基于IXP425的微型移动路由器的研究与设计
摘要
随着信息网络技术的迅速发展和各种新业务的不断出现，越来越多的人希望通过各种无线IP设备，以移动的方式接入到互联网，对网络资源进行随时随地的访问。这不仅需要对单个终端的移动性支持，也需要对整个子网(网络)的移动性支持。我们把包含有移动子网(网络)以及移动终端的互联网称为移动互联网络，它的本质是由于路由器或主机运动而造成拓扑结构不断发生改变的互联网。
移动路由器是移动互联网络中的关键设备，它在不同的应用场合有着不同的特点。移动互联网的特点要求移动路由器体积小，便于携带，对功率限制要求高，在这种情形下，传统固定路由器的结构不再适用，必须探索新的微型路由器硬件架构理论和技术，以满足实际的需要。IXP425网络处理器具有体积小，功耗低且对网络数据的处理能力强，又可以通过扩展无线网卡在无线链路上进行数据传输等特点，可以作为移动路由器的硬件基础。
本文以IXP425网络处理器作为硬件平台，研究并设计了移动路由器的硬件结构；以移动IPv6协议和NEMO(Network Mobility)协议作为协议标准研究并设计了移动路由器的软件结构，从而提出了一种移动路由器的设计方案。为了进行验证，以IXP425网络处理器的开发平台为硬件基础，在参考赫尔辛基大学Go-Core工作组和WIDE(Widely Integrated Distributed Environment)工作组的开放源代码基础上，设计并实现了一个原型系统。该移动路由器原型系统对移动IPv6和NEMO协议都有较好的支持。在家乡代理、移动路由器和移动网络节点三个功能实体上运行软件，在用户空间处理绑定更新、绑定确认和注册过程，在内核空间处理隧道转发，实现移动子网功能。移动子网内部的网络节点无需移动IPv6协议的支持，由移动路由器为其提供路由支持。
The information technology is developing increasingly fast and new services are booming. A big number of people want to have access to Internet in mobile environment using kinds of wireless equipment using IP technology. This depends on the network which support not only the mobility of single terminal but also the mobility of sub-network or a network. The mobile Internet contains mobile sub-network or network and mobile terminal, and its nature is that the topology of Internet is constantly changing caused by the movement of routers or hosts.
The most important equipment of mobile Internet is Mobile Router. IXP425 network processor has the features that it is small, low power needed, portable, and capable of processing network data in high speed and it can have extensions such as wireless network adapter card. The hardware of Mobile Router can be based on it. All the features of mobile Internet require that Mobile Router must be small, portable, limited in power and so on. In this situation, the architecture of traditional router is not good enough, and we must find out some now solution to face the requirements above.
The hardware architecture based on IXP425 of Mobile Router has been researched and design in this thesis, and also the software of the Router. A solution of Mobile Router is found out finally. Referencing to the software developed by Go-Core project of HUT (Helsinki University of Technology) and WIDE (Widely Integrated Distributed Environment) organization, a primitive Mobile Router has been implemented. Mobile IPv6 and NEMO is supported by this primitive machine and the mobility of network has been implemented. Hosts in the mobile network are not necessary to support mobile IPv6 and the Mobile Router can provide route for them.
移动路由器是移动互联网络中的关键设备，它在不同的应用场合有着不同的特点。移动互联网的特点要求移动路由器体积小，便于携带，对功率限制要求高，在这种情形下，传统固定路由器的结构不再适用，必须探索新的微型路由器硬件架构理论和技术，以满足实际的需要。IXP425网络处理器具有体积小，功耗低且对网络数据的处理能力强，又可以通过扩展无线网卡在无线链路上进行数据传输等特点，可以作为移动路由器的硬件基础。
本文以IXP425网络处理器作为硬件平台，研究并设计了移动路由器的硬件结构；以移动IPv6协议和NEMO(Network Mobility)协议作为协议标准研究并设计了移动路由器的软件结构，从而提出了一种移动路由器的设计方案。为了进行验证，以IXP425网络处理器的开发平台为硬件基础，在参考赫尔辛基大学Go-Core工作组和WIDE(Widely Integrated Distributed Environment)工作组的开放源代码基础上，设计并实现了一个原型系统。该移动路由器原型系统对移动IPv6和NEMO协议都有较好的支持。在家乡代理、移动路由器和移动网络节点三个功能实体上运行软件，在用户空间处理绑定更新、绑定确认和注册过程，在内核空间处理隧道转发，实现移动子网功能。移动子网内部的网络节点无需移动IPv6协议的支持，由移动路由器为其提供路由支持。
The information technology is developing increasingly fast and new services are booming. A big number of people want to have access to Internet in mobile environment using kinds of wireless equipment using IP technology. This depends on the network which support not only the mobility of single terminal but also the mobility of sub-network or a network. The mobile Internet contains mobile sub-network or network and mobile terminal, and its nature is that the topology of Internet is constantly changing caused by the movement of routers or hosts.
