移动智能业务控制点容灾的研究与实现
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摘要
随着移动智能业务的广泛开展,业务控制点的安全稳定问题日益突出,简单的本地双机或集群保护已不能胜任系统的高可用性要求,保证业务运行的连续性和可靠性迫切要求全面的容灾保护。
本文首先阐述了业务控制点容灾应考虑的因素,总结了现有业务控制点容灾系统及其关键技术,分析了各自的优缺点。
接着,对现有业务控制点容灾系统不能实现灾难“热”接管,由此而导致灾难发生时正在进行的业务中断和发生计费丢失的机理进行了分析,在此基础上分别提出了基于申请计费报告记录与交换侧话单挑选结合的CAMEL(Customized Application for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic,移动网络增强型逻辑的客户化应用)呼叫计费保护方法和基于计费报告反向下发的CAMEL GPRS(General Packet Radio Service,通用分组无线业务)计费保护方法。这两种方法通过呼叫参考号码或话单自由格式字段标识可以直接在交换侧挑选出发生计费丢失的业务话单记录,避免了现有方法中话单对比挑选带来的巨大开销;通过收集丢失业务对话的申请计费报告,并与交换侧话单中计费信息综合,可以准确地计算出丢失计费部分的费用,避免了现有方法中对用户的重复计费。
最后,采用业务接入与业务控制的功能分离和集中管理,提出了基于M+N结构的业务控制点容灾实现方案,设计并实现了容灾关键子系统。基于M+N结构的容灾系统具有可扩展性好、可用性高、可维护性好,对现网设备和业务影响小的特点,测试及实际应用表明,该系统实现了快速的应用级业务恢复,减少了业务的中断时间;可以容忍多个生产业务控制点同时发生灾难并提供业务接管,提高了系统的可用性;避免了数据备份服务的集中运行,提升了容灾业务控制点的业务处理能力;实现了零误差的CAMEL呼叫业务和CAMEL GPRS业务计费容灾保护,保护了业务的连续性,避免了计费丢失,保障了运营商和用户的利益。
With the widespread popularity of mobile intelligent services, the security and stability issues of SCP (Service Control Point) are increasingly outstanding. The simple protection provided by local dual hosts or cluster can no longer meet the strict requirements of system's high availability. To guarantee the continuity and reliability of services, it is in urgent need of the comprehensive protection of disaster tolerant.
This paper firstly expounds the main factors needed to be considered for disaster tolerant of SCP, summarizes the existing disaster tolerant systems and key technologies, and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages.
Secondly, the mechanism of service interrupt and billing loss, which is caused by the inability of“hot”takeover for disaster recovery, is analyzed. Then, two billing protection approaches for CAMEL (Customized Application for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic) Call service and CAMEL GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) service are suggested, which are respectively based on recording the ACR (Apply Charging Report) and screening the CDR (Call Detail Record), and based on delivering the charging report backward. These two approaches avoid huge overhead on matching the CDR by the identification of the call reference number or the free-format data. It becomes available to calculate the exact fee uncharged by collecting the ACR of lost dialogue and integrating the charging information with the CDR of mobile switch center, which successfully avoids charging the subscriber twice.
Finally, this paper uses functional separation and centralized management of service access and service control, and proposes a disaster tolerant solution of SCP system based on M+N architecture. It has good scalability, high availability, fine maintainability, and small impact on business equipment. The system test and practical application show that the rapid application recovery ensures business continuity; the tolerance of multiple points’failure improves the availability of system ; the distribution of data replication enhances the handling capacity of SCP on the single equipment; the billing protection of zero-error level for CAMEL Call service and CAMEL GPRS service guarantees the business continuity, avoids the billing loss, and defends the interests of both the operator and the subscriber.
