串联侵彻战斗部对钢筋混凝土介质的侵彻机理
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摘要
由聚能装药和动能侵彻体组成的两级串联侵彻战斗部是钻地武器的发展趋势之一，其对钢筋混凝土等硬目标的高效毁伤依赖于前后级的合理匹配。本文运用理论分析、数值模拟及试验研究等方法全面系统地研究了串联侵彻战斗部对钢筋混凝土的侵彻机理，主要包括聚能装药侵彻钢筋混凝土、动能侵彻体侵彻预损伤混凝土、前级爆轰场对后级的干扰及后级动能侵彻体增速等方面的问题。
本文的主要研究内容包括以下几个方面。
1．进行了聚能装药对钢筋混凝土的侵彻机理研究。
建立了连续射流侵彻模型，并应用其计算分析了射流速度梯度、射流头尾直径和炸高等参数对侵彻深度及孔形的影响关系，验证了“E／V=C”准则。基于质量守恒和动量守恒理论建立了聚能杆式侵彻体侵彻混凝土的工程模型，并进行了试验验证。进行了三种不同类型聚能装药成型与侵彻研究，X装药的穿深与孔径匹配合理，通过X装药侵彻钢筋混凝土试验的结果来看，X装药是较为理想的串联侵彻战斗部前级装药结构。
2．进行了动能侵彻体对预损伤混凝土的侵彻机理研究。
利用空腔膨胀理论建立了不同头部形状动能侵彻体对预损伤混凝土的侵彻模型。深入地研究了预损伤混凝土的孔形几何参数和损伤区强度弱化因素对侵彻深度的影响关系。在后级动能侵彻体冲击速度一定时，预损伤孔径大于动能侵彻体直径的0.7倍时，侵彻深度增加明显，预损伤孔形对侵彻深度的影响也更加明显。进行了不同损伤区强度弱化假设对侵彻深度的影响分析，假设损伤区线性弱化与实际情况较为符合。基于灰色理论建立了动能侵彻体最大侵彻深度灰色预估模型，丰富了试验数据处理的方法。本文模型的计算结果与Mostert和Folsom试验吻合较好，精度比Teland模型高。利用LS-DYNA对预损伤混凝土的侵彻过程进行了数值计算，对理论模型进行了验证。
3．串联侵彻战斗部侵彻模型及前后级匹配关系研究。
分析讨论了前后级侵彻深度之间的关系，建立了串联侵彻战斗部的侵彻模型，获得了串联侵彻战斗部最佳穿深与孔径匹配的设计方法。进行了前级爆轰场对后级动能侵彻体的影响分析，建立了前级爆轰场作用下的一维冲击波传播模型，基于动量守恒建立了后级动能侵彻体速度降的表达式。运用数值计算对上述理论分析进行了验证。进行了后级动能侵彻体增速抛射装置设计，建立增速抛射装置的理论分析模型，通过增速抛射试验对模型进行了验证。
Tandem warhead is one trend of the development of anti-concrete warheads, which is composed by the precursory shaped charge and the following kinetic energy projectile (KE projectile). The most damage effect of the tandem warhead is determined by the matching parameters of two stages. Many factors such as shaped charge penetrating reinforced concrete, KE projectile penetrating the pre-damage concrete, the relationship of depth and diameter of the precursory penetrating crater, the launch of the following KE projectile are researched in this paper by theory analysis, experimental research and numerical simulation.
Following aspects are included in this paper:
1. The mechanism of shaped charge penetrating reinforced concrete is researched. Continuous model of shaped charge jet penetrating reinforced concrete is set up. It is applied to analyze the influence on depth and diameter of some parameters, such as velocity grads, radius of jet and stand-off. It is validated E/V criterion byproduct. An engineering model of eroding JPC penetrating concrete is set up on the basis of conservation of mass and momentum. And it's proved valid by experiment. Numerical simulation of formation process and penetration process of three typical shaped charge jets has been carried out to get the parameters. The result show that X Charge has high performance which can get large diameter and high depth hole in penetration, and the experiment of X-charge penetration reinforced concrete is completed successfully. X-charge is suitable precursory of tandem warhead.
2. The mechanism of KE projectile penetrating the pre-damage concrete is researched. A model of KE projectile with various head shape to pre-damage concrete is set up on the basis of modified cavity expansion theory. How the pre-damage concrete crater's geometrical parameter and strength weakening degree of damaged zone affect the penetration effect is deeply researched. When the velocity of the following KE projectile is constant and the diameter of pre-damage crater exceeds 0.7 times as the diameter of the KE projectile, the penetration depth is markedly enhanced and the influence of the crater .shape to the penetration depth is more significant. The influence of various hypotheses about strength weakening of the damaged zone to the penetrating depth is analyzed, and the linear weakening hypothesis is proved to be more close to the reality. Grey pri-estmation model of maximum penetration depth of the KE projectile is established. The results of this paper are in good agree with the Mostert and Folsom experiments. The precision of the model is higher than that of Teland model. The process of KE projectile penetrating the pre-damage concrete target is simulated by using LS-DYNA. The theoretical analysis is confirmed with numerical simulation results.