The most important equipment of mobile Internet is Mobile Router. IXP425 network processor has the features that it is small, low power needed, portable, and capable of processing network data in high speed and it can have extensions such as wireless network adapter card. The hardware of Mobile Router can be based on it. All the features of mobile Internet require that Mobile Router must be small, portable, limited in power and so on. In this situation, the architecture of traditional router is not good enough, and we must find out some now solution to face the requirements above.
The hardware architecture based on IXP425 of Mobile Router has been researched and design in this thesis, and also the software of the Router. A solution of Mobile Router is found out finally. Referencing to the software developed by Go-Core project of HUT (Helsinki University of Technology) and WIDE (Widely Integrated Distributed Environment) organization, a primitive Mobile Router has been implemented. Mobile IPv6 and NEMO is supported by this primitive machine and the mobility of network has been implemented. Hosts in the mobile network are not necessary to support mobile IPv6 and the Mobile Router can provide route for them.
引文
[1] 张宏科，张思东，刘文红著．《路由器原理与技术》[M]．国防工业出版社，2003．01
[2] 张宏科，苏伟，武勇．《网络处理器原理与技术》[M]．京邮电大学出版社，2004．11
[3] Douglas E. Comer Network Systems Design Using Network Processors [M]. Prentice Hall,2005.06
[4] 李善平等编著．《Linux与嵌入式系统》[M]．清华大学出版社，2003．01
[5] Intel IXP425 Network Processor Product Brief [S]. 2006
[6] Intel IXP425 Product Line of Network Processor and IXC1100 Control Plan Processor Developer's Manual [S]. 2006.09
[7] Andrew S．Tanenbaum．民译，徐明伟审《计算机网络(第四版)》[M]．清华大学术版社，2006．03
[8] Perkins C. Ed. IP Mobility Support for IPv4 [S], RFC 3344. 2002.08
[9] Thomson.S, Narten.T. IPv6 Stateless Address Auto configuration [S], RFC2462. 1998.12
[10] D.Johnson, C.Perkins, J.Arkko. Mobility Support in IPv6 IS], RFC 3775.2003.07
[11] T. Narten, E Nordmark, W. Simpson. Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6) [S],RFC 2461. 1998.12
[12] J Arkko, V. Devarapalli, F.Dupont. Using IPsec to Protect Mobile IPv6 Signaling between Mobile Nodes and Home Agents [S], RFC3776. 2004.06
[13] Feng Li. A novel haleness and efficiency method for return routability procedure in mobile IPv6 [J], IEEE International Symposium on Communications and Information Technology. 2005.10
[14] V. Devarapalli, R. Wakikawa, A Petrescu. Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support Protocol [S], RFC 3963.2005.01
[15] Intel IXDP2351 Advanced Development Platform System User's Manual [S]. 2005.02
[16] 赵炯编著，《Linux内核完全剖析》[M]．机械工业出版社，2006．04
[17] Gary R．Wright，W．Richard Stevens，陆雪莹，蒋惠等译(TCP／IP详解卷2：实现》[M]．机械工业出版社，2000
[18] 孙天泽，袁文菊编著《嵌入式设计及Linux驱动开发指南：基于ARM9处理器》[M]．电子工业出版社，2007．01