本文首先阐述了业务控制点容灾应考虑的因素,总结了现有业务控制点容灾系统及其关键技术,分析了各自的优缺点。
接着,对现有业务控制点容灾系统不能实现灾难“热”接管,由此而导致灾难发生时正在进行的业务中断和发生计费丢失的机理进行了分析,在此基础上分别提出了基于申请计费报告记录与交换侧话单挑选结合的CAMEL(Customized Application for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic,移动网络增强型逻辑的客户化应用)呼叫计费保护方法和基于计费报告反向下发的CAMEL GPRS(General Packet Radio Service,通用分组无线业务)计费保护方法。这两种方法通过呼叫参考号码或话单自由格式字段标识可以直接在交换侧挑选出发生计费丢失的业务话单记录,避免了现有方法中话单对比挑选带来的巨大开销;通过收集丢失业务对话的申请计费报告,并与交换侧话单中计费信息综合,可以准确地计算出丢失计费部分的费用,避免了现有方法中对用户的重复计费。
最后,采用业务接入与业务控制的功能分离和集中管理,提出了基于M+N结构的业务控制点容灾实现方案,设计并实现了容灾关键子系统。基于M+N结构的容灾系统具有可扩展性好、可用性高、可维护性好,对现网设备和业务影响小的特点,测试及实际应用表明,该系统实现了快速的应用级业务恢复,减少了业务的中断时间;可以容忍多个生产业务控制点同时发生灾难并提供业务接管,提高了系统的可用性;避免了数据备份服务的集中运行,提升了容灾业务控制点的业务处理能力;实现了零误差的CAMEL呼叫业务和CAMEL GPRS业务计费容灾保护,保护了业务的连续性,避免了计费丢失,保障了运营商和用户的利益。
With the widespread popularity of mobile intelligent services, the security and stability issues of SCP (Service Control Point) are increasingly outstanding. The simple protection provided by local dual hosts or cluster can no longer meet the strict requirements of system's high availability. To guarantee the continuity and reliability of services, it is in urgent need of the comprehensive protection of disaster tolerant.
This paper firstly expounds the main factors needed to be considered for disaster tolerant of SCP, summarizes the existing disaster tolerant systems and key technologies, and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages.
Secondly, the mechanism of service interrupt and billing loss, which is caused by the inability of“hot”takeover for disaster recovery, is analyzed. Then, two billing protection approaches for CAMEL (Customized Application for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic) Call service and CAMEL GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) service are suggested, which are respectively based on recording the ACR (Apply Charging Report) and screening the CDR (Call Detail Record), and based on delivering the charging report backward. These two approaches avoid huge overhead on matching the CDR by the identification of the call reference number or the free-format data. It becomes available to calculate the exact fee uncharged by collecting the ACR of lost dialogue and integrating the charging information with the CDR of mobile switch center, which successfully avoids charging the subscriber twice.
Finally, this paper uses functional separation and centralized management of service access and service control, and proposes a disaster tolerant solution of SCP system based on M+N architecture. It has good scalability, high availability, fine maintainability, and small impact on business equipment. The system test and practical application show that the rapid application recovery ensures business continuity; the tolerance of multiple points’failure improves the availability of system ; the distribution of data replication enhances the handling capacity of SCP on the single equipment; the billing protection of zero-error level for CAMEL Call service and CAMEL GPRS service guarantees the business continuity, avoids the billing loss, and defends the interests of both the operator and the subscriber.
