中国云南禄丰中侏罗世川街组晰脚类恐龙阿纳川街龙新研究
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摘要
本文首次对云南禄丰中侏罗世的阿纳川街龙进行了重新研究。通过补充大量新的化石材料,对该属化石进行了重新详细描述和补充研究,重新修订了阿纳川街龙的鉴定特征。部分骨骼特征表明该属种属于马门溪龙科;但与马门溪龙类其他类群对比,川街龙又有明确的形态区别,而且显示了比马门溪龙属更原始的许多性状。通过分支系统学等新方法深入分析了阿纳川街龙的系统位置,在蜥脚类巨龙型类恐龙的分类方面有新的研究进展。本次分析的数据矩阵包括许多独自汇集的新信息。新发现的分支系统树表明,阿纳川街龙属于真蜥脚类(Eusauropoda),并且与马门溪龙和元谋龙形成单系类群。此外,本次分析修订了系统树中有关各个分类群之鉴定特征。本文还进行了蜥脚类股骨形态的主成分分析,表明了阿纳川街龙、马门溪龙类和有些巨龙型类的股骨的相似性。与此同时,提出了大型植食性陆生爬行动物蜥脚类恐龙(Sauropod)自晚三叠世在联合大陆(Pangaea)上出现后的迁移与演化。根据相似性和古地理分布,首次提出巨龙型类恐龙(或者其初期类型)在欧亚大陆连接之前(阿普梯-阿尔必期之前)来到亚洲,川街龙可能是它们的祖先。上述研究对深入理解亚洲西南部巨龙型类恐龙在侏罗纪中后期的演化、古生物地理、以及对川街龙的分类系统等具有重要意义。
The present study re-evaluates Chuanjiesaurus anaensis Fang et al., 2000 from the Middle Jurassic of Lufeng, Yunnan, Southwest China. The holotype and a new referred specimen are described in detail, and re-examined osteologically and phylogenetically. Based on close observations and comparisons, several emended diagnoses are proposed by the author. Some osteological features reveal Chuanjiesaurus belonging to Mamenchisauridae. Compared to other mamenchisaurid dinosaurs, Chuanjiesaurus anaensis possesses relatively primitive characters. The phylogenetic position of C. anaensis was analyzed. The data sets of some taxa from southwestern China were modified in the present research. The present analysis reveals that C. anaensis, Mamenchisaurus and Yuanmousaurus constitute a monophyletic group, which belongs to relatively derived Eusauropoda. This suggests that Mamenchisauridae could be positioned at more relatively derived part than previous thought. Primary Component Analysis of femur of some Sauropoda including Titanosauriformes shows morphological similarity between C. anaensis and Chinese Titanosauriformes. At the same time, the biogeography and evolutional history of sauropods, the gigantic herbivorous continental reptiles originated in Pangaea in the Late Triassic and moved to Laurasia later, are discussed. Based on the paleobiogeographical distributions and morphological similarity, the present study proposes a new hypothesis that C. anaensis could be an early in form of Asian Titanosauriformes, which moved from Europe before the separation of Asia from Europe during Aptian to Albian. Therefore, the present research deepens the understanding of evolution and paleobiogeography of Titanosauriformes in Asia during the Middle and Late Jurassic, and strengthens the significance of Chuanjiesaurus anaensis on the taxonomy of Mamenchisauridae.
The present study re-evaluates Chuanjiesaurus anaensis Fang et al., 2000 from the Middle Jurassic of Lufeng, Yunnan, Southwest China. The holotype and a new referred specimen are described in detail, and re-examined osteologically and phylogenetically. Based on close observations and comparisons, several emended diagnoses are proposed by the author. Some osteological features reveal Chuanjiesaurus belonging to Mamenchisauridae. Compared to other mamenchisaurid dinosaurs, Chuanjiesaurus anaensis possesses relatively primitive characters. The phylogenetic position of C. anaensis was analyzed. The data sets of some taxa from southwestern China were modified in the present research. The present analysis reveals that C. anaensis, Mamenchisaurus and Yuanmousaurus constitute a monophyletic group, which belongs to relatively derived Eusauropoda. This suggests that Mamenchisauridae could be positioned at more relatively derived part than previous thought. Primary Component Analysis of femur of some Sauropoda including Titanosauriformes shows morphological similarity between C. anaensis and Chinese Titanosauriformes. At the same time, the biogeography and evolutional history of sauropods, the gigantic herbivorous continental reptiles originated in Pangaea in the Late Triassic and moved to Laurasia later, are discussed. Based on the paleobiogeographical distributions and morphological similarity, the present study proposes a new hypothesis that C. anaensis could be an early in form of Asian Titanosauriformes, which moved from Europe before the separation of Asia from Europe during Aptian to Albian. Therefore, the present research deepens the understanding of evolution and paleobiogeography of Titanosauriformes in Asia during the Middle and Late Jurassic, and strengthens the significance of Chuanjiesaurus anaensis on the taxonomy of Mamenchisauridae.
引文
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