[19] W．Richard Stevens，Stephen A．Rago，尤晋元，张亚英，戚正伟译《UNIX环境高级编程(第2版)》[M]．人民邮电出版社，2007．07
[20] W．Richard Stevens，Bill Fenner，Andrew M．Rudoff，杨继张译，《UNIX网络编程第1 卷：套接口API(第3版)》[M]．清华大学出版社，2006．01
[21] 严蔚敏，吴伟民编著《数据结构》[M]．清华大学出版社，2004．07
[22] Robert Love著，陈厉君等译．《Linux内核设计与实现》[M]．机械工业出版社2006．01
[23] Microprocessor & Microcomputer Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society,IEEE Standards for a Common Mezzanine Card (PMC) Famliy [S]. 2001.06
[24] 刘峥嵘，张智超，许振山等编著《嵌入式Linux应用程序开发详解》[M]．机械工业出版社，2004．07
[25] Redboot User's Guide Version 1.92 [S]. 2003.04
[26] Karim Yagbmour,O'Reilly Taiwan公司译，韩存兵，龚波改编《构建嵌入式LINUX系统》[M]．中国电力出版社，2004．12
[2] 张宏科，苏伟，武勇．《网络处理器原理与技术》[M]．京邮电大学出版社，2004．11
[3] Douglas E. Comer Network Systems Design Using Network Processors [M]. Prentice Hall,2005.06
[4] 李善平等编著．《Linux与嵌入式系统》[M]．清华大学出版社，2003．01
[5] Intel IXP425 Network Processor Product Brief [S]. 2006
[6] Intel IXP425 Product Line of Network Processor and IXC1100 Control Plan Processor Developer's Manual [S]. 2006.09
[7] Andrew S．Tanenbaum．民译，徐明伟审《计算机网络(第四版)》[M]．清华大学术版社，2006．03
[8] Perkins C. Ed. IP Mobility Support for IPv4 [S], RFC 3344. 2002.08
[9] Thomson.S, Narten.T. IPv6 Stateless Address Auto configuration [S], RFC2462. 1998.12
[10] D.Johnson, C.Perkins, J.Arkko. Mobility Support in IPv6 IS], RFC 3775.2003.07
[11] T. Narten, E Nordmark, W. Simpson. Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6) [S],RFC 2461. 1998.12
[12] J Arkko, V. Devarapalli, F.Dupont. Using IPsec to Protect Mobile IPv6 Signaling between Mobile Nodes and Home Agents [S], RFC3776. 2004.06
[13] Feng Li. A novel haleness and efficiency method for return routability procedure in mobile IPv6 [J], IEEE International Symposium on Communications and Information Technology. 2005.10
[14] V. Devarapalli, R. Wakikawa, A Petrescu. Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support Protocol [S], RFC 3963.2005.01
[15] Intel IXDP2351 Advanced Development Platform System User's Manual [S]. 2005.02
[16] 赵炯编著，《Linux内核完全剖析》[M]．机械工业出版社，2006．04
[17] Gary R．Wright，W．Richard Stevens，陆雪莹，蒋惠等译(TCP／IP详解卷2：实现》[M]．机械工业出版社，2000
[18] 孙天泽，袁文菊编著《嵌入式设计及Linux驱动开发指南：基于ARM9处理器》[M]．电子工业出版社，2007．01
[19] W．Richard Stevens，Stephen A．Rago，尤晋元，张亚英，戚正伟译《UNIX环境高级编程(第2版)》[M]．人民邮电出版社，2007．07
[20] W．Richard Stevens，Bill Fenner，Andrew M．Rudoff，杨继张译，《UNIX网络编程第1 卷：套接口API(第3版)》[M]．清华大学出版社，2006．01
[21] 严蔚敏，吴伟民编著《数据结构》[M]．清华大学出版社，2004．07
[22] Robert Love著，陈厉君等译．《Linux内核设计与实现》[M]．机械工业出版社2006．01
[23] Microprocessor & Microcomputer Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society,IEEE Standards for a Common Mezzanine Card (PMC) Famliy [S]. 2001.06
[24] 刘峥嵘，张智超，许振山等编著《嵌入式Linux应用程序开发详解》[M]．机械工业出版社，2004．07
[25] Redboot User's Guide Version 1.92 [S]. 2003.04
[26] Karim Yagbmour,O'Reilly Taiwan公司译，韩存兵，龚波改编《构建嵌入式LINUX系统》[M]．中国电力出版社，2004．12