引文
[1] 廖建新,王晶,郭力.移动智能网.北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2000,38-153
[2] ITU-T Recommendation Q.1215 . Physical Plane for Intelligent Network CS-1.1995-10
[3] 王纯,申龙.容灾技术在移动智能网中的应用研究.电信科学,2004,(02):41-44
[4] IBM 容 灾 白 皮 书 . http://www-900.ibm.com/cn/support/guide/whitebooks /Disaster_recovery/ Disaster_recovery2_1.shtml
[5] 顾明.移动智能网容灾系统.电信工程技术与标准化,2003,(11):76-83
[6] 韦泉,苏文莉,唐宏,等.移动智能网容灾方案的研究.广东通信技术,2006,(05):74-78
[7] 王红熳,杨放春.智能网容灾方案的研究与实现.北京邮电大学学报,2004,27(2):88-92
[8] 刘迎风,祁明.容灾技术及其应用.计算机应用研究,2002,(6):7-10
[9] 王德军,王丽娜.容灾系统研究.计算机工程,2005,31(6):43-45
[10] 王树鹏,云晓春,余翔湛,等.容灾的理论与关键技术分析.计算机工程与应用,2004,43(28):54-58
[11] 廖彩玲.HLR 容灾的建设及解决方案分析.邮电设计技术,2004,(3):17-20
[12] 朱堃，鲁兰红，陆欣．中兴 HLR 容灾中心在山东移动的应用.电信科学,2003,(7):70-71
[13] 尼松涛.WCDMA 核心网三大容灾技术.现代通信,2006,(8):5-9
[14] 王红熳,杨放春.基于生灭过程的智能网容灾系统高可用性设计与分析.计算机工程与应用,2004,(24):153-155
[15] 赵宗印.揭开智能网容灾的神秘面纱.华为服务,2006,(4):16-18
[16] 袁继伟.一种远程容灾系统及方法.中国专利.CN 1753373A.2006-03-29
[17] 蔡志威,望远文.一种智能网业务控制设备容灾系统.中国专利.CN 1852154A,2006-10-25
[18] 东 信 北邮 . 容 灾系统 解 决 方 案 . http://www.ebupt.com/Renew/platform/ 2007517115226.asp
[19] 史超.一种漏单处理方法及系统.中国专利.CN 1816088A,2006-08-09
[20] 王柏.智能网教程.北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2000,63-93
[21] ETSI EN 301 152-1.Customised Applications for Mobile network EnhancedLogic (CAMEL).1998-09
[22] 3GPP TS 23.078.Customized Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic (CAMEL) Phase 3–Stage 2 (Release 4).2003-06
[23] YD/T 1037-2000.900/1800MHz TDMA 数字蜂窝移动通信网 CAMEL 应用部分(CAP)技术规范.2000-01-28
[24] YD/T 1216-2003.900/1800MHz TDMA 数字蜂窝移动通信网 CAMEL 应用部分(CAP)技术要求(CAMEL3).2003-04-11
[25] ITU-T Recommendation Q.700.Introduction To CCITT Signalling System No.7.1993-03
[26] ITU-T Recommendation Q.701.Functional description of the message transfer part (MTP) of Signalling System No. 7.1993-03
[27] ITU-T Recommendation Q.711 . Functional description of the signalling connection control part.2001-03
[28] ITU-T Recommendation Q.771 . Functional description of transaction capabilities.1997-06
[29] ETSI EN 301 140-1 . Intelligent Network Application Protocol (INAP) Capability Set 2 (CS2).2001-09
[30] ETSI TS 100 974.Mobile Application Part (MAP) specification.2000-03
[31] YD/T 1425-2005.900/1800MHz TDMA 数字蜂窝移动通信网业务控制点(SCP)设备技术要求(CAMEL3).2005-12-26
[32] 张海文,申龙,李玮,等.高可用技术在移动智能网中的应用研究.电信科学,2004,(05):19-22
[33] 汪东升,郑纬民.高可用集群计算.小型微型计算机系统,2000,21(11):1126-1129
[34] ITU-T Recommendation Q.704.Signalling network functions and messages. 1996-07
[35] ITU-T Recommendation Q.714.Signalling connection control part procedures. 2001-05
[36] YD/T 1144-2001 . 国 内 No.7 信 令 网信 令 转 接点 ( STP) 设备 技术 规范.2001-05-25
[37] 裴昌幸,聂敏.现代通信系统计费原理.北京:电子工业出版社,2004,29-79,195-214
[38] 3GPP TS 29.078 . CAMEL Application Part(CAP) specification(Release 4).2003-03
[39] ITU-T Recommendation Q.774.Transaction capabilities procedures.1997-06
[40] ITU-T Recommendation X.680.Information technology - Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation.2002-07
[41] ITU-T Recommendation X.690.Information technology - ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER), Canonical Encoding Rules (CER) and Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER).2002-07