3. The penetrating model of the tandem warhead and the matching relationship of the precursory shaped charge and following KE projectile are researched in this paper. An optimized method for the matching design of the diameter and the maximum penetration depth is set up by analyzing the penetrating process of the tandem-penetrating warhead. The effect of precursory detonation wave on following KE projectile is analyzed. One-dimension shock wave spreading model is set up. The formula of velocity
本文的主要研究内容包括以下几个方面。
1．进行了聚能装药对钢筋混凝土的侵彻机理研究。
建立了连续射流侵彻模型，并应用其计算分析了射流速度梯度、射流头尾直径和炸高等参数对侵彻深度及孔形的影响关系，验证了“E／V=C”准则。基于质量守恒和动量守恒理论建立了聚能杆式侵彻体侵彻混凝土的工程模型，并进行了试验验证。进行了三种不同类型聚能装药成型与侵彻研究，X装药的穿深与孔径匹配合理，通过X装药侵彻钢筋混凝土试验的结果来看，X装药是较为理想的串联侵彻战斗部前级装药结构。
2．进行了动能侵彻体对预损伤混凝土的侵彻机理研究。
利用空腔膨胀理论建立了不同头部形状动能侵彻体对预损伤混凝土的侵彻模型。深入地研究了预损伤混凝土的孔形几何参数和损伤区强度弱化因素对侵彻深度的影响关系。在后级动能侵彻体冲击速度一定时，预损伤孔径大于动能侵彻体直径的0.7倍时，侵彻深度增加明显，预损伤孔形对侵彻深度的影响也更加明显。进行了不同损伤区强度弱化假设对侵彻深度的影响分析，假设损伤区线性弱化与实际情况较为符合。基于灰色理论建立了动能侵彻体最大侵彻深度灰色预估模型，丰富了试验数据处理的方法。本文模型的计算结果与Mostert和Folsom试验吻合较好，精度比Teland模型高。利用LS-DYNA对预损伤混凝土的侵彻过程进行了数值计算，对理论模型进行了验证。
3．串联侵彻战斗部侵彻模型及前后级匹配关系研究。
分析讨论了前后级侵彻深度之间的关系，建立了串联侵彻战斗部的侵彻模型，获得了串联侵彻战斗部最佳穿深与孔径匹配的设计方法。进行了前级爆轰场对后级动能侵彻体的影响分析，建立了前级爆轰场作用下的一维冲击波传播模型，基于动量守恒建立了后级动能侵彻体速度降的表达式。运用数值计算对上述理论分析进行了验证。进行了后级动能侵彻体增速抛射装置设计，建立增速抛射装置的理论分析模型，通过增速抛射试验对模型进行了验证。
Tandem warhead is one trend of the development of anti-concrete warheads, which is composed by the precursory shaped charge and the following kinetic energy projectile (KE projectile). The most damage effect of the tandem warhead is determined by the matching parameters of two stages. Many factors such as shaped charge penetrating reinforced concrete, KE projectile penetrating the pre-damage concrete, the relationship of depth and diameter of the precursory penetrating crater, the launch of the following KE projectile are researched in this paper by theory analysis, experimental research and numerical simulation.
Following aspects are included in this paper:
1. The mechanism of shaped charge penetrating reinforced concrete is researched. Continuous model of shaped charge jet penetrating reinforced concrete is set up. It is applied to analyze the influence on depth and diameter of some parameters, such as velocity grads, radius of jet and stand-off. It is validated E/V criterion byproduct. An engineering model of eroding JPC penetrating concrete is set up on the basis of conservation of mass and momentum. And it's proved valid by experiment. Numerical simulation of formation process and penetration process of three typical shaped charge jets has been carried out to get the parameters. The result show that X Charge has high performance which can get large diameter and high depth hole in penetration, and the experiment of X-charge penetration reinforced concrete is completed successfully. X-charge is suitable precursory of tandem warhead.
2. The mechanism of KE projectile penetrating the pre-damage concrete is researched. A model of KE projectile with various head shape to pre-damage concrete is set up on the basis of modified cavity expansion theory. How the pre-damage concrete crater's geometrical parameter and strength weakening degree of damaged zone affect the penetration effect is deeply researched. When the velocity of the following KE projectile is constant and the diameter of pre-damage crater exceeds 0.7 times as the diameter of the KE projectile, the penetration depth is markedly enhanced and the influence of the crater .shape to the penetration depth is more significant. The influence of various hypotheses about strength weakening of the damaged zone to the penetrating depth is analyzed, and the linear weakening hypothesis is proved to be more close to the reality. Grey pri-estmation model of maximum penetration depth of the KE projectile is established. The results of this paper are in good agree with the Mostert and Folsom experiments. The precision of the model is higher than that of Teland model. The process of KE projectile penetrating the pre-damage concrete target is simulated by using LS-DYNA. The theoretical analysis is confirmed with numerical simulation results.
3. The penetrating model of the tandem warhead and the matching relationship of the precursory shaped charge and following KE projectile are researched in this paper. An optimized method for the matching design of the diameter and the maximum penetration depth is set up by analyzing the penetrating process of the tandem-penetrating warhead. The effect of precursory detonation wave on following KE projectile is analyzed. One-dimension shock wave spreading model is set up. The formula of velocity
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