theoretical research,foundation of new technologies system,agriculture utilizing,and other areas.
     Main research results are as follows:
     1.Plant Expression Vector Construction
     We had cloned P-MN and E-MN sequence including MAR sequence by overlap extension PCR method.At the same time,we constructed one plants common effective expression vector card boxes pEMT-5 with MAR and SfiA、SfiB restriction sites,promoted by E12.The vector is suitable for constructing over-expression library which is obtained by SMART technology.
     2.Plant Expression Vector functional analysis
     The vectors pEMT-5 and pBHT-5 were transferred into tobacco by Agrobacterium Tumefaciens.Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Real-time PCR analysis the same 005 gene expressed in pBHT-5 and pEMT-5 vectors in transgene plants.With the analysis of transcription levels,005 expression levels in pEMT-5 are more 3.89 times than in pBHT-5.
     3.Wild Soybean conditions of osmotic stress of a full-length cDNA clone
     We obtained the full length cDNA of wild soybean under the conditions of osmotic stress by Clontech SMART~(TM) technique.Then,a full-length cDNA cloned the vector pEMT-5.The result of the analysis is that the primitive titer of the library was 1.96×10~8cfu/mL and the end titer of the library was 2.0×10~(10)cfu/mL,the recombination efficiency of the cDNA library was 96.29%by PCR identification.The library fits gene over-expression.
     4.Gene library transferred into Arabidopsis and transgene plant were selected
     (1) Gene library transferred into Arabidopsis by Floral dip and harvested Seeds.
     (2) In order to select transgene seeds,Km selection pressure is 10mg/L.
     (3) We harvested 10000 seeds,there are 110 Strains by Km selection pressure, transformation ratio 1.1%.
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