[42] 李琼,汪审权,方粮,等.SAN 存储技术研究.计算机工程,2003,29(19):165-167
[43] Peter S Weygant.Clusters for High Availability: A Primer of Hp Solutions.2nd Edition.Indiana:Prentice Hall PTR,2001,40-106,199-208
[44] Hewlett-Packard.Designing Disaster Tolerant MC/ServiceGuard Clusters.http: //docs.hp.com/en/B7660-90013/B7660-90013.pdf.2003-03
[45] IBM.High Aavability Cluster Multiprocessing Best Practice.http://www-03. ibm.com/servers/eserver/clusters/whitepapers/hacmp_bestpractices.pdf . 2005-03
[46] Symantec.A Guide to Understanding Veritas Volume Replicator.http://www4.sy mantec.com/Vrt/offer?a_id=9089.2006
[47] IBM Informix.IBM Informix Dynamic Server Enterprise Replication Guide.http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/idshelp/v10/index.jsp?topic=/com.ibm.erep.doc/erep.htm.2005-12
[48] ITU-T Recommendation Q.773.Transaction capabilities formats and encoding .1997-06
[49] W.Richard Stevens.UNIX 网络编程 第 1 卷:套接口 API 和 Xopen 传输接口 API.杨继张.第 2 版.北京:清华大学出版社,1998:121-130
[50] ITU-T Recommendation Q.1218. Interface Recommendation for Intelligent Network CS-1.1993-03
[51] BARBARA H. HORNBACH.MML: CCITT Man-Machine Language.IEEE Transactions On Communications,1982,30(6) :1329-1336
[52] ITU-T Recommendation Z.301 . Introduction to the CCITT man-machine language.1988-11
[53] 曹子元,吕珍珠,熊媛.分布式系统中事务处理能力应用部分的对话处理方法.中国专利.CN 1642165A,2005-07-20
[54] 3GPP 29.002.Mobile Application Part (MAP) specification (Release 5).2003-03
[55] 沈海华,鞠大鹏,沈美明.基于马尔可夫过程模型的服务器集群数据可用性分析.小型微型计算机系统,2006,27(7):1275-1277
[56] 武家春,刘川.移动智能网中 SCP 的性能测试.电信科学,2004,(02):45-47
[2] ITU-T Recommendation Q.1215 . Physical Plane for Intelligent Network CS-1.1995-10
[3] 王纯,申龙.容灾技术在移动智能网中的应用研究.电信科学,2004,(02):41-44
[4] IBM 容 灾 白 皮 书 . http://www-900.ibm.com/cn/support/guide/whitebooks /Disaster_recovery/ Disaster_recovery2_1.shtml
[5] 顾明.移动智能网容灾系统.电信工程技术与标准化,2003,(11):76-83
[6] 韦泉,苏文莉,唐宏,等.移动智能网容灾方案的研究.广东通信技术,2006,(05):74-78
[7] 王红熳,杨放春.智能网容灾方案的研究与实现.北京邮电大学学报,2004,27(2):88-92
[8] 刘迎风,祁明.容灾技术及其应用.计算机应用研究,2002,(6):7-10
[9] 王德军,王丽娜.容灾系统研究.计算机工程,2005,31(6):43-45
[10] 王树鹏,云晓春,余翔湛,等.容灾的理论与关键技术分析.计算机工程与应用,2004,43(28):54-58
[11] 廖彩玲.HLR 容灾的建设及解决方案分析.邮电设计技术,2004,(3):17-20
[12] 朱堃，鲁兰红，陆欣．中兴 HLR 容灾中心在山东移动的应用.电信科学,2003,(7):70-71
[13] 尼松涛.WCDMA 核心网三大容灾技术.现代通信,2006,(8):5-9
[14] 王红熳,杨放春.基于生灭过程的智能网容灾系统高可用性设计与分析.计算机工程与应用,2004,(24):153-155
[15] 赵宗印.揭开智能网容灾的神秘面纱.华为服务,2006,(4):16-18
[16] 袁继伟.一种远程容灾系统及方法.中国专利.CN 1753373A.2006-03-29
[17] 蔡志威,望远文.一种智能网业务控制设备容灾系统.中国专利.CN 1852154A,2006-10-25
[18] 东 信 北邮 . 容 灾系统 解 决 方 案 . http://www.ebupt.com/Renew/platform/ 2007517115226.asp
[19] 史超.一种漏单处理方法及系统.中国专利.CN 1816088A,2006-08-09
[20] 王柏.智能网教程.北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2000,63-93
[21] ETSI EN 301 152-1.Customised Applications for Mobile network EnhancedLogic (CAMEL).1998-09
[22] 3GPP TS 23.078.Customized Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic (CAMEL) Phase 3–Stage 2 (Release 4).2003-06
[23] YD/T 1037-2000.900/1800MHz TDMA 数字蜂窝移动通信网 CAMEL 应用部分(CAP)技术规范.2000-01-28
[24] YD/T 1216-2003.900/1800MHz TDMA 数字蜂窝移动通信网 CAMEL 应用部分(CAP)技术要求(CAMEL3).2003-04-11
