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白芨细胞悬浮体系的建立及其次生代谢产物的测定
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摘要
白芨是兰科多年生草本植物,是我国珍贵的药用植物,具有收敛止血、清热解毒、消肿生肌之功效。其不仅具有很广泛的药用价值,同时也具有极高的观赏价值,近年在国内外花卉市场上十分走俏。目前白芨的栽培主要采用分株繁殖,繁殖系数低,生长周期较长,不宜进行大规模的商业化生产。随着植物组培技术和细胞悬浮培养技术的发展,白芨的试管繁殖已成为可能。本试验以白芨种子、假鳞茎、叶、根为外植体,诱导培养获得白芨的愈伤组织,从而建立白芨悬浮细胞系,并对其中次生代谢产物白芨多糖和大黄素甲醚进行了含量测定;研究不同水平和组合的激素、碳、氮源、磷源、细胞接种量等条件对白芨细胞生长及其白芨多糖,大黄素甲醚合成的影响,从而建立了白芨悬浮细胞生长及其白芨多糖,大黄素甲醚合成的动态曲线。具体研究结果如下:
     1.用1/2MS+2.0mg/L2,4-D+0.2mg/L NAA+1.8mg/L6-BA培养基可获得大量繁殖速度快,生长均匀一致的愈伤组织。
     2.白芨细胞悬浮培养条件的优化:340mg/L KH2PO4+3300mg/L NH4NO3+100mg/L肌醇+30g/L蔗糖改良的1/2MS为基本培养基并添加10%土豆汁,激素配方为0.2mg/L NAA+1.0mg/L6-BA+2.0mg/LIBA,配合每20mL培养液中接种0.0038g(DW)/L左右的细胞,为最适培养条件。
     3.白芨多糖,大黄素甲醚的检测体系,采用蒽酮-硫酸法测定总糖,3,5-二硝基水杨酸法测定还原糖;多糖=总糖-还原糖,以葡萄糖为标准品。细胞悬浮培养约48d时,测得白芨多糖为3.72mg(DW)/L。用HPLC法来测定大黄素甲醚的含量。细胞悬浮培养约30d时,培养1g干重细胞含大黄素甲醚8.12μg。
     4.以最适培养条件进行培养,建立白芨悬浮细胞生长及其白芨多糖,大黄素甲醚合成的动态曲线.表明:0~6d为生长延迟期,6~27d为对数生长期,27~39d为生长稳定期,在27d白芨细胞生长到达曲线顶峰,即可获得最大的白芨细胞生物量2.79g(DW)/L。白芨细胞多糖含量在培养48d达到最大值为3.72mg(DW)/L,大黄素甲醚含量在培养30d达到最大值8.12μg/g。此后,白芨细胞生长量及其白芨多糖、大黄素甲醚含量开始下降。
Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb. f is a Perennial herb belonging to Orchidaceae, Inour country it is a valuable medicinal plant, which has bleeding myogenic effect,swelling detoxification, B. striata is not only used for medicinal, but also a highornamental value. In recent years, it’s very popular in the flower market at home andabroad. The cultivation of B. striata is mainly using common division propagation,but on account of its long growth cycle, low Propagation coefficient, It is not suitablefor large-scale commercial production. With the development of plant tissue culturetechnology and cell suspension culture technology, test-tube reproduction of the B.striata has become possible.In this study, the Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSPS)was obtained from the suspension-cells cultured in the established cell suspensionculture system with the calli induced from the seed and Pseudobulb of B. striata.onthe study of influence of different combinations of hormone, nitrogen source,phosphorus source, carbon source, inostol and the cell inculated amount on theB. striata’ cell growth and synthesization of the BSPS and Rheochrysidin,thedynamic curve was established in order to the highest of the BSPS andRheochrysidin though cell suspension of B. striata.The research results are asfollows:
     1. Plenty of more uniformly and quickly growing callus was harvested from thehalf of MS medium with2.0mg/L2,4-D,0.2mg/L NAA,1.8mg/L6-BA.
     2. After optimized culture condition for cell suspension culture, the resultsshowed that the best culture condition was the modified the half of MS medium with340mg/L KH2PO4,3300mg/L NH4NO3,100mg/L inositol,30g/L sugar and0.2mg/L NAA,1.0mg/L6-BA,2.0mg/L2,4-D and added0.0038g(DW)/L cell in20mlliquid medium.
     3. The detection system of the BSPS and Rheochrysidin: Glucose as a standard,we adopt Anthrone-sulfuric acid method to determine total sugar; and use3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method for determination of reducing sugar; Polysaccharideis equal to the total sugar minus reducing sugar. At about48days, the content of theBSPS was3.72mg(DW)/L. The content of Rheochrysidin was detected by HighPerformance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).When cell suspension cultures wasabout30d,8.12μg Rheochrysidin can be extracted from1g dry weight cells.
     4. Under the optimal culture condition, the dynamic curves between the Bletillastriata (Thunb.) Rchb. f.’s cell growth and biosynthesis of the BSPS showed thatthe Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb. f.’s cell growth reached to the top at the27thday, and the biomass was2.79g (FW)/L. At the same time the content of the BSPSand Rheochrysidin reached to the top at the48th and30th with3.72mg (DW)/L,8.12μg/g, respectively. Then, the biomass of B. striata. and the content of BSPS andRheochrysidin began to decline.
引文
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