[25] ITU-T Recommendation Q.700.Introduction To CCITT Signalling System No.7.1993-03
[26] ITU-T Recommendation Q.701.Functional description of the message transfer part (MTP) of Signalling System No. 7.1993-03
[27] ITU-T Recommendation Q.711 . Functional description of the signalling connection control part.2001-03
[28] ITU-T Recommendation Q.771 . Functional description of transaction capabilities.1997-06
[29] ETSI EN 301 140-1 . Intelligent Network Application Protocol (INAP) Capability Set 2 (CS2).2001-09
[30] ETSI TS 100 974.Mobile Application Part (MAP) specification.2000-03
[31] YD/T 1425-2005.900/1800MHz TDMA 数字蜂窝移动通信网业务控制点(SCP)设备技术要求(CAMEL3).2005-12-26
[32] 张海文,申龙,李玮,等.高可用技术在移动智能网中的应用研究.电信科学,2004,(05):19-22
[33] 汪东升,郑纬民.高可用集群计算.小型微型计算机系统,2000,21(11):1126-1129
[34] ITU-T Recommendation Q.704.Signalling network functions and messages. 1996-07
[35] ITU-T Recommendation Q.714.Signalling connection control part procedures. 2001-05
[36] YD/T 1144-2001 . 国 内 No.7 信 令 网信 令 转 接点 ( STP) 设备 技术 规范.2001-05-25
[37] 裴昌幸,聂敏.现代通信系统计费原理.北京:电子工业出版社,2004,29-79,195-214
[38] 3GPP TS 29.078 . CAMEL Application Part(CAP) specification(Release 4).2003-03
[39] ITU-T Recommendation Q.774.Transaction capabilities procedures.1997-06
[40] ITU-T Recommendation X.680.Information technology - Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation.2002-07
[41] ITU-T Recommendation X.690.Information technology - ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER), Canonical Encoding Rules (CER) and Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER).2002-07
[42] 李琼,汪审权,方粮,等.SAN 存储技术研究.计算机工程,2003,29(19):165-167
[43] Peter S Weygant.Clusters for High Availability: A Primer of Hp Solutions.2nd Edition.Indiana:Prentice Hall PTR,2001,40-106,199-208
[44] Hewlett-Packard.Designing Disaster Tolerant MC/ServiceGuard Clusters.http: //docs.hp.com/en/B7660-90013/B7660-90013.pdf.2003-03
[45] IBM.High Aavability Cluster Multiprocessing Best Practice.http://www-03. ibm.com/servers/eserver/clusters/whitepapers/hacmp_bestpractices.pdf . 2005-03
[46] Symantec.A Guide to Understanding Veritas Volume Replicator.http://www4.sy mantec.com/Vrt/offer?a_id=9089.2006
[47] IBM Informix.IBM Informix Dynamic Server Enterprise Replication Guide.http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/idshelp/v10/index.jsp?topic=/com.ibm.erep.doc/erep.htm.2005-12
[48] ITU-T Recommendation Q.773.Transaction capabilities formats and encoding .1997-06
[49] W.Richard Stevens.UNIX 网络编程 第 1 卷:套接口 API 和 Xopen 传输接口 API.杨继张.第 2 版.北京:清华大学出版社,1998:121-130
[50] ITU-T Recommendation Q.1218. Interface Recommendation for Intelligent Network CS-1.1993-03
[51] BARBARA H. HORNBACH.MML: CCITT Man-Machine Language.IEEE Transactions On Communications,1982,30(6) :1329-1336
[52] ITU-T Recommendation Z.301 . Introduction to the CCITT man-machine language.1988-11
[53] 曹子元,吕珍珠,熊媛.分布式系统中事务处理能力应用部分的对话处理方法.中国专利.CN 1642165A,2005-07-20
[54] 3GPP 29.002.Mobile Application Part (MAP) specification (Release 5).2003-03
[55] 沈海华,鞠大鹏,沈美明.基于马尔可夫过程模型的服务器集群数据可用性分析.小型微型计算机系统,2006,27(7):1275-1277
[56] 武家春,刘川.移动智能网中 SCP 的性能测试.电信科学,2004,(02):45-47